Geastrum suae Z.Q. Zhang C.H. Li & Z.L. Luo, 2023

Zhang, Zheng-Quan, Li, Chao-Hai, Li, Lin, Shen, Hong-Wei, He, Jun, Su, Xi-Jun & Luo, Zong-Long, 2023, Geastrum suae sp. nov. (Geastraceae, Basidiomycota) a new species from Yunnan Province, China, Biodiversity Data Journal 11, pp. 99027-99027 : 99027

Geastrum suae Z.Q. Zhang C.H. Li & Z.L. Luo sp. nov.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: recordNumber: SJ582; recordedBy: Zheng-Quan Zhang; occurrenceID: 6D676216-9572-5A8D-A7C3-4C445C671395; Taxon : scientificName: Geastrum suae; kingdom: Fungi ; phylum: Basidiomycota ; class: Agaricomycetes ; order: Geastrales ; family: Geastraceae ; genus: Geastrum ; Location : verbatimElevation: 2160 m; locationRemarks: China, Yunnan Province, Dali City , Cangshan Mountain ; verbatimLatitude: 25°43′36.97″N; verbatimLongitude: 100°07′16.46″E; Event : year: 2020; month: September ; day: 4; habitat: Terrestrial ; fieldNotes: grows in groups on the ground in mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, with thick humus; Record Level : type: KUN-HKAS 123795 Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordNumber: MB015; recordedBy: Chao-Hai Li; occurrenceID: F58D4D0C-33BB-541B-A92B-7AF436F12F49; Taxon : scientificName: Geastrum suae; kingdom: Fungi ; phylum: Basidiomycota ; class: Agaricomycetes ; order: Geastrales ; family: Geastraceae ; genus: Geastrum ; Location : verbatimElevation: 2221 m; locationRemarks: China, Yunnan Province, Dali City , Cangshan Mountain ; verbatimLatitude: 25°40′16.38″N; verbatimLongitude: 100°09′08.42″E; Event : year: 2020; month: October ; day: 14; habitat: Terrestrial ; fieldNotes: grows in groups on the ground in mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, with thick humus; Record Level : type: KUN-HKAS 123796 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordNumber: SJ2501; recordedBy: K. Wang; occurrenceID: 9213A508-19C3-5A9C-8E34-8DCDD9D4C170; Taxon: scientificName: Geastrum suae; kingdom: Fungi; phylum: Basidiomycota; class: Agaricomycetes; order: Geastrales; family: Geastraceae; genus: Geastrum; Location: verbatimElevation: 2208 m; locationRemarks: China, Yunnan Province, Dali City, Cangshan Mountain; verbatimLatitude: 25°40′28″N; verbatimLongitude: 100°08′59″E; Event : year: 2021; month: September ; day: 3; habitat: Terrestrial ; fieldNotes: grows in groups on the ground in mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, with thick humus; Record Level : type: KUN-HKAS 123793 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordNumber: SJ2500; recordedBy: G. H. Yang; occurrenceID: CE65C858-1CD7-53B3-B545-F1750391FB8E; Taxon: scientificName: Geastrum suae; kingdom: Fungi; phylum: Basidiomycota; class: Agaricomycetes; order: Geastrales; family: Geastraceae; genus: Geastrum; Location: verbatimElevation: 2350 m; locationRemarks: China, Yunnan Province, Yangbi County, Cangshan Mountain; verbatimLatitude: 25°41′59″N; verbatimLongitude: 100°02′00″; Event : year: 2021; month: October ; day: 1; habitat: Terrestrial ; fieldNotes: grows in groups on the ground in mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, with thick humus; Record Level : type: KUN-HKAS 123794

Description

Unexpanded basidiomata 13-28 mm, cylindrical to ellipsoidal, very light grey (#fdfdfd) to very pale red (#ffe6e6) with a slight protrusion, rough. Expanded basidiomata height 35-70 mm, diameter 18-37 mm, deep saccate, Exoperidium splitting into 6, arched, not hygrometric, prosthecae length 23-35 mm, diameter 5-13 mm, exoperidium attached to the rhizomorphs. Rhizomorphs with 0.1-5.4 μm hyphae, fibrous and transparent, white (#ffffff). Mycelial layer 49.5-59.0 μm, consisting of transparent hyphae (1.0-3.5 μm) with thin walls and no septum, curved. Fibrous layer 6.5-16.5 μm, transparent, curved, thick-walled hyphae (1.1-5.0 μm) smooth, transparent to cream (#fffdd0), pure red (#e60000) to dark red (#9a0000) when stained with Congo red. Pseudoparenchymatous layer 2.5-19.3 × 2.7-30.4 μm, irregular shape, mycelium is transparent when fresh, pure orange (#ffa500) to moderate pink (#cc6691) when stained with Congo red, the thickness of the pseudoparenchyma layer is about 1.0-1.3 mm, very soft pink (#d98ca0). Endoperidial body 11-23 mm, globose, sessile, very light grey (#dfdfdf) to dark grey (#a0a0a0), with lighter reticulation. Endoperidial surface with some protruding hyphae, endoperidium is interwoven by transparent hyphae, fibrous. Peristome fibrillose, unpleated, wide conical, with obvious oral margin ring. Columella obvious very light grey (#f4f4f4 to #e0e0e0). Eucapillitium hyphae 1.0-5.5 μm, thick-walled, with distinct cavities, smooth, the ends tapering and are bluntly rounded (Fig. 1 ).

Basidiospores globose

Holotype (40/2/1) 4.5-5.3-6.0 × (4.5)5.0-5.4-6.0 μm, Q = (0.80)0.83-1.12(1.14), Qm= 0.98 ± 0.08, n = 40, including spines truncated at the apex ornamentation, with 0.2-0.5 µm high warts, ornamentation isolated or coalescing crest-like warts. Basidia not observed.

Diagnosis

Geastrum suae is characterised by long stipes and larger basidiomata; Pseudoparenchymatous layer is pink, smooth; globose endoperidial body, grey; the ends of eucapillitium hyphae taper and are bluntly rounded; and they live in groups.

Etymology

The species is named Geastrum suae (Lat.), in memory of the Chinese mycologist Prof. Hong-Yan Su, who kindly helped the authors in many ways and sadly passed away on 3 May 2022 during the preparation of the current paper.

Habit

It grows in groups on the ground in mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests where there are Alnus nepalensis and Pinus yunnanensis , with thick humus. Currently, it is known only from Cangshan Mountain.

Figures

Figure 1. Geastrum suae (KUN-HKAS 123795, holotype). a fresh unexpanded fruiting bodies; b, c fresh mature fruiting bodies; d mycelial layer, fibrous layer and pseudoparenchymatous layer; e hyphae of mycelial layer; f pseudoparenchymatous layer (cells in the stack); g, h eucapillitium hyphae; i-k basidiospores (LM); l-n basidiospores (SEM). Scale bars: a = 10 mm; b, c, e = 20 mm; d = 80 μm; f, g, i-k = 10 μm; h = 70 μm; l = 1 μm; m, n = 500 nm.