Pyrrhiades anchises (Gerstaecker)

Cock, Matthew J. W., 2010, Observations on the biology of Afro-tropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) principally from Kenya. Part 1. Introduction and Coeliadinae, Zootaxa 2547, pp. 1-63 : 14

Pyrrhiades anchises (Gerstaecker) ( Figures 3–12 )

The type locality of anchises is usually given as Zanzibar ( Evans 1937; Chiba 2009), based on the title of Gerstaecker’s (1871) “Contribution to the insect fauna of Zanzibar ” (Beitrag zur insektenfauna von Zanzibar). However, this would refer to the Sultanate of Zanzibar, rather the island of Zanzibar, as the localities in Gerstaecker’s work cover a wide area around Zanzibar, including Mombas (= Mombasa). The type locality which Gerstaecker (1871) actually gives for anchises is Lake Jipe (See Jipe) on the Kenya – Tanzania border, east of Mount Kilimanjaro. Carcasson (1981) spelt this species anchyses, but the spelling given above is correct. The nominate subspecies is widespread from South Africa where it is probably not resident ( Henning et al. 1997), throughout eastern Africa to Arabia ( Yemen). It is replaced by subspecies jucunda Butler on the island of Socotra (type locality), Dhofar and northern Oman ( Evans 1937; Larsen 1984; Ackery et al. 1995; Cock 2010a).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Pyrrhiades anchises anchises at rest, Kibwezi Forest; left mid morning, 21 Jan 1990; right, 08.30h, 31 Dec 1989.

FIGURE 4. Ovum of Pyrrhiades anchises anchises on Caucanthus auriculatus, Kibwezi Forest, 28 Dec 1990 (90/ 121P).

FIGURE 5. Caucanthus auriculatus and leaf shelters of Pyrrhiades anchises anchises, Kibwezi Forest, 31 Dec 1989 (89/109); left, flowering C. auriculatus; centre, stage 2 shelter; right, stage 3 shelter.

FIGURE 6. Final instar caterpillar of Pyrrhiades anchises anchises Form 1 on Acridocarpus zanzibaricus, 12 Dec 1989 (89/96); left, caterpillar, 40mm; right, detail of head.

FIGURE 7. Final instar caterpillar of Pyrrhiades anchises anchises, form 2 on Caucanthus auriculatus, Kibwezi Forest; above, caterpillar 29mm; below left, detail of head; below right, detail of anal segments; 16 Jan 1990 (89/109E).

FIGURE 8. Instar 2 caterpillar of Pyrrhiades anchises anchises form 2 on Caucanthus auriculatus 7mm, Kibwezi Forest, 31 Dec 1989 (89/109B).

FIGURE 9. Final instar 5 caterpillar of Pyrrhiades anchises anchises form 3 on Caucanthus auriculatus, Kibwezi Forest; above, caterpillar, 22mm; below left, detail of head; below right detail of anal segments; 15 Mar 1991 (91/12).

FIGURE 10. Pupa of Pyrrhiades anchises anchises (from caterpillar form 1) on Acridocarpus zanzibaricus, Diani Beach; dorsolateral view, 30 Dec 1989 (89/96).

FIGURE 11. Pupa of Pyrrhiades anchises anchises (from caterpillar form 3) on Caucanthus auriculatus, Kibwezi Forest; left, lateral view; right, ventral view, 21mm; 1 Apr 1991 (91/12).

FIGURE 12. Final instar caterpillar of Pyrrhiades anchises jucunda on Acridocarpus orientalis, Oman; above left, caterpillar in open shelter, dorsal view; above right and below left, two forms of head; below right, lateral view (from Cock 2010a).