Ipomoea corymbosa

Wood, John R. I., Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo, Williams, Bethany R. M. & Scotland, Robert W., 2020, A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World, PhytoKeys 143, pp. 1-823 : 1

403. Ipomoea corymbosa (L.) Roth ex Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. 4: 232. 1819. (Roemer and Schultes 1819: 232)

Convolvulus corymbosus L., Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 923. 1759. (Linnaeus 1759a: 923). Type. Icon in Burman, Pl. Amer. Plum. t. 89 f. 2, 1756, lectotype, designated by Stearn 1974: 7ff.).

Turbina corymbosa (L.) Raf., Fl. Tel. 4: 81. 1838. (Rafinesque 1838a: 81).

Rivea corymbosa (L.) Hallier f., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 18 (1-2): 157.1894[pub.1893]. (Hallier 1893b: 157).

Legendrea corymbosa (L.) Ooststr., Blumea 5 (4): 355. 1943. (Ooststroom 1943: 355).

Ipomoea burmanii Choisy in A.P. de Candolle , Prodr. 9: 350. 1845. (Choisy1845: 350), nom. illeg. superfl. Type. Based on Convolvulus corymbosus L.

Convolvulus domingensis Desr. in Lam. Encycl. 3: 554. 1792 [dated1789]. (Desrousseaux 1792 554). Type. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC or HAITI. Saint Dominigue, Mazure (lectotype P03538776, designated here).

Quamoclit domingensis (Desr.) M. Gomez , Fl. Habana 346. 1899 [pub.1897]. ( Gómez de la Maza y Jiménez 1897: 346).

Ipomoea domingensis (Desr.) House , Muhlenbergia 3: 38 1907. (House 1907a: 38).

Convolvulus laevicaulis Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. , Syst. Veg. 4: 303. 1819. (Roemer and Schultes 1819: 303). Type. VENEZUELA. Cumana, Humboldt & Bonpland s.n. (holotype B-W03705-010; isotype P).

Convolvulus prolifer Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. , Syst. Veg. 4: 302. 1819. (Roemer and Schultes 1819: 302). Type. VENEZUELA. Caracas, Humboldt & Bonpland s.n. (syntype B-W) & Cult. in Teneriffa, Willdenow s.n. (syntype B-W03698-010).

Convolvulus sidifolius Kunth Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 99. 1818 [pub.1819]. (Kunth 1819: 99). Type. VENEZUELA. Sucre, Cumana, Humboldt & Bonpland 1226 (lectotype P00670745, designated by Austin and Staples (1991: 273); isolectotype B-W).

Ipomoea sidifolia (Kunth) Sweet, Hort. Brit. , ed. 2: 372. 1830. (Sweet 1830: 372).

Convolvulus multiflorus Kunth , Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 100. 1818 [pub. 1819]. (Kunth 1819: 100). Type. CUBA. La Habana, Humboldt & Bonpland 1306 (holotype P00670746, isotypes P).

Ipomoea cymosa Lindl. , Edwards's Bot. Reg. 29: t. 24. 1843. (Lindley 1843: t. 24), nom. illeg., non Ipomoea cymosa (Desr.) Roem. & Schult. (1819) . Type. Cultivated plant of unknown origin, apparently not preserved, lectotype t. 24 in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29 (1843), designated here.

Ipomoea antillana Millsp., Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. , 2(1): 84-85. 1900. (Millspaugh 1900: 84). Type. Based on Ipomoea cymosa Lindl.

Legendrea mollissima Webb & Berthel., Histoire Naturelle des Îles Canaries 2 (3): 27, t. 137. 1844 (Webb and Berthelot 1844-50: 27). Type. CANARY ISLANDS. Gran Canaria, Despreaux s.n. (holotype FI-Webb).

Rivea corymbosa var. mollissima (Webb & Berthel.) Hallier f., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 18: 157. 1894 [pub.1893]. (Hallier 1893b: 157).

Legendrea corymbosa var. mollissima (Webb & Berthel.) Ooststr. , Blumea 5 (4): 355. 1943. (Ooststroom 1943: 355).

Turbina corymbosa forma mollissima (Webb & Berthel.) Stearn, Cuadernos de Botanica Canaria 21: 12. 1974. (Stearn 1974: 12).

Rivea corymbosa var. paniculata Hassl. , Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg.9: 151. 1911 (Hassler 1911: 151). Type. PARAGUAY. Amambay. T. Rojas in Hassler 10538 (lectotype G00175662, designated here; isolectotypes A, BM, G, K, NY, P, S).

Type.

Based on Convolvulus corymbosus L.

Description.

Liana climbing to about 7 m over shrubs and small trees; stems woody, usually glabrous. Leaves petiolate, 4-10 × 3-9 cm, ovate, cordate with rounded auricles, narrowed to an obtuse, shortly mucronate apex, glabrous or (rarely) pubescent, abaxially paler; petioles 2-5 cm. Inflorescence of lax compound cymes terminal on the main stem and on lateral branchlets 5-20 cm long; secondary peduncles 1-5 cm; bracteoles c. 2 mm, scale-like; pedicels 7-17 mm; sepals slightly unequal, oblong, obtuse, nearly completely scarious, glabrous, outer 10-11 mm, inner 11-14 mm; corolla 2.5-3 cm long, campanulate, cream with dark centre and yellow midpetaline bands, glabrous, limb c. 1.5-2 cm diam. Capsules narrowly ovoid, 11-14 × 3-4 mm, glabrous, style persistent; seeds 1-2, 4-5 mm diam., subglobose, tomentose.

Illustration.

Bosser and Heine (2000: 57) as Turbina corymbosa ; Figures 9F , 190C .

Distribution.

Widespread throughout tropical America and introduced into the Old World but of uncertain status in several countries. It is locally frequent in disturbed bushy places usually near settlements at altitudes below about 1200 m but uncommon in much of South America, apparently absent from the Guianas and many Caribbean Islands, almost so from Paraguay and with few records in Colombia and Brazil. This patchy distribution suggests that it is not native throughout all of its range.

PARAGUAY. Amambay: type of Rivea corymbosa var. paniculata ).

BRAZIL. Bahía: Pinheiro 1265 (RB). Minas Gerais: A. Macedo 2479 (BM, S). Pará: J.M. Pires 12423 (RB). Paraná: G. Hatschbach 17082 (MBM). Rio de Janeiro: J.R. Mattos 145 (RB). São Paulo: M.R. Pietrobom-Silva 3402 (IPA). Also Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul & Espirito Santo fide Flora do Brasil (2020).

BOLIVIA. Beni: Est. Biológica del Beni, J. Balderrama 417 (USZ). Cochabamba: Carrasco, Valle de Sajta, Naessaeny 67 (LPB). La Paz: Madidi, L. Cayola et al. 886 (LPB, MA, MO, USZ). Santa Cruz: Ibañez, I. Linneo 1161 (MO, OXF, USZ); Ñuflo de Chávez, J.R.I. Wood & D. Soto 27940 (OXF, LPB, USZ); Warnes, M. Nee 45160 (K, LPB, MO, NY, USZ).

PERU. Cusco: C. Vargas 16293 (CUZ). Huánuco: F. Woytkowski 5394 (MO, P); E. Asplund 12397 (S). Junín: fide McPherson (1993). Loreto: Ule 6872 (K). Pasco: J. Flores & M. Chuco 924 (USM). Madre de Dios: Tambopata, E. Succli & I. Huamantupa 1967 (M). Puno: P. & P.C. Muñoz 5152 (CUZ). San Martin: R. Spruce 3931 (BM, K). Tumbes: A. Gentry & C. Díaz 58290 (MO). Ucayali: A. Gentry & M. Horna 29373 (MO).

ECUADOR. Loja: Pindal, F. Vivar & B. Merino 2124 (LOJA).

COLOMBIA. Atlántico: A. Dugand 4063 (COL). Magdalena: H.H. Smith 1623 (BM, COL, K, S).

VENEZUELA. Bolívar: W.A. Díaz 3110 (MO). Dist. Fed.: T. Croat 21573 (MO). Falcón: T. Brown 18 (K). Lara: L. Aristegueita 4937 (MO). Miranda: H. Pittier 11429 (K). Portuguesa: H. Pittier 12034 (MO). Sucre: Humboldt & Bonpland 1226 (P).

PANAMA. J.A. Duke 15410 (MO).

COSTA RICA. Espinoza 138 (BM, K, MO); A. Tonduz 8639 (BM).

NICARAGUA. F. Ortíz 1674 (MO); A.D. Moore 2108 (BM).

HONDURAS. A. Molina 25925 (BM).

EL SALVADOR. J.M. Tucker 811 (K, UC); A. Munro & K. Sidwell 2784 (BM).

BELIZE. W.A. Schipp 1128 (BM, K, S); P.H. Gentle 1838 (K, MICH).

GUATEMALA. Bartlett 321 (S); R. Tun Ortíz 805 (BM, F).

MEXICO. Campeche: Soto & Alvarez 22691 (K, MEXU). Chiapas: G. Aguilar et al. 417 (BM, MEXU). Est. México & Dist. Fed.: E. Bourgeau 1265 (K, P, S); Temascaltepec, G.B. Hinton 2276 (BM, K, MO). Guerrero: Y. Mexia 8902 (S). Hidalgo: G. Cruz 2239 (K). Jalisco: C.G. Pringle 4549 (BM, MO, S). Michoacán: G.B. Hinton 13212 (K, S). Nayarit: Y. Mexia 812 (BM). Oaxaca: E. Pérez-García & B. Reyes 937 (MO). Querétaro: P. Tenorio & C. Romero 2286 (K). Quintana Roo: E. Cabrera & H. Álvarez 1620 (BM). San Luis Potosí: C. Guzmán 3283 (K). Sinaloa: D.E. Breedlove 35628 (MO). Tabasco: A. Novelo et al. 145 (BM, K, MEXU). Tamaulipas: Tampico, E. Palmer 82 (BM, US). Veracruz: J.I. Calzada 875 (K, MEXU); M. Botteri 557 (BM). Yucatán: G.F. Gaumer 2052 (BM, S).

UNITED STATES. Florida: H. Moldenke 428 (S); D.S. Correll 47693 (BM, Fairchild); North Carolina: L. Kitching s.n. [15/9/1906] (BM).

BERMUDA. Fide Britton (1918).

BAHAMAS. A.E. Wright 13 (K); A.H. Curtiss 10 (BM, P).

CUBA. C. Wright 1655 (P); Bro. Alain 9653 (HAC); C.F. Baker s.n. [14 Nov. 1904] (HAGB); H. van Hermann 304 (BM, NY, P).

JAMAICA. Prior 588 (K); W.R. Robertson 755 (K); W. Stearn 283 (BM).

HAITI. E.L. Ekman H7220 (S); L.R. Holdridge 886 (BM).

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. E.L. Ekman H1111 (K, S); E.J. Valeur 282 (S); Barahona, M. Fuertes 1416 (P).

PUERTO RICO. C.M. Taylor & S. Miller 10408 (K, MO); R.J. Wagner 1085 (BM).

LESSER ANTILLES. Nevis: G.R. Proctor 19310 (BM). Antigua: H.E. Box 1202 (BM). Montserrat: R.A. Howard 19673 (BM). Guadeloupe: A. Duss 4179 (MO). Martinique: fide Powell (1979). St Lucia: Velez 3310 (K). Barbados: McIntosh 184a (P).

TRINIDAD. Fide Hill and Sandwith (1953). Tobago: W.E.Broadway 24/2/1913 (BM, P).

Typification.

The protologue of Convolvulus domingensis simply states that the plant was collected in Sainte Dominique and was kept in the Jussieu herbarium. P03538776 appears to be the only possible specimen that fits these specifications and is here selected as lectotype. P00391965 cannot be part of the material seen by Desrousseaux as it was collected by Poiteau, who first arrived in Hispaniola some years after Convolvulus domingensis was published.

Note.

A conspicuously woody liana with a campanulate corolla and oblong scarious sepals, the inflorescence often subracemose or corymbose in appearance. The ripe fruit is distinctive as the sepals are persistent, become papery and spread outwards so aiding dispersal by the wind. The seeds have hallucinogenic properties (Stearn 1976). Ipomoea corymbosa can be confused with Ipomoea reticulata which has similar coloured flowers and grows in similar habitats but the sepals of I. reticulata are elliptic, less than 8 mm long.

Figures

Figure 9. Pollen of Ipomoea species. A I. hieronymi (Wood et al. 28055) B I. wolcottiana (Hughes et al. 1911) C I. bonariensis (Wood et al. 27871) D I. bahiensis (Queiroz 15975) E I. maurandioides (Krapovickas & Cristobal 1573) F I. corymbosa (Jurgensen 612) G I. sericosepala (Wood 28122) H I. tiliifolia (Beddome 5581). Photos by Robert Scotland.

Figure 190. Photographs of Ipomoea species. A I. tiliifolia B I. rubens C I. corymbosa D I. ochracea E I. peruviana F I. echinocalyx. A http: // tropical. theferns. info / B John Pink C John Wood D Starr Environmental E Maira Martinez F John Wood.