Conilepia nigricosta nigricosta

Dubatolov, Vladimir V., Zolotuhin, Vadim V. & Witt, Thomas J., 2016, Revision of Lithosia Fabricius, 1798 and Conilepia Hampson, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae), Zootaxa 4107 (2), pp. 175-196 : 189

Conilepia nigricosta nigricosta (Leech, [1889])

( Figs 14–17 )

Oeonistis nigricosta Leech , [1889]; Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1888: 598, pl. 30, fig. 11. TL: “ Japan ” (BMNH).

Type material. JAPAN: 1 ♂ ([holo] type of nigricosta ), “ Type ” (on white ring framed with red), “H. Pryer Coll. / Japan.”, “Leech Coll. / 1900-64.”, “ Oeonistis / nigricosta . nov. sp.” ( BMNH).

Material examined. JAPAN: Honshu: 1 ♂, gen. prep. 17.430, Hyōgo pref., Haga-chō, Onzui Tal, S. Kinoshita leg. (MWM); 1 ♂, Hyōgo Pref., Onzui Tal, Haga-cho, leg. S. Kinoshita (MWM); 1 ♂, Osaka [Pref.], Ibaraki, Kuruma-tsukuri, 13.vii 1980, leg. S. Kinoshita (MWM); 6 ♂, Nara Pref., Hogigatake, 30.vi 1970, leg. J. Razowski (MWM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Mie [Pref.], Miyama, Fudo-dani, 100 m, 10.vii.1993, Y. Kishida leg. ( SZMN); Kyushu: 1 ♀, [Fukuoka Pref.,] Mt. Hikosan, 15.ix 1980, leg. S. Kinosita (MWM); CHINA: Fujian: 1 ♂, gen. prep. 17.431, “Kuatun (2300m) 27,4Øn.Br. / 117,40ö.L. J. Klapperich / 1. 6. 1938 (Fukien)”, “Sammlung / Daniel”. “Genitalpräparat / Heterocera / Nr. 17.431” (MWM); 1 ♂, Kuatun (2300 m) 27,40 n. Br., 117,40 ö.L., (Fukien), 1.vi 1938, leg. Klapperich (GU 17.431) (MWM); Jiangxi-Fujian border: 1 ♂, gen. prep. 17.432,1 ♀, Gen. Präp. 17.433,Wuy Shan, 50 km SE of Yingian, 27°58’ N, 117° 25’ E, 1000 m, v.2002, Siniaev & local coll. leg (MWM); 22 ♂, 14 ♀, China /WuyShan, 50 km SE of Yingtan, 27º56'N, 117º25'E, 1600 m, May 2002, leg. Siniaev & local coll. (MWM); Guangdong: 1 ♂, Shaoguan, Nanling, 1,000 m, 2–5.vii.2011, Y.Kishida leg. ( SZMN).

Description. Male. Forewing length 15–21 mm. Thorax, patagia and tegulae orange-yellow. Abdomen yellow. Forewing ground colour yellowish-grey, orange at base, dorsal and outer margins. Costa black. Forewing cilia yellow, but with dark scales. Hindwings light yellow, with brown scales along the hind edge of discal cell. Male genitalia ( Figs 46–47 ). Uncus moderate in width, downturned at apex, with a small spine at tip. Cucullus oval, short, membranous, hairy. Sacculus sclerotized, bent upward at rectangular angle at middle part, rounded at apex, not longer than the middle part of cucullus. Juxta X-shaped. Saccus broadly triangular. Aedeagus short, lacking spines. Vesica globular, with a spinulate zone and a small spine-like cornutus. Female. Forewing length 18–19 mm. Head and thorax light yellow. Abdomen yellow with a noticeable mixture of dark grey scales. Wing ground colour yellow, forewings often brighter (darker). Forewing with two black spots: one between costa and fore angle of discal cell, another between discal cell and anal vein at middle part of the wing; the latter is slightly smaller than the fore one and does not touch veins. Cilia colouration like the adjacent part of wing, some black scales visible at apex. Female genitalia ( Fig. 52 ). The less sclerotized proximal part of ductus bursae is more heavily sclerotized comparing with other taxa of the genus; bursa copulatrix without any enlargement.

Diagnosis. The nominotypical subspecies is well characterized by the presence of broad yellow margination along the dorsal and outer margins of the forewings in males, but the orange coloration along costa is strongly reduced. Male forewings lack black spots. In male genitalia, the nominotypical subspecies is characterized by the presence of a small spine-like cornutus on the vesica. Females are characterized by the light yellow coloration of forewings and the smaller hind black spot on the forewing that does not touch veins.

Distribution ( Fig. 57 ). In Japan, this species is known from the following islands: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu ( Kishida, 2011a). In wing coloration, Japanese specimens do not differ from those in the continental China (Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi). Thus, we considered continental specimens within the nominate subspecies.

Bionomics. Moths were collected in Japan from June–July and again in September. Kishida (2011a) notices two generations in Japan, but the second generation might be not full. Moths inhabit altitudes from 100 m up to 2300 m above sea level. In continental China they are known from May–July from altitudes from 1000 m up to 2300 m above sea level. Lichens are given as hosts in http://www.jpmoth.org.

Figures

FIGURES 14 – 32. Moths of Conilepia and species formerly attributed to Lithosia: 14 — C. nigricosta nigricosta Leech, type, male, Japan, BMNH; 15 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, male, Japan, Hyogo pref., Haga cho, Onzui Tal, gen. prep. Nr. 17430; 16 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, male, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wyyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17432; 17 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, female, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wyyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17433; 18 — C. nigricosta paiwan, holotype, male, Taiwan, Fushan, Wulai, Taipei Hsien, coll. coll. Y. Kishida; 19 — C. nigricosta paiwan, paratype, female, the same locality as in the holotype; 20 — C. nigricosta paiwan, male, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr Forest Recreation, gen. prep. Nr. 17437; 21 — C. nigricosta paiwan, female, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr Forest Recreation, gen. prep. Nr. 17438; 22 — C. sikkima, type, female, Sikkim, coll. BMNH; 23 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, Mt. Kangchenjunga SE, gen. prep. Nr. 17444; 24 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, Legship, gen. prep. Nr. 25050; 25 — C. cao, holotype, male, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 18130, coll. Museum Witt; 26 — C. cao, paratype, female, S. Vietnam, Bach-Ma, gen. prep .. Nr. 25049, coll. Museum Witt; 27 — C. cao, paratype, female, C. Vietnam, Gia Lai Pr., K’Bang Dist., vill. Kon Loc, coll. Museum Witt; 28 — Lithosia subcosteola Druce, type, male, China, Hunan, coll. BMNH; 29 — Cybosia gynaegrapha de Joannis, holotype, Vietnam, Cha Pa, coll. MNHN; 30 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, male, China, Yunnan, 45 km N of Fugong, gen. prep. Nr. 25045; 31 – 32 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, female, N. Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan, upperside (31) and underside (32).

FIGURES 46 – 55. Male (46 – 51) and female (52 – 55) genitalia of Conilepia and Cybosia gynaegrapha: 46 — C. nigricostata, Japan, gen. prep. Nr. 17430; 47 — C. nigricostata, China, Fujian, Kuatun, gen. prep. Nr. 1717431; 48 — C. nigricosta paiwan, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr, gen. prep. Nr. 17437; 49 — C. cao, holotype, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 18130; 50 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, gen. prep. Nr. 17445; 51 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, N. Vietnam, Fan-si-pan Mts., gen. prep. Nr. 25048; 52 — C. nigricosta, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wuyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17433; 53 — C. nigricosta paiwan, Taiwan, Prov. Taoyuan, Ming Chyr, gen. prep. Nr. 17438; 54 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, gen. prep. Nr. 25050; 55 — C. cao, paratype, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 25049.

FIGURES 56 – 57. Distribution maps of Lithosia (56) and Conilepia (57): 56 — L. quadra (black rings) and L. yuennanensis (green rings); 57 — C. nigricosta (black rings, larger rings show the province locality without exact data), C. sikkima (red rings), C. cao (blue rings).