Conilepia nigricosta paiwan Kishida, 1991

Dubatolov, Vladimir V., Zolotuhin, Vadim V. & Witt, Thomas J., 2016, Revision of Lithosia Fabricius, 1798 and Conilepia Hampson, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae), Zootaxa 4107 (2), pp. 175-196 : 189-190

Conilepia nigricosta paiwan Kishida, 1991

( Figs 18–21 )

Conilepia nigricosta paiwan Kishida in Kishida & Yazaki, 1991 ; Japan Heterocerists’ J. 165: 263, figs 1–2. Type locality: “Fushan (400 m) Wulai, Taipei Hsien” [ Taiwan].

Type material. JAPAN: 1 ♂, holotype, Fushan (400 m) Wulai, Taipei Hsien, 23–25.viii.1990 (M. Owada) ( NSMT); 1 ♀, paratype, the same locality; figured by Kishida & Yazaki (1991): Figs. 1 (male, holotype) and 2 (female, paratype).

Material examined. TAIWAN: Prov. Taipei: 3 ♂, Taipingshan N.R., 1300 m, 12.vii 1997, leg. B. Herczig & Y. Y.L i e n (M W M); 1 8 ♂, 3 ♀, Hsiapen, 650 m, 11.vii 1997, leg. B. Herczig & Y. Y.Lien (MWM); Prov. Taoyuan: 1 ♀, gen. prep. 17.438, Ming Chyr Forest Reservation Area, 1160 m, 05–06.x.1996, Gy. Fábián & F. Nemeth leg. (MWM); 1 ♂, 16 km E of Fuhsing, 870 m, 16.vii 1997, 121˚24’E, 24˚50’N, leg. Tibor Csovari & Laszlo Mikus (MWM); 13 ♂, 4 ♀, Ming Chyr Forest Recreation area, 1160 m, 13–14.vii 1996, leg. G. Csorba & L. Nemeth (MWM); 1 ♀, 14 km E of Fushing, 800 m, 4.x 1995, 121˚23’E, 24˚25’N, leg. Csovari & Steger (MWM); Prov. Ilan [Ylan]: 2 ♂, gen. prep. 17.436–17.437, 1200 m, Ming Chyr Forest Reservation Area, 8–9.vii.1997, B. Herczig & S. Kovács leg. (MWM); 17 ♂, 4 ♀, 1200 m, Ming Chyr Forest Recreation Area, 8–9.vii 1997, leg. B. Herczig & S. Kovacs (MWM); Prov. Hualien: 1 ♂, 6 km SE Juisui, 200 m, 22.v 1997, leg. Gy. M. László & G. László (MWM).

Description. Male. Forewing length 17–19 mm. Thorax, patagia and tegulae orange-yellow. Abdomen yellow with grey scales. Forewing ground colour light yellow, with orange borders at base, dorsal, outer and costal margins, but costal orange border more than twice narrower than others. Costa black, costal line slightly broadened at 1/3 from apex. Forewing cilia black. Hindwings light yellow, with brown scales along the hind edge of discal cell. Male genitalia ( Fig. 48 ) as in nominotypical subspecies, but spine-like cornutus has changed into a small sclerotized plate with a small spine on it; cucullus is smaller, so the tip of sacculus is longer than the central part of sacculus. Female Forewing length 20–22 mm. Wing colouration like in the nominate subspecies, but forewing much brighter and black spots larger, the posterior spot slightly larger than the anterior spot. Female genitalia ( Fig. 53 ) characterized by stronger sclerotization of meduim part of duscus bursae than other parts of genitalia.

Remarks. C. nigricosta paiwan is well characterized by the black costal line slightly broadened at one-third from apex and often by the presence of a yellow margination along costal margin of forewings in males. Its male genitalia are characterized by the transformation of the cornutus of the vesica into a small plate with a minute spine on it. Females are not as distinctive as males; Kishida & Yazaki (1991) stated that forewings in specimens from Taiwan are orange instead of yellowish orange, with a larger median spot, which we have also observed. Specimens of the nominotypical subspecies that occurs on the mainland are characterized by the entire absence of yellow margination along the costal margin of forewings in males. In male genitalia, the presence of a small spinelike cornutus on vesica, smaller than in the Taiwan population, is distinctive.

Distribution. Taiwan.

Bionomics. Mountain subspecies, like the nominotypical one, native to forest zone at the altitudes of 200–1200 m. Moths were collected in May, again in first half of July and then in late August and early October in Taiwan, highly probably producing two or more generations. Hosts are unknown.

Figures

FIGURES 14 – 32. Moths of Conilepia and species formerly attributed to Lithosia: 14 — C. nigricosta nigricosta Leech, type, male, Japan, BMNH; 15 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, male, Japan, Hyogo pref., Haga cho, Onzui Tal, gen. prep. Nr. 17430; 16 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, male, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wyyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17432; 17 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, female, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wyyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17433; 18 — C. nigricosta paiwan, holotype, male, Taiwan, Fushan, Wulai, Taipei Hsien, coll. coll. Y. Kishida; 19 — C. nigricosta paiwan, paratype, female, the same locality as in the holotype; 20 — C. nigricosta paiwan, male, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr Forest Recreation, gen. prep. Nr. 17437; 21 — C. nigricosta paiwan, female, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr Forest Recreation, gen. prep. Nr. 17438; 22 — C. sikkima, type, female, Sikkim, coll. BMNH; 23 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, Mt. Kangchenjunga SE, gen. prep. Nr. 17444; 24 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, Legship, gen. prep. Nr. 25050; 25 — C. cao, holotype, male, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 18130, coll. Museum Witt; 26 — C. cao, paratype, female, S. Vietnam, Bach-Ma, gen. prep .. Nr. 25049, coll. Museum Witt; 27 — C. cao, paratype, female, C. Vietnam, Gia Lai Pr., K’Bang Dist., vill. Kon Loc, coll. Museum Witt; 28 — Lithosia subcosteola Druce, type, male, China, Hunan, coll. BMNH; 29 — Cybosia gynaegrapha de Joannis, holotype, Vietnam, Cha Pa, coll. MNHN; 30 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, male, China, Yunnan, 45 km N of Fugong, gen. prep. Nr. 25045; 31 – 32 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, female, N. Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan, upperside (31) and underside (32).

FIGURES 1 – 13. Lithosia moths: 1 – 11 — L. quadra Linnaeus; 12 – 13 — L. yuennanensis Daniel. 1 — Phalaena quadra Linnaeus [L. quadra quadra], lectotype, female (above), male, paralectotype, female (below), coll. Linnaean Society; 2 — Phalaena deplana Linnaeus [L. quadra quadra], type, male, coll. of the Hunterian Museum of London; 3 — female, Russia, Daghestan, 8 km S Makhachkala, Talgi; 4 — male, Nordspanien, prov. Gerona, Besalu, Nr. 17402; 5 — male, Russia, Daghestan, 8 km S Makhachkala, Talgi, h = 200 m; 6 — Oeonistis dives Butler [L. quadra dives], type, male, Japan, coll. BMNH; 7 — L. quadra dives, male, N. Korea, Haeju, Su Jong San, Nr. 17405; 8 — L. quadra dives Butler, female, Primorsky Kraj, Kamenushka, GenPräp. Nr. 17427; 9 — L. quadra soligena ssp. n., holotype, male, Nordiran, Elbursgebirge, Dizin, GenPräp. Nr. 17417; 10 — L. quadra soligena ssp. n., paratype, male, Krasnodarsky Kray, Kropotkin circ., 20. VI. 2004; 11 — L. quadra soligena, paratype, female, Iran, Elburs, Kendevan 2300 – 2800 m, GenPräp. Nr 17420; 12 — L. yuennanensis Daniel, male (holotype) and female (paratype), China, Yunnan, Likiang, coll. ZFMK; 13 — L. yuennanesis Daniel, female, Shaanxi, Taibaishan, Nr. 17423.

FIGURES 46 – 55. Male (46 – 51) and female (52 – 55) genitalia of Conilepia and Cybosia gynaegrapha: 46 — C. nigricostata, Japan, gen. prep. Nr. 17430; 47 — C. nigricostata, China, Fujian, Kuatun, gen. prep. Nr. 1717431; 48 — C. nigricosta paiwan, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr, gen. prep. Nr. 17437; 49 — C. cao, holotype, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 18130; 50 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, gen. prep. Nr. 17445; 51 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, N. Vietnam, Fan-si-pan Mts., gen. prep. Nr. 25048; 52 — C. nigricosta, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wuyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17433; 53 — C. nigricosta paiwan, Taiwan, Prov. Taoyuan, Ming Chyr, gen. prep. Nr. 17438; 54 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, gen. prep. Nr. 25050; 55 — C. cao, paratype, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 25049.