Draposa lyrivulva, Kronestedt, Torbjörn, 2010

Kronestedt, Torbjörn, 2010, Draposa, a new wolf spider genus from South and Southeast Asia (Araneae: Lycosidae), Zootaxa 2637, pp. 31-54 : 39-44

Draposa lyrivulva ( Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) comb. nov.

Figs 5, 6, 15-18, 24, 30, 33-41

Lycosa lyrivulva Boesenberg & Strand , 1906: 326 (♀).

Pardosa lyrivulva : Yaginuma 1986: 165, fig. 90.10 (♀); Tanaka 1993: 176-177, fig. 5 (♀); Tanaka 2009: 248, fig. 149 (, identical to previous reference).

Pardosa leucopalpis Gravely , 1924: 609-611, fig. 5D (♂♀). Tikader & Malhotra 1980: 349-351, figs 203-206 (♂♀). Syn. nov.

Type material. Holotype of Lycosa lyrivulva Boesenberg & Strand , 1906: ♀, Japan, Kyushu, Saga, Kompira (labelled 'Japan, Saga, W. Dönitz S rl) (33°19'28''N 130°17'53''E) ( SMF 2312 ), examined. Cf. Remarks below .

Syntypes of Pardosa leucopalpis Gravely , 1924: 1♂, 1♀, India, Tamil Nadu, Madras City (13°04'N 80°17'E) ( National Zoological Collection, Kolkata), not examined .

Other material examined. SRI LANKA. Central: Inamaluwa (7°55'40''N 80°40'45''E), moist grazed grassland, 19 February 1974 (T. Kronestedt, NHRS), 3♂ 3♀ . Western: Kalutara, 25 mi SSE Colombo (6°34'45''N 79°57'40''E), sandy beach, under stones, 25 January 1962 (loc. 19, Lund University Ceylon Expedition, MZLU), 2♀ ; Stream 10 mi NNE Colombo (7°04'40''N 79°53'40''E), 11 January 1962 (loc. 7, Lund University Ceylon Expedition, MZLU), 1♀ ; Negombo (7°12'30''N 79°50'E), 24-26 November 1973 (M. Senaratne & J. Haapasaari, ZMUT AA 8.035 ), 1♀. North Central: Minneriya Tank (8°02'N 80°54'E), moist grazed grassland, 19 February 1974 (T. Kronestedt, NHRS), 1♂ 5♀ . Northern: Giant's Tank, 10 mi SE Mannar (8°52'N 80°02'E), grassland (under stone), and in tin on beach, 15 February 1962 (loc. 83, Lund University Ceylon Expedition, MZLU), 2♀ ; Nay Aru at Pallamadu, at shore of stream, 10 mi E Mannar (9°01'N 80°03'E), 15 February 1962 (loc. 86, Lund University Ceylon Expedition, MZLU), 1♂ 4♀ . Northwestern: Salt Pan, 3 mi N Puttalam (8°04'N 79°49'E), under vegetable detritus, 1 February 1962 (loc. 41, Lund University Ceylon Expedition, MZLU), 4♀ ; Kadaimparu, 15 mi N Negombo (7°26'N 79°48'40''E), sandy beach, 31 January 1962 (loc. 36), 2♀ . Uva: Badulla district, Senanayake Samudra (7°13'N 81°32'E), sandy slope, 21 November-17 December 1972 (P. Lehtinen & L. Yapagedera, ZMUT AA 8.037 ), 2♂ 1♀ ; Badulla district, Inginiyagala (7°13'N 81°32'E), 20 November-20 December 1972 (S. Farook, ZMUT AA 8.034 ), 1♀ . Southern: Galle (6°02'N 80°13'E), May 1907 (Bainbrigge-Fletcher, BM 1910.4.10.4-8 , BMNH), 1♂ 4♀ ; Yoda Wewa at Tissamaharama (6°17'10''N 80°13'E), 22 March 1962 (loc. 169, Lund University Ceylon Expedition, MZLU), 1♀ ; Tissamaharama (6°17'N 81°17'10''E), at the tank, moist grassy area, 22 February 1974 (T. Kronestedt, NHRS), 3♀ ; E of Hambantota (6°08'05''N 81°08'30''E), partly moist sandy sea shore, 22 February 1974 (T. Kronestedt, NHRS), 2♂ 7♀ ; W of Hambantota (6°07'30''N 81°07'E), moist grazed grassy area at waterhole, 22 February 1974 (T. Kronestedt, NHRS), 6♀ ; Between Tangalla and Ranna (6°02'50''N 80°48'40''E), at small water, 21 February 1974 (T. Kronestedt, NHRS), 4♀ ; Matara (5°56'30''N 80°32'50''E), sea shore with boulders, 30 March 1973 (E. Kronestedt, NHRS), 1♂ 2♀ .

Diagnosis. Male distinguished by palp appearing a bit skew; by configuration of palp, notably shape of tegular apophysis, with two well separated pointed protrusions in proximal half (Fig. 33), as well as by oblique orientation of hairs on cymbium (Fig. 37; character shared with tenasserimensis ); female distinguished by shape of epigyne (e. g., Figs 35 & 40), including corrugation of epigynal cavity bottom as seen from inside (dorsal view: Fig. 41), and long spermathecal stalks (Fig.30).

Description. Male (from Hambantota, Sri Lanka). Total length 7.8. Carapace 4.25 long, 3.20 wide.

Prosoma (Fig. 5). Dorsum brown with distinct yellowish median band and wide distinct yellowish lateral bands, margins brownish. Median band with recumbent short dark and whitish hairs; sides dark-veined and with recumbent short dark and greyish hairs, lateral bands with whitish hairs. Clypeus more or less brownish below eye row I, otherwise yellowish. Chelicerae yellowish brown (sometimes with longitudinal faintly greyish brown markings) and furnished with scattered long dark hairs and numerous long pale thin hairs. Sternum light yellow, with scattered erect dark hairs and numerous more recumbent light hairs.

Eyes. Width of row I 65, row II 96, row III 123, row II-III 94. Diameter of AME 15, ALE 12, PME 38, PLE 32. Distance between AME 8, between AME and ALE 3.

Opisthosoma (Fig. 5). Dorsum pigmented in dark greyish with numerous yellowish dots. Lanceolate stripe greyish-brown. Posteriorly a row of yellowish spots beginning with a pair of spots at posterior end of lanceolate stripe. Dorsum covered with numerous long and short dark hairs and thin recumbent light hairs. Venter light yellowish with scattered light greyish and numerous recumbent whitish hairs.

Legs (Table 1). Yellowish, faintly tinged in greyish. Sometimes with very faint traces of annulation on tibiae and metatarsi. Hairiness of leg I as in the other legs. Ti I with two retrolateral spines.

Palp (Figs 15-18, 33, 34, 37, 38). Pt 0.80, Ti 0.70, Cy 1.90. Femur, patella and tibia yellowish, cymbium brownish. Entire palp appears a bit skew (Fig. 33) as reflected in oblique orientation of dorsal hairs on cymbium (Fig. 37). Widest part of cymbium somewhat flattened.in retrolateral part. Cymbium, notably retrolateral part, and tibia with numerous pores of type described by Kronestedt (1986) and further studied by Juberthie-Jupeau et al. (1990) (Fig. 38).

Female (from Hambantota, Sri Lanka). Total length 7.1 (carried egg sac). Carapace 3.65 long, 2.80 wide.

Prosoma and opisthosoma (Fig. 6). Similar to male in colouration and hairiness.

Eyes. Width of row I 60, row II 84, row III 108, row II-III 81. Diameter of AME 14, ALE 12, PME 32, PLE 26. Distance between AME 6, between AME and ALE 2.

Legs (Table 1). Yellowish, faintly tinged in greyish, sometimes with pronounced and dictinct annulation.

Epigyne (Figs 24, 35, 40, 41, cleared Fig. 30). Conspicuous deep median cavity, opening longer than wide, divided only in front by tongue-like septum. Lateral elevations with rims protruding over epigynal cavity; rims posteriorly converging, leaving narrow opening in between (cf. P. subhadrae ). Bottom of cavity corrugated in a pattern as shown in dorsal view (Fig. 41). Spermathecae with very long stalk and small, globular head (Fig. 30).

Size variation. Carapace length in males 3.15-4.55 (n=8), in females 2.75-3.95 (n=20); tibia I vs. carapace length in Fig. 50. The variation in size is unusually wide.

Remarks. Gravely (1924) neither illustrated nor documented any particular details of the male apart from describing the pilosity of the palp. Tikader & Malhotra (1980) did illustrate the male palp, but without showing sufficient specific details.

It is remarkable that Pardosa lyrivulva has not been recorded in Japan since it was described based on a single female said to have been collected on Kyushu ( Bösenberg & Strand 1906). If widely distributed in SE Asia, it should have been taken at least in some more localities. I perceive its occurrence in Japan as erroneous. This is the only lycosid species newly described in Bösenberg & Strand (1906) without illustration. According to Strand (in Bösenberg & Strand 1906: 326) the illustrations pertaining to this species seemed to have been lost. Maybe there is a possibility that the locality label and the holotype mismatch due to some confusion long ago. According to the preface by E. Strand ( Bösenberg & Strand 1906), he studied the material collected in the 1880s by W. Dönitz in Japan while staying in the ‘Königliches Naturalien-Kabinett’ in Stuttgart (Germany). At that time, Strand also treated other spider material housed in the same museum among which was a collection of spiders from Sri Lanka collected by Redemann (Strand 1907, 1909). It is very unlikely that the record from Japan is due to an unintentional introduction.

Although no syntypes have been examined, it is clear from illustrations and other available material that Pardosa leucopalpis , with its very characteristic configuration of the epigyne, is conspecific with P. lyrivulva and here considered a junior synonym of the latter.

Distribution. Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka (record from Japan doubtful, see Remarks above).