Siculodes eurymenana ( Walker, 1865 )

Queiroz-Santos, Luziany, Casagrande, Mirna Martins & Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, 2024, Taxonomic revision of Siculodes Guenée and revalidation of Aziba Walker (Lepidoptera, Thyrididae, Siculodinae, Siculodini), Zootaxa 5543 (4), pp. 501-538 : 514-517

Siculodes eurymenana ( Walker, 1865)

( Figs 3 , 14 , 20 , 30 )

Vadata eurymenana Walker, 1865 . List of the specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, 32: 517; male, Rio [de] Janeiro, [ Brazil], collection Stevens.

Siculodes eurymenana ; Guenée, 1877. Annales de la Société entomologique de France, (5) 7: 294.— Pagenstecher, 1892. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift “Iris”, 5: 75, 127.

Risama eurymenana ; Hampson, 1897. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1897 (1): 630.— Gaede, 1936, in Seitz. Die Gross -Schmetterlinge des Amerikanischen Faunengebietes. Die amerikanischen Spinner und Schwärmer, 6: 1208, fig. 175c (d).— Dalla Torre, 1914. Lepidopterorum Catalogus 20: 41.

Belonoptera purpureofasciata Gaede, 1936 , in Seitz. Die Gross -Schmetterlinge des Amerikanischen Faunengebietes. Die amerikanischen Spinner und Schwärmer, 6: 1207, fig. 175a (d); 1 male [holo] type, Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main [MSFR].

Siculodes eurymenanus [sic]; Whalley & Heppner, 1995, Thyridoidea, in Becker et al. Checklist: Part 2, Hyblaeoidea—Pyraloidea—Tortricoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera , 3: 31; syn.: purpureofasciata , vehemensaria.

Taxonomic history. Vadata eurymenana was originally described based a male from Rio [de] Janeiro, [ Brazil] without illustration, from Mr. Stevens’ collection. Transferred to Siculodes by Guenée (1877), to Risama by Hampson (1897), and returned to Siculodes by Whalley & Heppner (1995).

Belonoptera purpureofasciata was described with an illustration only of the male [holo] type. Synonymized with S. eurymenanus [sic] by Whalley & Heppner (1995).

Type material. Siculodes eurymenana : A female holotype, not a male as as the author described was found in NHMUK, with the author’s original labels matching the information provided in the original description with the following labels: Vadata eurymenana / Rio / Stevenson Coll. / Type / Holotype / Holotype Vadata eurymenana Walker det. M. Shaffer, 1989 / NHMUK 010921091 /.

Belonoptera purpureofasciata : Gaede (1936) described the species based on one male [holo]type, however, a female [holo]type was found in MSFR, with the author’s original labels matching the information provided in the original description: / Rio de Jan[eiro]. 20.XII.26 W. Marten / Belonoptera purpureofasciata det. M. Gaede / Typus / Senckenb. Mus. / 20 / Fotografiert 2014 H. Thöny /.

Diagnosis. Siculodes eurymenana can be easily distinguished from S. subchalybaea stat. rev. and all its congeners by wings overall light brown as defined dark brown lines on ventral surface and forewing two dark brown oblique stripes on both surfaces as well as on dorsal surface with two longitudinal patches, one brown and other light pink ( Figs 3A–D ). In addition, by combination of the following characters: i) saccular margin protruded mesally ( Fig. 14C ) and ii) ductus bursae uniformly tubular ( Fig. 20 ).

Redescription. Forewing: length—male 15.0–18.0 mm (n = 3), female 17.0–25.0 mm (n = 19); apex less pronounced in females; outer margin sinuous, more rounded in females; retinaculum above CuA; two dark brown oblique stripes on both surfaces, extending between costal and inner margin, discal thicker, narrowing towards tinner margin, postdiscal nearly uniformly thin, expanding smoothly towards apex; dorsal surface with two longitudinal patches, one brown along costal margin, expanding from base to near apex, and other light pink along inner margin, from base to tornus.

Hindwing: length—male 10.0–15.0 mm (n = 3), female 11.0–18.0 mm (n = 19); one discal oblique dark brown stripe on both surfaces extending between middle of costal margin to middle of inner margin, as a continuation of discal stripe on forewing.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 14 ): tegumen with convex anterior margin in dorsal view; saccus rounded in lateral view; uncus with a small elevation forming lateral lobes; gnathos funnel-shaped in posterior view; valva proximal portion more sclerotized, ventral margin sinuous; fultura inferior S-shaped, with sinuous arms and rounded ends; aedeagus curved downwards distally, dorsal opening for ductus ejaculatorius oval, and vesica with thin cornuti.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 20 ): tergite VIII rectangular in lateral view; anterior and posterior apophyses equally long; antrum sclerotized, ductus bursae membranous portion uniformly tubular and fifteen times longer than antrum, signum rounded similar to blowfish when inflated ( Fig. 30 ); papilla analis as long as wide.

Geographic distribution ( Fig. 43 ). BRAZIL: Mato Grosso: Chapada dos Guimarães. Goiás: Campinaçu, Fazenda Barra Mansa. Minas Gerais: Passa Quatro, Fazenda dos Campos . Espírito Santo: Santa Leopoldina, Boquerão , Tirol. Rio de Janeiro: Guapimirim, Barreira ; Rio de Janeiro, Tijuca. Paraná: Rolândia. Santa Catarina : Lages; São Bento do Sul. Rio Grande do Sul: Maquiné, B. de Ouro, A. Forgueta; Morro Reuter, Fazenda Padre Eterno; Novo Hamburgo. PARAGUAY: Guairá: Villarrica.

Natural history. Immature stages and host plant unknown. Based on label information the species occurs both in the Atlantic Forest and in the Cerrado, adults were caught in February, September, and December.

Examined material (8 ♂, 25 ♀).

BRAZIL: Mato Grosso: Chapada dos Guimarães , 1 ♀, 26.X.1993, 800m, V. O. Becker leg., VOB 89071 ( VOB) . Goiás: Campinaçu, Fazenda Barra Mansa , 1 ♀, X.1973, Tangerini leg., DZ 39.304 ( DZUP) . Minas Gerais: Passa Quatro, Fazenda dos Campos , 1 ♀, 16.XI.1921, J. F. Zikán leg. ( CEIO) . Espiríto Santo: Santa Leopoldina, Boquerão , 1 ♀, II.1998, 600m, H. Thöny leg., MWM 19.168 ( MWM) , Tirol , 1 ♀, 22–31.X.1996, 1 ♀, X.1999, 700m, 24°75’S 40°50’W, H. Thöny leg., MWM 36.273 ( MWM) . Rio de Janeiro: 1 ♀ (Holotype of Vadata eurymenana ), NHMUK 010921091 ( NHMUK) , 1 ♂, D’Almeida leg., DZ 39.238 ( DZUP) , 1 ♀ ([Holo]type of Belonoptera purpureofasciata ), 20.XII.1926, W. Marten leg. ( MSFR) , 1 ♀ ( USNM), 2 ♀, 1931, J. G. Fötterle leg. ( NHMV) ; Guapimirim, Barreira, 1 ♀, 13.IX.1955, 1 ♀, 14.IX.1955, Gagarin leg., DZ 39.296, DZ 39.218 ( DZUP) ; Rio de Janeiro, Tijuca , 1 ♀, XII.1923 ( MNRJ) . Paraná: Rolândia, 1 ♂, IX.1950, B. Pohl leg. ( MZUSP) . Santa Catarina : Lages, 1 ♀ ( MSFR) ; São Bento do Sul, 1 ♀, Ivo Rank leg. ( IR) . Rio Grande do Sul: Maquiné, Barra de Ouro, A. Forgueta , 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 4–5.XI.2005, 150m, A. Moser leg., CLAM 101 ( CLAM), DZ 34.108 ( DZUP) ; Morro Reuter, Fazenda Padre Eterno, 500 m, 1 ♀, 26.IX.1982, 1 ♀, 24.X.1992, 1 ♀, 15.XI.1998, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 15.XI.2003, 1 ♀, 1 ♀, 13.XII.2003, 2 ♀, 12–15.XI.2005, 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 29.XI.2005, 1 ♂, 16–18.XI.2006, 1 ♂, 23–25.XI.2017, A. Moser leg., CLAM 101 ( CLAM), DZ 39.481 , DZ 39.391 , DZ 39.431 , DZ 39.231 , DZ 34.078 ( DZUP) ; Novo Hamburgo, 1 ♀, C. Erti leg. ( ZSM) .

PARAGUAY: Guairá: Villarrica, 1 ♂, XII.1923, Jörgensen leg. ( USNM) .

Figures

FIGURE 3. Adults of Siculodes in dorsal (A and C) and ventral (B and D) views. Depositories of the specimens: 3A–B in DZUP (DZ 39.231); 3C–D in DZUP (DZ 39.481). Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIGURE 43. Geographic distribution of Siculodes in central-southeastern South America.

FIGURES 12–14. Male genitalia of Siculodes. 12. S. aurorula from Brazil, Santa Catarina, Joinville (DZ 39.286). 13. S. avicula from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Cachoeiras de Macacu (Valério - Rio Souza) (DZ 39.386). 14. S. eurymenana from Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Morro Reuter (Fazenda Padre Eterno) (DZ 34.078). A) posterior view. B) lateral view. C) inner view of valva. D) dorsal view of tegumen and uncus. E) dorsal view of aedeagus. F) lateral view of aedeagus. G) cornuti. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 18–20. Female genitalia of Siculodes in lateral view. 18. S. aurorula from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Petrópolis (Independência) (DZ 39.458). 19. S. avicula from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Guapimirim, (Barreira) (NHMUK 010921100). 20. S. eurymenana from Brazil, Goiás, Campinaçu (Fazenda Barra Mansa) (DZ 39.304). Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 28–33. Signa of Siculodes. 28. S. aurorula from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Petrópolis (Independência) (DZ 39.458). 29. S. avicula from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Guapimirim (Barreira) (NHMUK 010921100). 30. S. eurymenana from Brazil, Goiás, Campinaçu (Fazenda Barra Mansa) (DZ 39.304). 31. S. satellifera, holotype from Brazil, Minas Gerais,Araguari (MSFR). Scale bar = 1 mm. 32. S. straminula from Brazil, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio Brilhante (VOB 30206). 33. S. subchalybaea stat. rev. from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Guapimirim (Barreira) (DZ 39.294). Scale bar = 0,5 mm.