Cyrtusa subtestacea (Gyllenhal), 1813

Peck, Stewart B. & Cook, Joyce, 2013, Systematics and distributions of the genera Cyrtusa Erichson, Ecarinosphaerula Hatch, Isoplastus Horn, Liocyrtusa Daffner, Lionothus Brown, and Zeadolopus Broun of the United States and Canada (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Leiodinae: Leiodini), Insecta Mundi 2013 (310), pp. 1-32 : 4-5

Cyrtusa subtestacea (Gyllenhal), 1813

( Fig. 1 , 16 )

Anisotoma subtestacea Gyllenhal, 1813: 707 . Type locality: Gottland, Sweden.

Amphicyllis picipennis LeConte, 1863: 25 . Synonymy in Daffner 1988: 294. Holotype in MCZC, type number 3192, seen. Type locality: “northern New York.”

Cyrtusa picipennis (LeConte) ; Horn 1880: 294.

Caenocyrta picipennis (LeConte) ; Brown 1937b: 172; Hatch 1957: 30.

Cyrtusa subtestacea (Gyllenhal) ; Daffner 1983: 138, 1988: 294.

Diagnosis. Length (pronotum + elytra) = 1.40–2.10 mm; greatest width = 1.00– 1.50 mm. Reddish brown, shiny. Head with coarse, irregularly spaced punctures. Antennomere 2 longer and broader than 3; antennal club compact, antennomere 7 narrower than 8, apical antennomere slightly narrower than 9. Sides of pronotum rounded, posterior angles roundly obtuse. Pronotum coarsely, densely punctate laterally; punctation finer and more sparse medially. Elytral strial punctures coarse, finer anteriorly, separated by one diameter or more; interstrial punctures smaller, more widely spaced; anteriorly, strial punctures are not clearly distinguished from interstrial punctures. Metasternum strongly, densely punctate; medially, punctures finer and more sparse. Legs as in generic diagnosis. Abdominal sternites with dense microsculpture; sternites III–VII each with transverse row of small punctures in apical half. Median lobe of aedeagus ( Fig. 1 ) broad, flat apically, weakly curved dorsoventrally; paired apices variable in length. Parameres broad, flat, each bearing two spines before thin, membranous apex that extends beyond apices of median lobe. Internal sac as in Fig. 1 .

Remarks. We have found the structure of the internal sac ( Fig. 1 ) to be consistent throughout North America. However, it appears to differ somewhat from the internal sac of C. subtestacea as illustrated by Daffner (1983: 137, fig. 500; 1988: 293, fig. 77). We have seen no European specimens of C. subtestacea for comparison, and think that the placing C. picipennis (LeConte) into synonymy under C. subtestacea (Gyllenhal) should be reexamined.

Distribution. North American distribution ( Fig. 16 ): CANADA. BRITISH COLUMBIA, MANITOBA, NEW BRUNSWICK, NOVA SCOTIA, ONTARIO, QUEBEC. UNITED STATES. CALIFORNIA, COLORADO, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, IDAHO, IOWA, ILLINOIS, MASSACHUSETTS, MAINE, MICHIGAN, MINNESOTA, MONTANA, NEVADA, NEW MEXICO, NEW YORK, OREGON, UTAH, VERMONT, VIRGINIA, WASHINGTON. Extra-limital distribution: Europe; Siberia. The species is Holarctic.

Previously recorded in North America ( LeConte 1863, Horn 1880, Brown 1937b, Hatch 1957, Daffner 1988) from: CANADA. BRITISH COLUMBIA. Creston (and 20 km NE). Kamloops (Lac du Bois). Oliver. Royal Oak. Summerland. Vancouver. ONTARIO. Brent (near Algonquin Park). Mer Bleue (near Ottawa). Hawthorne. Gogama (40 km NE, Mattagami River). Pelee Island. Simcoe. Arnprior. QUEBEC. Aylmer. Duparquet. Brome. UNITED STATES. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. IDAHO (northern). MAINE. Paris. MASSACHUSETTS. Elizabeth Island. Fall River. Framingham. Nashawena Island. Lincoln. Sherborn. MICHIGAN. Detroit. NEW MEXICO. Catron Co., 5 mi w Luna. Chavez Co., Bitter Lakes. WASHINGTON (southwestern).

Seasonality. Adults have been collected in the months from May to November, and mostly from June to August.

Bionomics. Adults have been collected mostly in forested habitats. They have been taken by flight intercept traps and evening car netting, but also in litter and blacklight traps. The species is seemingly absent from mid-continental grassland habitats.

New material examined. We have seen 182 specimens, from the following localities. CANADA. MANITOBA. Ste. Rita, Agassiz Provincial Forest. Volstoi-Vita, Rt. 209. NEW BRUNSWICK. Hwy. 112, 26 km W Canaan Forks. 60 km NW Moncton, rt. 116. NOVA SCOTIA. 40 km SE Truro, Trafalgar, Liscomb Provincial Sanctuary. Westchester to Londonderry. N of upper Tantalon, Indian Lake road. Clyde River road. ONTARIO. 20 km SE Almonte, Middleville to White Lake. 2 km N Cloyne, Stoll Lake road. Alfred, Alfred Bog. Almonte. Gloucester. Iroquois Falls, nw Industrial Road. Kemptville Forest. Limoges, Larose Provincial Forest. Manitoulin Island, 2 mi S Maple Point. N Lake Abitibi, 80 km E Cochrane. Marlborough Provincial Forest, 15 km W North Gower. Stittsville. Rondeau Provincial Park. Shirleys Bay, 15 km W Ottawa. Constance Bay. Wheatley. L3C6 Wolford Township 44° 52’03”N, 75°43’50” W. 7 km se Westport. UNITED STATES. CALIFORNIA. Fresno Co., Fresno. Del Norte Co., Gasquet. Siskiyou Co., Etna. COLORADO. Huerfano Co., La Veta Pass. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. IOWA. Webster Co., DeKalb Research Farm, 3 mi W Dayton. ILLINOIS. Champaign Co., Mahomet, Nettie Hart Memorial Woods. 3 mi NW Homer. MASSACHUSETTS. Lincoln. MINNESOTA. Roseau Co., Roseau. Frontenac. MONTANA. Toston. NEW MEXICO. Las Vegas. Roswell. Catron Co., 5 mi W Luna. 8 mi SE Luna. Chaves Co., Bitter Lakes N. W. R. NEVADA. Esmeralda Co., Fish Lake Valley dunes. NEW YORK. Willard. OREGON. Harney Co., 17 mi E Frenchglen, Steens Mt. road. 3 mi E Frenchglen, Page Spring Camp. 62 mi SE Burns, Page Spring. UTAH. Benjamin. Callao. Provo. Richfield. Salt Lake, Salt Lake Airport. VERMONT. Franklin Co., Bakersfield. VIRGINIA. Fredericksburg. Bath Co., 9.6 km N Clifton Forge. Montgomery Co., Jefferson National Forest, Pandapas Pond. WASHINGTON. Benton Co., Hanford Site, West Lake.

Figures

Figure 16. North American distribution of Cyrtusa subtestacea (black circles), C. grossepunctata (black squares).

Figures 1–6. Aedeagi, dorsal, of Cyrtusa and Isoplastus species. 1) Cyrtusa subtestacea. 2) Isoplastus fossor. 3) I. floridanus. 4) L. luggeri. 5) L. nigriclavis. 6) L. stephani. Scale line = 0.3 mm.