Echo perornata Yu & Hämäläinen, 2012

Yu, Xin & Hämäläinen, Matti, 2012, A description of Echo perornata spec. nov. from Xizang (Tibet), China (Odonata: Calopterygidae), Zootaxa 3218, pp. 40-46 : 40-43

Echo perornata Yu & Hämäläinen , spec. nov.

Figs. 1–8 , 13

Material studied: Holotype 3: China, Xizang [Tibet], Motuo, alt. 850m, 1 vii 1983, Han Yinheng leg. Deposited at Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Paratypes: 13, China, Xizang [Tibet], Motuo, alt. 850m, 2 vii 1980, Jin Gentao & Wu Jianyi leg.; 1 Ƥ, China, Xizang [Tibet], Motuo, alt. 800m, 3 vi 1983, Lin Ran leg.; 1Ƥ, China, Xizang [Tibet], Motuo, alt. 900m, 20 vi 1980, Jin Gentao & Wu Jianyi leg; 1Ƥ, China, Xizang [Tibet], Motuo, alt. 1200m, 16 ix 1979, Jin Gentao & Wu Jianyi leg. The paratypes collected in 1979–1980 are deposited in the Shanghai Entomological Museum, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China and the specimen collected in 1983 is deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Etymology. The Latin adjective perornata means 'very ornate' and refers to the coloured wing pattern, which is the finest in the genus.

Diagnosis. A middle sized Echo species with wings with a brownish apical patch and a brownish transverse band just beyond the nodus.

Description of holotype male ( Fig. 1 ). Head: Labium, labrum and base of mandibles black. Anteclypeus blackish brown; postclypeus shining metallic black with green reflections. Frons and vertex velvety black with hint of green coloration; obscure brown mark just outside each lateral ocellus. Antennae brown-black.

Thorax: Prothorax black with hint of green coloration. Synthorax dull metallic green, not shining. First and second lateral sutures delineated by black bands which encircle the stigma and continue around the metepimeron. Venter of synthorax black, finely pruinose. Legs: blackish brown, finely pruinose.

Both wings hyaline, wing tips pale reddish umber, narrow pale umber band on each wing just distal to nodus ( Fig. 3 ). Venation dark brown. Pterostigma a rounded rhomboid shape in forewing, teardrop shaped in hindwing, pale brown, covering 6–7 underlying cells. Wings narrow; hindwing length/breadth ratio 3.9. Median space with 7– 8 crossveins. Cubital field with 17–18 crossveins in forewing, 16–17 in hindwing. Quadrangle with 7–7 crossveins in forewing, 8–9 in hindwing. Antenodals (the first series) number 38–39 in forewing and 33–35 in hindwing.

Abdomen dark brown, gradually darkening terminally, with the ventral side finely pruinose. Appendages black; cerci forcipate, apex somewhat expanded, a little longer than S10; paraprocts forcipate, as long as S10 ( Figs. 5–6 ). Glans of the genital ligula with a long, narrow, apically bifurcated, Y-shaped median process and a pair of relatively broad, convex downcurved lateral processes. The end of the lateral processes slightly expanded transversely, somewhat T-shaped laterally, both apexes bent outside. Ligula covered with long, stiff setae ( Figs. 7– 8 ).

Measurements (mm): abdomen + appendages 41; hind wing 35.

Variation in paratype male. An incomplete specimen; abdominal segments 4–10 are missing and the wings are partly broken. Colour pattern of body and wings similar to the holotype. Minor differences in venation. Length of hind wing 33 mm.

Description of female ( Fig. 2 ). Colour pattern of head similar to the male, but postclypeus, frons and vertex shining metallic green. Thorax coloured as in male, and the metallic green colour somewhat shining. Legs: deep brown, finely pruinose. Wings ( Fig. 4 ) hyaline, pattern similar to that of male with the brown colour deeper and the brown marking, especially on the tips broader than in male. Pterostigma white, an angulated peardrop shape in both wings, covering 6–7 cells, and distinctly broader than in male. In hindwing the length/breadth ratio is 3.2–3.5. Median space with 5–8 crossveins. Cubital space with 14–17 crossveins in forewing, 15–18 in hindwing. Quadrangle with 7–9 crossveins in forewing, 7–10 in hindwing. Antenodals (the first series) number 29–33 in the forewing and 25–29 in the hindwing.

Abdomen dark brown with the colour deeper than in male, with the ventral side finely pruinose. Appendages black.

Measurements (mm): abdomen + appendages 36–37; hind wing 34–35. Distribution. So far this species is known only from Motuo, in the south-eastern part of Xizang [Tibet], China ( Fig. 13 ).

Figures

FIGURE 13. Distribution map showing the known locations for Echo margarita (circle) and E. perornata spec. nov. (triangle).

FIGURES 1 – 2. Echo perornata spec. nov.; 1) habitus of holotype male; 2) habitus of paratype female.

FIGURES 3 - 4. Echo perornata spec. nov.; 3) wings of holotype male; 4) wings of paratype female.

FIGURES 5 – 6. Echo perornata spec. nov., anal appendages of male; 5) dorsal view; 6) lateral view. Since the appendages are disorted in the teneral holotype specimen, these drawings are reconstructions of the supposed shape.

FIGURES 7 – 10. Penis head, ventral (i. e. when viewed in situ in the male abdomen) and lateral views; 7 – 8) Echo perornata spec. nov., holotype; 9 – 10) Echo m. margarita male from Khasia Hills, Meghalaya, India.