Stenohya papillata, Zhao & Guo & Zhang, 2024

Zhao, Jiaqi, Guo, Xiangbo & Zhang, Feng, 2024, Three new Stenohya species with sexually dimorphic leg I from China (Pseudoscorpiones, Neobisiidae), ZooKeys 1204, pp. 105-133 : 105-133

Stenohya papillata sp. nov.

Figs 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 Chinese name. 乳突狭伪蝎

Type material.

Holotype male (Ps. - MHBU - HN 2023111909 ), China: Hunan Province, Suining County, Ganchong Village [26 ° 29 ' 59 " N, 110 ° 08 ' 01 " E], 460 m a. s. l., 19 November 2023, in leaf litter (Fig. 8 C, D ), Jiaqi Zhao, Jianzhou Sun, Tao Zheng & Songtao Shi leg. Paratypes: two males (Ps. - MHBU - HN 2023111910–11 ), three females (Ps. - MHBU - HN 2023111912–14 ), same data as for holotype .

Etymology.

The specific name is derived from the Latin word “ papillatus ” and refers to the presence of a papillary projection on the ventral face of the pedipalpal chela hand in male.

Diagnosis.

Carapace with four well-developed eyes, epistome triangular (Figs 9 A , 10 A , 11 A , 12 A ). Male pedipalpal trochanter with a small process and small frosted projections on the median prolateral position; femur with several big tubercles and a projection on the prolateral position, a few small tubercles at the retrolateral surface; patella with a triangular protuberance on the prolateral position (Figs 9 G , 10 E ); chelal hand concaved distally at the dorsal side, with 30–33 triangular spinous apophyses on the dorsal side and a papillary projection at the median of ventral side (Figs 9 H , 10 C ). Male leg I femur and patella enlarged and basitarsus and telotarsus semi-fused (Figs 9 I , 10 F ). Female pedipalpal fixed chelal finger with 99–102 teeth; pedipalpal femur 4.76–4.98 times longer than wide.

Description.

Adult male (holotype and male paratypes) (Figs 7 A , 8 A ).

Carapace (Figs 9 A , 10 A ). Carapace 1.23–1.36 times longer than broad, with a total of 36–37 setae, including six near anterior margin and 6–7 near posterior margin; five lyrifissures near the eyes, four lyrifissures near posterior margin; epistome small, triangular, with rounded apex; four well-developed eyes; carapace divided into three parts by two transverse, shallow grooves, the anterior part uplifted, the median part with microgrooves, the posterior part uplifted and with microgrooves.

Chelicera (Figs 9 B , 10 B ). Hand with 6–7 setae and two lyrifissures, movable finger with one seta; fixed finger with 16–17 teeth; movable finger with six teeth; serrula exterior with 48–55 lamellae; serrula interior with 39–42 lamellae; galea developed, one branch four, while the other three (Fig. 9 D ); rallum consisting of eight blades, all with anteriorly directed spinules, the basal-most blade shortest (Fig. 9 C ).

Pedipalps (Figs 9 G, H , 10 C, E ). Apex of pedipalpal coxa rounded, with six long setae. Trochanter with a small process on the median prolateral position, as well as some small frosted projections; femur with several big tubercles on the prolateral position, as well as a projection on the subdistal prolateral surface, few small tubercles placed at the retrolateral surface; patella with a projection on the prolateral position and three lyrifissures (Figs 9 G , 10 E ); chelal hand concaved at the dorsal side of distal half, and with 30–33 triangular-shaped, spinous apophyses on the dorsal side, every apophyse with a setae at the base (Figs 9 H , 10 C ). A few spinous apophyses extended to the subbase of fixed finger. A papillary projection in the middle of the ventral aspect of the pedipalpal chelal hand. On the posterior side, a few small granular processes dispersedly located at the distal of the hand and near the base of the fingers. Fixed chelal finger slightly curved upward at median to distal part (Figs 9 H , 10 C ). Trochanter 1.46–1.63, femur 4.48–5.02, patella 3.67–4.78, chela with pedicel 4.58–4.60, chela without pedicel 3.53–3.71 times longer than broad, movable finger 1.68–1.84 times longer than hand without pedicel. Fixed chelal finger with eight, movable chelal finger with four trichobothria: eb and esb situated on the base of hand, grouped very closely with ib and isb; est, et and it grouped distally; ist closer to est - et - ist than to isb - ib - esb - eb in fixed chelal finger; b and sb situated closer to each other in basal half, st and t close to each other in distal half of movable finger. Venom apparatus present only in fixed chelal finger, venom duct short. Fixed chelal finger with 93–105 pointed teeth, movable finger with 87–94 teeth, 34–42 rounded teeth at base, and 52–53 pointed ones.

Abdomen. Pleural membrane granulated. Tergites and sternites undivided, tergal chaetotaxy (I – XI): 5: 7: 9–10: 10–11: 10–11: 11: 11: 11–12: 12: 11–12: 12–13, sternal chaetotaxy (IV – XI): 26–30: 19–24: 17: 15–18: 16–18: 14–16: 11–14: 5, sternites VI – VIII with 11 medial scattered glandular setae, anal cone with two dorsal and two ventral setae. Genital area (Figs 9 F , 10 D ): anterior genital sternite with 39–40 setae and two lyrifissures; posterior genital sternite with 31–37 setae and two lyrifissures.

Legs (Figs 9 I, J , 10 F, G ). Leg I specialized, femur and patella enlarged, basitarsus and telotarsus semi-fused, the dividing line between the two limb segments visible. Leg IV generally typical, long, and sinewy. Leg I: trochanter 1.16–1.71, femur 2.56–3.28, patella 2.61–4.10, tibia 4.24–4.75, basitarsus 3.06–3.87, telotarsus 3.29–3.64 times longer than deep. Leg IV: trochanter 2.60–2.81, femur + patella 3.77–5.18, tibia 6.58–7.45, basitarsus 4.20–4.57, telotarsus 5.88–7.07 times longer than deep; tibia with two submedial tactile setae (TS = 0.68–0.74, 0.96–1.03), basitarsus with two tactile setae (TS = 0.09–0.11, 0.53–0.56), telotarsus with two tactile setae (TS = 0.14–0.17, 0.84–0.88); subterminal tarsal seta bifurcate (Fig. 9 E ). Arolium not divided, shorter than the slender and simple claws.

Adult female (paratype females) (Figs 7 B , 8 B ): mostly same as males, except where noted.

Carapace (Figs 11 A , 12 A ). Carapace 1.04–1.13 times longer than broad, with a total of 39–42 setae, including 5–6 near anterior margin and 8–9 near posterior margin; three lyrifissures near the eyes, two lyrifissures near posterior margin; carapace divided into three parts by two transverse, shallow grooves, the anterior part uplifted, the median part smooth, the posterior part uplifted, and with microgrooves.

Chelicera (Figs 11 B , 12 B ). Fixed finger with 12–15 teeth; movable finger with 6–7 teeth; serrula exterior with 49–51 lamellae; serrula interior with 36–44 lamellae.

Pedipalps (Figs 11 G, H , 12 C, E ). Apex of pedipalpal coxa with eight long setae. Femur with several tubercles on the prolateral position, as well as a few small tubercles placed lateral surface. Trochanter 1.89–2.09, femur 4.76–4.98, patella 3.10–3.55, chela with pedicel 3.89–4.27, chela without pedicel 3.86–4.09 times longer than broad, movable finger 1.56–1.72 times longer than hand without pedicel. Fixed chelal finger with 99–102 pointed teeth, movable finger with 90–94 teeth, 43–49 rounded teeth at base, and 45–47 pointed ones.

Abdomen. Tergal chaetotaxy (I – XI): 6: 7–8: 10–11: 12: 11: 11–13: 12: 11–12: 11–12: 12–13: 12, sternal chaetotaxy (IV – XI): 22–24: 20–22: 18–19: 17–19: 17–19: 15–18: 12: 4–5, sternites VI – VIII with 2–3 medial scattered glandular setae; genital area (Figs 11 F , 12 D ): sternite II with total of 27–35 setae and two lyrifissures; sternite III with a row of 35–38 setae and two lyrifissures along posterior margin.

Legs (Figs 11 I, J , 12 F, G ). Leg I: trochanter 1.18–1.74, femur 3.06–4.35, patella 2.96–3.57, tibia 4.61–5.31, basitarsus 3.57–4.33, telotarsus 4.14–4.69 times longer than deep. Leg IV: trochanter 3.03–3.24, femur + patella 3.93–5.05, tibia 5.88–7.71, basitarsus 4.13–5.00, telotarsus 5.88–9.00 times longer than deep; tibia with three submedial tactile setae (TS = 0.20–0.30, 0.69–0.77, 0.98–1.06), basitarsus with two tactile setae (TS = 0.14–0.15, 0.83–0.88), telotarsus with two tactile setae (TS = 0.25–0.32, 0.57–0.61).

Measurements

(in mm; length / breadth or, for legs, length / depth). Male (holotype and paratypes). Body length 4.00–4.53. Carapace 1.50–1.70 / 1.16 – 1.28. Pedipalpal trochanter 0.76–0.80 / 0.49 – 0.52, femur 2.02–2.06 / 0.41 – 0.46, patella 1.69–1.81 / 0.36 – 0.46, chela with pedicel 3.24–3.40 / 0.83 – 0.92, chela without pedicel 3.08–3.25 / 0.83 – 0.92, hand without pedicel length 1.13–1.30, movable finger length 2.08–2.23. Leg I: trochanter 0.50–0.59 / 0.31 – 0.43, femur 1.05–1.17 / 0.32 – 0.43, patella 0.86–1.09 / 0.21 – 0.39, tibia 0.87–0.95 / 0.20 – 0.21, basitarsus 0.49–0.58 / 0.15 – 0.17, telotarsus 0.46–0.51 / 0.14. Leg IV: trochanter 0.78–0.87 / 0.25 – 0.31, femur + patella 1.74–1.86 / 0.34 – 0.47, tibia 1.47–1.64 / 0.21 – 0.24, basitarsus 0.63–0.73 / 0.14 – 0.17, telotarsus 0.94–0.99 / 0.14 – 0.16.

Female (paratypes). Body length 3.77–6.12. Carapace 1.41–1.56 / 1.33 – 1.46. Pedipalpal trochanter 0.83–0.92 / 0.44 – 0.47, femur 2.00–2.14 / 0.42 – 0.43, patella 1.56–1.71 / 0.44 – 0.51, chela with pedicel 3.59–3.70 / 0.85 – 0.89, chela without pedicel 3.40–3.48 / 0.85 – 0.89, hand without pedicel length 1.36–1.40, movable finger length 2.18–2.34. Leg I: trochanter 0.45–0.49 / 0.27 – 0.38, femur 0.95–1.04 / 0.23 – 0.31, patella 0.77–0.82 / 0.23 – 0.26, tibia 0.81–0.85 / 0.16 – 0.18, basitarsus 0.50–0.52 / 0.12 – 0.14, telotarsus 0.58–0.61 / 0.13 – 0.14. Leg IV: trochanter 0.81–0.91 / 0.25 – 0.29, femur + patella 1.81–1.92 / 0.37 – 0.46, tibia 1.53–1.62 / 0.21 – 0.26, basitarsus 0.65–0.70 / 0.14 – 0.16, telotarsus 0.96–1.00 / 0.11 – 0.17.

Distribution.

China (Hunan).

Remarks.

Similar to S. gibba in having specialized leg I in male, this new species can be distinguished by the morphology of the pedipalpal chelal hand and leg I. The male of this new species has 30–33 dentate convex on the dorsal side, a papillary protuberance on the ventral side of chelal hand, and lacks the projection on the basitarsus and telotarsus of leg I, but the male S. gibba has 15–18 dentate convex, which arranged in a row on the dorsal side of chelal hand and a large columnar projection on the basitarsus and telotarsus in leg I. Female of this new species can be easily distinguished from the other Stenohya species in having 99–102 teeth on pedipalpal fixed chelal finger (124–129 in S. arcuatа; 76 in S. bomica ; 85–90 in S. curvata ; 88–89 in S. hainanensis ; 63–69 in S. huangi ; 84 in S. meiacantha ; 66–79 in S. pengae ; 82–91 in S. spinata ; 81–89 in S. tengchongensis ), and pedipalpal femur 4.76–4.98 times longer than wide (4.23–4.45 in S. arcuatа; 5.37 in S. bicornuta ; 5.00– 5.24 in S. curvata ; 6.07–6.32 in S. huangi ; 5.13 in S. meiacantha ; 5.18–5.83 in S. pengae ; 4.00– 4.13 in S. tengchongensis ), and pedipalpal chela with pedicel 3.89–4.27 times longer than wide (3.50–3.74 in S. arcuatа; 4.19–4.37 in S. curvata ; 4.67–4.98 in S. gibba ; 3.56 in S. meiacantha ) ( Zhao et al. 2011; Zhao and Zhang 2011; Hu and Zhang 2012; Yang and Zhang 2013; Guo and Zhang 2016; Guo et al. 2019; Zhan et al. 2023).

Figures

Figure 7. Stenohya papillata sp. nov. A holotype male (dorsal view) B paratype female (dorsal view). Scale bars: 2 mm.

Figure 8. Type locality and habitus of Stenohya papillata sp. nov. A male habitus B female habitus C, D litter layer inhabited by habitus.

Figure 9. Holotype male of Stenohya papillata sp. nov. A carapace, dorsal view B right chelicera, dorsal view C rallum D galea E subterminal tarsal seta F chaetotaxy of genital area, ventral view G right pedipalp, dorsal view H right chela, lateral view, showing trichobothriotaxy, teeth and venom apparatus I right leg I, lateral view J right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, F); 0.1 mm (C – E); 1 mm (G – J).

Figure 10. Holotype male of Stenohya papillata sp. nov. A carapace, dorsal view (red arrows showing two transverse grooves) B right chelicera, dorsal view C right chela, lateral view D genital area, ventral view E right pedipalp, dorsal view F right leg I, lateral view G right leg IV, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D); 1 mm (C, E – G).

Figure 11. Paratype female of Stenohya papillata sp. nov. A carapace, dorsal view B right chelicera, dorsal view C rallum D galea E subterminal tarsal seta F chaetotaxy of genital area, ventral view G right pedipalp, dorsal view H right chela, lateral view, showing trichobothriotaxy, teeth and venom apparatus I left leg I, lateral view J right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C – E); 1 mm (F – J).

Figure 12. Paratype female of Stenohya papillata sp. nov. A carapace, dorsal view (red arrows showing two transverse grooves) B right chelicera, dorsal view C right chela, lateral view D genital area, ventral view E right pedipalp, dorsal view F left leg I, lateral view G right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C – G).