Mesabolivar bico, Huber, 2018

Huber, Bernhard A., 2018, The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits, Zootaxa 4395 (1), pp. 1-178 : 52-55

Mesabolivar bico sp. n.

Figs 200–208 , 241–242

Diagnosis. Distinguished from similar congeners (other species of the togatus group) by male cheliceral armature ( Figs 204–205 ; one pair of long frontal apophyses in proximal position), and by epigynum with pair of processes and distinctive median pocket (very wide, in anterior position; Figs 206 , 241 ); from the similar M. ceruleiventris (Mello-Leitão, 1916) (male unknown) by epigynal pocket ‘open’ towards anterior epigynal rim (compare Fig. 206 and Huber 2000: fig. 826), by shape and position of pore-plates in internal female genitalia (anteriorly wider apart, shorter; compare Fig. 208 and Huber 2000: fig. 827), and possibly by smaller size (body length ~3 vs. 4 mm; tibia 1 <9.0 vs. 9.3 mm in the holotype of M. ceruleiventris ); from other similar species also by wide and short prolateral apophysis on male palpal procursus ( Figs 202–203 ).

Etymology. The specific name refers to the beak-shaped (in lateral view) male cheliceral apophyses (Portuguese bico = beak); noun in apposition.

Type material. BRAZIL: Bahia: ♂ holotype, 1♀ paratype, MNRJ (14311), 3♂ 4♀ paratypes, ZFMK (Ar 19065), Parque Nacional do Pau Brasil, ‘site 2’ (outside park limits) (16°25.7’S, 39°21.1’W), ~ 60 m a.s.l., 1.x.2011 (B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González, M. Alves Dias).

Other material examined. BRAZIL: Bahia: 2♂ 3♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 11-156), same data as types . 5♂ 7♀, ZFMK ( Ar 19066), Parque Nacional do Pau Brasil, ‘site 1’ (16°28.2’S, 39°16.8’W), ~ 65 m a.s.l., 30.ix.2011 (B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González, M. Alves Dias) ; 2♂ 2♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br 11-148), same data .

Espírito Santo: 1♂, ZFMK (Ar 19067), Reserva Biológica Córrego do Veado , ‘site 1’ (18°22.1’S, 40°08.3’W), ~ 80 m a.s.l., 29.ix.2011 (B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González) . 2♂ 3♀, ZFMK (Ar 19068), Reserva Biológica Córrego do Veado , ‘site 2’ (18°21.7’S, 40°10.0’W), ~ 90 m a.s.l., 29.ix.2011 (B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González).

Description. Male (holotype)

MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.9, carapace width 1.1. Distance PME-PME 140 µm, diameter PME 110 µm, distance PME-ALE 120 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 50 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.0/ 0.55. Leg 1: 51.6 (12.7 + 0.5 + 12.5 + 23.2 + 2.7), tibia 2: 8.3, tibia 3: 5.3, tibia 4: 7.9; tibia 1 L/d: 125. Femora 1– 4 width (at half length): 0.12, 0.13, 0.13, 0.12.

COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with very large brown median mark including ocular area; sternum ochre-orange; legs brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter (yellowish), without dark rings; abdomen pale gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark internal marks, ventrally with orange-brown area in front of gonopore.

BODY. Habitus similar to putative close relatives (e.g., M. caipora ; cf. Fig. 145 ); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified.

CHELICERAE. With one pair of curved frontal apophyses in proximal position ( Figs 204–205 ).

PALPS. As in Figs 200–201 ; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral apophysis proximally, distally strongly widening; tarsus with dorsal conical process; procursus proximally curved, distally with short and wide prolateral apophysis ( Figs 202–203 ); genital bulb with large tapering process partly sclerotized.

LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 1.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~40 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct.

Male (variation). Tibia 1 in ten other males: 10.7–12.9 (mean 11.7). Males from Córrego do Veado with slightly less curved male cheliceral apophyses.

Female. In general similar to male. Tibia 1 in 12 females: 6.9–8.7 (mean 7.8). Epigynum as in Figs 206 , 241 ; anterior plate with pair of processes and very large median pocket in anterior position; posterior plate simple and large. Internal genitalia as in Figs 208 , 242 , with pair of large pore-plates in lateral position, converging dorsally and anteriorly. Females from Córrego do Veado with slightly narrower epigynal pocket, but this is variable even within populations.

Natural history. The spiders were found in sheltered spaces very close to the ground.

Distribution. Known from two localities in Bahia and Espírito Santo states ( Brazil) ( Fig. 728 ).

Figures

FIGURES 200–205. Mesabolivar bico sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19065). 200–201. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 202–203.Tip of leftprocursus, prolateral and dorsal views.204–205.Male chelicerae,lateral andfrontalviews. Scalelines:0.5 (200–201, 204–205), 0.3 (202–203).

FIGURES206–214. Mesabolivar bico sp. n. (206–208, ZFMK Ar 19065) and M.mimoso sp. n. (209–214, ZFMK Ar 19069). 206–207. Epigynum ventral and lateral views. 208. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. 209–210. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 211–212. Tip of left procursus, prolateral and dorsal views. 213. Epigynum, ventral view. 214. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view.Scale lines:0.5 (206–210, 213–214), 0.3 (211–212).

FIGURES241–252. Femaleepigyna in ventral views and cleared female genitalia in dorsal views, Mesabolivar togatus group (part2). 241–242.M.bico sp. n. (ZFMK Ar19065).243–244.M.mimoso sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19069).245–246. M.madalenasp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19071). 247–248. M. inmanis sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19072). 249. M. sp. (“sp. 7” in Astrin et al. 2006) (Br03/100- 14b). 250.M.cyaneomaculatus (Keyserling, 1891) (ZFMK Ar 19075). 251–252.M. claricae sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19083).

FIGURES 138–149. Live specimens, Mesabolivar togatus group. 138–139. M. togatus (Keyserling, 1891), males from Sooretama (with Arachnocoris bug; arrow) and Santa Maria Madalena. 140. M. baianus sp. n., male from Serra Bonita. 141– 142. M. similis sp. n., male and female from Morro de Pedra.143–144. M. buraquinho sp. n., male from Bonito, female from Mata do Buraquinho.145–146.M.caiporaHuber, 2015,male and femalefrom Serra daItabaiana.147. M.inmanis sp. n., male from Vargem Alta.148–149.M.cyaneomaculatus (Keyserling, 1891), males from Penedo.

FIGURES726–729. Knowndistribution of the Mesabolivar togatusgroup.“?”: dubious recordsof M.togatus, possible record of M. baianus (sub. M. togatus in Machado 2007), and of M. cyaneomaculatus from Paraná (Mello-Leitão 1947b); asterisk: erroneous record of M.togatusfrom Pará in Mello-Leitão (1940a).TL, type locality.