Archimediella abundans ( Handmann, 1882 ) Harzhauser & Landau, 2019

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard, 2019, Turritellidae (Gastropoda) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea with considerations about turritellid genera, Zootaxa 4681 (1), pp. 1-136 : 26-28

Archimediella abundans ( Handmann, 1882) new comb.

Figs 6G , 7 A–B, 10C, 10D 1 –D 2, 10E 1 –E 2, 10F 1 –F 2

Turritella Archimedis Brong. — Hörnes, 1855: 424, pl. 43, figs 13–14 a [non Turritella archimedis Brongniart, 1823 ].

Turritella (Oligodia) Archimedis Brong. forma typica — Handmann, 1882: 216.

[ Turritella (Oligodia) Archimedis Brong. ] var. quadricarinata— Handmann, 1882: 217 [non Turritella quadricarinata ( Brocchi, 1814) ].

[ Turritella (Oligodia) Archimedis Brong. ] var. dissoluta— Handmann, 1882: 217.

* [ Turritella (Oligodia) Archimedis Brong. ] var. abundans— Handmann, 1882: 217.

[ Turritella (Oligodia) Archimedis Brong. ] var. laevigata— Handmann, 1882: 217 [non Turritella laevigata Deshayes in Leymerie, 1842 ].

[ Turritella (Oligodia) Archimedis Brong. ] var. striata— Handmann, 1882: 217 [ Turritella striata Schumacher, 1817 ].

[ Turritella (Oligodia) Archimedis Brong. ] var. inversa— Handmann, 1882: 217.

Turritella Archimedis Brong. — Handmann, 1888: 19, pl. 4, fig. 43 [non Turritella archimedis Brongniart, 1823 ].

Turritella Archimedis Brong. — Friedberg, 1909: 256, pl. 2, figs 11–12 [non Turritella archimedis Brongniart, 1823 ].

Turritella erronea Cossm. — Cossmann in Friedberg, 1914: 335, pl. 19, fig. 23.

Turritella bicarinata Eichw. — Toula, 1918: 450, pl. 27, fig. 18 [non Oligodia bicarinata Eichwald, 1830 )].

[ Turritella erronea Cossm. ] forma infratricincta— Friedberg, 1938: 90, text-fig. 25.

Turritella (Archimediella) cochlias Bayan — Langer, 1938: 354 [non Turritella cochlias Bayan, 1873 ].

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea Cossmann — Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1956: 431, pl. 2, figs 11–12.

Turritella archimedis Brong. — Eremija, 1959: plate cations, pl. 2, fig. 13 [non Turritella archimedis Brongniart, 1823 ].

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea Cossm. — Báldi, 1960: 58.

Turritella (Torculoidella) erronea Cossmann in Friedberg, 1914 — Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov, 1960: 115, pl. 32, figs 16–17.

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea Cossm. — Sieber, 1953: 186.

Turritella (Torculoidella) erronea Cossmann — Moisescu, 1955a: 123, pl. 10, figs 13, 16–17.

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea Cossm. — Sieber, 1956: 238.

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea e. Cossm. — Sieber, 1958b: 147.

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea erronea Cossm. — Sieber, 1960: 252, pl. 2, fig. 8, pl. 3, fig. 8/16.

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea Cossmann — Marinescu, 1961: 527, pl. 4, fig. 14.

Turritella thetis erronea Cossmann, 1915 — Strausz, 1966: 88, pl. 2, figs 15–17, pl. 78, fig. 1.

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea erronea Cossmann in Friedberg, 1914 — Hinculov, 1968: 133, pl. 31, fig. 16.

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea dertonatior ( Sacco, 1895) — Hinculov, 1968: 133, pl. 31, fig. 17.

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea Cossmann — Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1969: 19, pl. 2, fig. 8.

Turritella erronea Cossmann — Eremija, 1971a: 70, pl. 6, fig. 7.

Turritella thetis erronea Cossmann, 1915 — Nicorici & Sagatovici, 1973: 163, pl. 23, figs 9–10.

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea Cossmann, 1912 — Bohn-Havas, 1973: 1041, pl. 3, fig. 22.

Turritella (Archimediella) thetis erronea Cossmann, 1915 — Steininger et al., 1973: 402, pl. 3, fig. 13.

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea erronea Cossmann in Friedberg, 1914 — Bałuk, 1975: 111, pl. 12, figs 17–18.

Turritella (Torculoidella) bicarinata Eichwald, 1830 — Fotescu, 1976: 114, fig. 15 [non Oligodia bicarinata ( Eichwald, 1830) ]. Turritella (Torculoidella) erronea erronea Cossmann in Friedberg, 1914 — Švagrovský, 1981: 129, pl. 39, figs 2–4.

Turritella (Archimediella) cf. thetis d’Orbigny, 1852 — Mikuž, 1983: 117, fig. 3.

Turritella (Torculoidella) erronea erronea Cossmann in Friedberg, 1914 — Atanacković, 1985: 96, pl. 22, figs 1–3.

Archimediella Archimediella [sic] erronea erronea Cossmann — Stürmer, 1989: 131 , pl. 6, figs 1–5, pl. 11, figs 5, 10, pl. 12, fig. 11.

Turritella (Archimediella) erronea erronea Cossmann — Schultz, 1998: 56, pl. 21, fig. 10.

Turritella erronea Cossmann in Friedberg — Landau et al., 2004: 15, pl. 2, figs. 9–10, pl. 3, fig. 5

Turritella (Archimediella) cf. thetis d’Orbigny, 1852 — Mikuž, 2009: 11, pl. 2, fig. 21.

Turritella (Archimediella) archimedis ( Brongniart, 1823) — Caze et al., 2010: 33, figs 5E–F.

Turritella erronea Cossmann in Friedberg, 1914 — Popa et al., 2014: 8, pl. 1, fig. 7.

non Turritella (Archimediella) Archimedis Brong. — Schaffer, 1912: 163, pl. 53, figs 11–12 [= Helminthia taurobrocchii ( Sacco, 1895) ].

non Turritella (Archimediella) tethys [sic] d’Orb. — Kókay, 1996: 455, pl. 1, fig. 9.

Type material. The syntypes of Handmann (1882) are lost. Therefore, we designate specimen NHMW 1846/0037/0393 from the Badenian of Steinebrunn ( Austria) as neotype. This specimen was already illustrated by Hörnes (1855, pl. 43, fig. 13) as Turritella archimedis .

Studied material. 8 spec. NHMW 2013/0479/0771, 28 spec. NHMW 1997z0178/1363, 8 spec. NHMW 1989/0037/0002, Gainfarn ( Austria) ; 1 spec. NHMW 1864/0001/0096, Baden ( Austria) ; 8 spec. NHMW 2018/0194/0002 (A 1311), 1 spec. NHMW 1846/0037/0393, 18 spec. NHMW 1846/0037/0394, 5 spec. NHMW 2018/0194/0003, 25 spec. NHMW 2018/0194/0004, 55 spec. NHMW 1884/0037/2886, Steinebrunn ( Austria) ; 10 spec. NHMW 1866/0001/1156, Forchtenau ( Austria) ; 12 spec. NHMW 1861/0040/0385, Rousínov ( Czech Republic) ; 11 spec. NHMW 1860/0001/0275, Hlohovec (= Bischofswart) ( Czech Republic) ; 2 spec. NHMW 2018/0203/0001, Mikulov ( Czech Republic) ; 18 spec. NHMW 1861/0033/0060, Bujtur ( Romania) ; 8 spec. NHMW 1869/0019/0204, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; 2 spec. NHMW 2018/0307/0001–NHMW 2018/0307/0002, Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania) .

Illustrated material. Fig. 7A : NHMW 2018/0307/0001, Fig. 7B : NHMW 2018/0307/0001, both, Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania); Figs 10C : NHMW 1846/0037/0393, SL: 75.9 mm, MD: 19.0 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1855, pl. 43, fig. 13); Figs 10D 1 –D 2 :NHMW 1871/0010/0382, SL: 66.8 mm, MD: 16.6 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria) illustrated in Hörnes (1855, pl. 43, fig. 14); Figs10E 1 –E 2 : NHMW 1869/0019/0204, SL: 48.2 mm, MD: 12.3 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania); Figs 10F 1 –F 2 : NHMW 1963/0518/0000, SL: 39.9 mm, MD: 11.3, Steinebrunn ( Austria), illustrated in Sieber (1960, pl. 2, fig. 8).

Revised description. Shell medium-sized, slender, of about 16 teleoconch whorls. Protoconch unknown. Earliest teleoconch whorls with marked keel formed by B spiral cord, followed by onset of initially weaker C spiral cord. Neanic whorls soon bicarinate with two strongly raised sharp spiral keels; B cord usually more prominent resulting in markedly screw-like profile; sutural ramp distinctly concave. Entire shell covered by delicate spiral threads throughout ontogeny. Suture on neanic whorls narrowly incised becoming slightly more pronounced on adult whorls. B and C spiral cords grading into prominent rounded cords on later whorls; t spiral cord may emerge from spiral threads between primaries on 10 th to 12 th teleoconch whorl. Sutural ramp becoming flat to feebly convex usually bearing r and A spiral cords of equal strength or slightly stronger A cord; weak peribasal spiral cord rarely present. Lateral sinus angle moderately steep ranging around 15°, shallow with slight adapical inflection point and a distinct abapical inflection point passing via prosocyrt sinus into weakly opisthocyrt basal sinus; adapical LS p. Base nearly flat with five to six spiral cords with delicate secondary spiral threads. Aperture subcircular, inner lip narrowly reflected, forming narrow umbilical chink; parietal callus thin, narrow. Inner lirae present on late teleoconch whorls, consisting of 7–8 distinct palatal lirae and 1 prominent basal cord in abaxial half.

Color pattern in UV light consisting of moderately broad, opisthocyrt, somewhat irregular dark bands, roughly paralleling growth lines; irregular pattern of light dots on primary and secondary spiral cords (see Caze et al. 2010).

Shell measurements and ratios. Largest nearly complete specimens: SL = 75.9 mm, MD: 19.0; n = 8 nearly complete specimens: SL: μ = 68.3 mm (σ = 5.5 mm), MD: μ = 17.2 mm (σ = 1.57 mm), AA: μ = 17.9° (σ = 1.4°), PA: μ = 12.2° (σ = 0.7°). Lateral sinus (n = 5): LS angle = 15.3° (σ = 1.8°), LS p = 0.85 (σ = 0.1), LS d = 6.3 (σ = 1.5).

Discussion. This species displays some variability in sculpture concerning the presence of the t spiral cord and the strength and number (1–3) of secondary spiral cords on the sutural ramp. In some specimens, B and C spiral cords weaken distinctly on last whorls equaling secondary cords. The protoconch is not preserved in the Paratethyan material studied, but based on specimens from the lower Piacenzian upper Pliocene Estepona Basin of southern Spain it consists of two smooth whorls ( Landau et al. 2004: 16)

The nomenclatural history of this species is complex. Hörnes (1855) identified the middle Miocene specimens from the Vienna Basin as Turritella archimedis Brongniart, 1823 (see discussion above). When describing coeval faunas from Poland, Wilhelm Friedberg (1873 – 1941) recognized that the Paratethyan specimens were not conspecific with Oligocene Turritella archimedis . He communicated with the French paleontologist Maurice Cossmann (1850–1924), who proposed Turritella erronea as new name for the Austrian and Polish specimens in a letter, to which Friedberg (1914) referred when formally describing the new species. However, both authors had overlooked that Handmann (1882) had already provided seven variation names for Turritella archimedis sensu Hörnes (1855) , including short diagnoses. Four of these are preoccupied, but Turritella archimedis dissoluta , T. a. abundans , and T. a. inversa are available names. As first revisers, we chose Archimediella abundans as name for the Paratethyan species ( ICZN, 1999, Art. 24.2.1).

A potential senior synonym of A. abundans is Turritella thetis d’Orbigny (1852) , which has been used occasionally in the Paratethyan literature (e.g. Kókay 1996; Mikuž 1983). Grateloup (1846) referred to Brongniart’s species when illustrating specimens from the Aquitaine Basin in his Atlas as Turritella archimedis var. A and var. B. He listed Miocene occurrences from Saint-Paul-lès-Dax (early Burdigalian), Saint-Jean-de-Marsac (late Burdigalian) and Saubrigues (Langhian) (ages according to Lozouet 1998). D’Orbigny (1852) doubted this identification and introduced Turritella thetis as new name for these French specimens referring to the larger spiral cords (‘ les côtes sont plus grosses ’). Thus, Turritella thetis was not introduced as a replacement name for the preoccupied Turritella archimedis Brongniart, 1823 but only as new name for Grateloup’s specimens. Turritella thetis , as illustrated by Cossmann & Peyrot (1922), is undoubtedly closely related to Archimediella abundans . A syntype of Turritella thetis , from the Burdigalian of Saint-Paul-lès-Dax ( France), stored in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris (MNHN.F. A12667 ; https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/f/item/a12667?lang=fr_FR) differs from the Paratethyan shells especially in the later onset of the prominent B spiral cord. This pattern is also seen in the Pliocene eastern Atlantic Turritella gentili Chavan, 1940 (MNHN.F.B38211) and T. lecointrei Brébion, 1967 (MNHN.F.B38446) (see https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/f/item/b38446?listIndex=118 and https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/f/item/b38211 for high resolution pictures). Landau et al. (2004) discussed that these Pliocene taxa might represent a genuine Atlantic species (or species flock). Archimediella thetis might be ancestral to these species.

Glibert (1962) treated the Paratethyan species as Turritella subarchimedis d’Orbigny, 1852 and listed Turritella erronea (= Archimediella abundans ) as synonym. This view was surely influenced by the (mis)identification of a turritellid from the Tortonian of Cacela ( Portugal) as T. subarchimedis by Dollfus et al. (1903, pl. 29, fig. 10). D’Orbigny (1852), however introduced subarchimedis as replacement name for Turritella archimedis sensu Dubois de Montpéreux (1831 : pl. 2, figs 21–22), which represents a subjective junior synonym of Oligodia bicarinata ( Eichwald, 1830) .

Paleoenvironment. The species seems to have preferred shallow marine, inner neritic and lagoonal environments, partly with sea grass meadows (e.g. Gainfarn, Steinebrunn) ( Zuschin et al. 2007).

Distribution. Central Paratethys. Karpatian (early Miocene): Korneuburg Basin: Kleinebersdorf, Grossrussbach, Karnabrunn ( Austria) ( Sieber 1960); North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Laa/Thaya ( Austria) ( Sieber 1960); Pannonian Basin: Várpalota, Bántapuszta ( Steininger et al. 1973; erroneously as Ottnangian). Badenian (middle Miocene): Carpathian Foreland Basin: Korytnica, Małoszów, Gartatowice, Szczaworyż, Żegociny, Benczyn, Bogucice and Grudna Dolna ( Poland) ( Bałuk 1975); North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Nodendorf, Windpassing, Grund, Braunsdorf ( Austria) ( Sieber 1960), Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic) ( Švagrovský 1981); Vienna Basin: Herrenleis, Pfaffstätten, Möllersdorf, Trauskirchen, Bad Vöslau, Baden Sooss, Baden, Steinebrunn, Enzesfeld, Gainfarn, Vienna (Nussdorf, Grinzing, Ottakring, Pötzleinsdorf), Perchtoldsdorf ( Austria) ( Sieber 1953, 1958b, 1960), Devínska Nová Ves; Borský Mikuláš ( Slovakia), ( Švagrovský 1981, 1982); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau, Marz, Mattersburg ( Sieber 1953, 1960); Pannonian Basin: Pécsszabolcs, Pécsvárad, Várpalota, Szob, Letkés, Szokolya, Nógrádszakál, Márkháza, Mátraverbély, Hidas ( Báldi 1960; Strausz 1966; Bohn-Havas 1973); Krško Basin: Kostanjevica na Krki ( Slovenia) ( Mikuž 2009); southern Pannonian Basin: Jurkovica, Jazovac, Reljevac ( Bosnia and Herzegovina) ( Atanacković 1985); Zarand Basin: Minişul de Sus ( Romania) ( Nicorici & Sagatovici 1973); Transylvanian Basin: Lăpugiu de Sus, Buitur, Coşteiu de Sus, Nemeşeşti ( Caze et al. 2010; Popa et al. 2014); Caransebeş-Mehadia Basin: Valea Bela Reca ( Romania) ( Hinculov 1968); Dacian Basin: Staropatica Prnjavor Basin: Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Eremija 1971a); Opanec, Orehovica ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960). (Proto-) Mediterranean Sea. Late Miocene (Tortonian): Po Basin: Stazzano, San Agata, Montegibbio ( Italy) ( Sacco 1895, 1904); Veneto: Asolo, Rugo Mosegnaz, Romano ( Italy) (Stefanini 1916); Late Pliocene: Western Mediterranean: Estepona ( Spain) ( Landau et al. 2004).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Paleogeography of the Paratethys during the early Miocene (Burdigalian, Eggenburgian, Sakaraulian) and the middle Miocene (Langhian, Badenian, Tarkhanian) (modified after Popov et al. 2004 and Neubauer et al. 2015).

FIGURE 2. Miocene chronostratigraphy after Gradstein et al. (2012) with regional Paratethys stages after Popov et al. (2004) and Piller et al. (2007).

FIGURE 6. Growth line traces of Turritellidae species based on own data; bold: type species of genera; black: Paratethyan species; asterisk: non-Paratethyan species (unknown basal sinuses are left blank).

FIGURE 7. Internal lirae in selected Turritellidae species. A. Archimediella abundans (Handmann, 1882), NHMW 2018/0307/0001, Coşteiu de Sus (Romania). B. Archimediella abundans (Handmann, 1882), NHMW 2018/0307/0002, Coşteiu de Sus (Romania). C. Archimediella carpathica new sp., NHMW 2018/0272/0006, Gainfarn (Austria). D. Archimediella hoernesi (Rolle, 1856), NHMW 2018/0308/0001, Wetzelsdorf (Austria). E. Archimediella hoernesi (Rolle, 1856), NHMW 2018/0308/0002, Wetzelsdorf (Austria). F. Helminthia vermicularis (Brocchi, 1814), NHMW 2018/0272/0007, Gainfarn (Austria). G. Helminthia vermicularis (Brocchi, 1814), NHMW 2018/0181/0010, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). H. Oligodia bicarinata (Eichwald, 1830), NHMW 2018/0272/0008, Gainfarn (Austria); I. Oligodia spirata (Brocchi, 1814), NHMW 2018/0272/0009, Gainfarn (Austria). J. Ptychidia vindobonensis (Handmann, 1882), NHMW 2018/0181/0011, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).

FIGURE 10. A–B. Archimediella cochlias (Bayan, 1873). A1–A4. Sangonini di Lugo (Italy) GBA 2010/152/0055. B. Gnata di Salcedo, GBA 2010/148/0062. C–F. Archimediella abundans (Handmann, 1882). C. Steinebrunn (Austria), NHMW 1846/0037/0393. D1–D2. Steinebrunn (Austria), NHMW 1871/0010/0382. E1–E2. Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania), NHMW 1869/0019/0204. F1–F2. Steinebrunn (Austria), NHMW 1963/0518/0000. G–J. Archimediella hoernesi (Rolle, 1856). G1–G2. Wetzelsdorf-Kreuzschaller (Austria), UMJG&P 61.170. H1–H2. Neotype, Wetzelsdorf-Winkeltoni (Austria), UMJG&P 74.936- 1. I. Wetzelsdorf-Winkeltoni (Austria), UMJG&P 74.936-2. J. Guglitz (Austria), NHMW 1858/0020/0024.