Homalium cauliflorum H. Perrier

Applequist, Wendy L., 2018, A revision of the Malagasy species of Homalium sect. Blackwellia (Salicaceae), Candollea 73 (2), pp. 221-244 : 230

4. Homalium cauliflorum H. Perrier in Mém. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 13: 290. 1940.

Lectotypus (designated by SLEUMER, 1973: 262): MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: Bemarivo , bords de torrents , 100 m, IX.1912, fl., Perrier de la Bâthie 2199 ( P [ P04734103 ]!; isolectotype: K [ K000231495 ] image seen, L [ L0010897 ] image seen) . Syntypus: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: Ambahatra , E du massif de Manongarivo , IX.1909, fl., Perrier de la Bâthie 2325 ( P [ P04734102 ]!) .

Shrub or tree to 12 m, sometimes with multiple trunks, 12 cm dbh; bark blackish; young twigs glabrous or glabrate. Leaves narrowly elliptical (oblanceolate), 5.5–11 × 1.3–3.5 cm; petiole 2– 5 mm; base cunate to narrowly convex or somewhat attenuate; apex narrowly acute (to rounded); margins crenate-serrulate with few shallow, sometimes inconspicuous teeth, sometimes slightly revolute, with glands slightly elongated, in margins inside apex of tooth; adaxial surface drying greenish (to grayish, mottled dark, or when immature blackish brown), abaxial surface brown. Inflorescences paniculate, relatively often racemiform with short branches, lateral, many cauliflorous on large twigs below most distal leaves, sometimes pseudoterminal, 4–15(–20) cm, pilose; flowers pedicellate with pedicels (0.5–)1.5–3.5(–5) mm; bracts ovate to oblong, elliptical or lanceolate, 0.5–3.5 mm, most rapidly caducous. Flowers 8–10-merous; calyx tube funnelform, pilose; sepals linear (very narrowly spatulate) with acute apex, 1.3–3 mm; petals linear (very narrowly spatulate) with acute apex, 1.4–3.5 mm; sepals and petals white to yellowish or the sepals greenish and petals white to greenish white, accrescent, slightly longer than calyx tube to about equal (slightly shorter), ascending (sometimes spreading in a few flowers), long-ciliate, both surfaces pilose; sepal glands pilose; filaments 0.7–1 mm, pilose; ovary pilose; styles 5, 1– 1.4 mm, basally sparsely pilose.

Vernacular names. – “Hazomainty ” (Service Forestier 2960); “Hazombato” (Service Forestier 7785); “Jabozahaditro” (Antilahimena 841); “Jambaraohoditry” (Hong-Wa et al. 319).

Distribution, ecology and conservation status. – Homalium cauliflorum is native to low-elevation (once to 500 m) humid forests in Antsiranana; it is reported to occur on gneiss and along rivers and in ravines. The Area of Occupancy is estimated at 60 km ² and the Extent of Occurrence at c. 19,700 km ²; the species is found in the Tsaratanana and Marojejy Reserves and more than 10 locations are or have been known. Its conservation status is therefore considered to be “Least Concern” [LC].

Additional material examined. – MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: Ampasindava , forêt d’Andranomatavy , 13°41'41"S 47 °59'15"E, 160 m, 27.XI.2009, fl., Ammann et al. 426 ( P) ; Fkt. Ambobake, Ramena River , 13°45'00"S 48°31'18"E, 251 m, 21.XI.2001, fl., Antilahimena 841 ( MO) ; Behefaka , Anjahana , forêt d’Ambinanibekona , 13°21'06"S 49°10'06"E, 124 m, 7.VI.2005, fl., Hong-Wa et al. 319 ( MO, P) ; massif de Marivorahona au SW de Manambato ( Haute Mahavavy du Nord , Distr. d’Ambilobe ), 500 m, 18–26.III.1951, fl., Humbert & Capuron 25617 ( P) ; Loky Manambato , village Tsinjrano , aux bords de la riv. Manambato , 13°13'40"S 49°52'36"E, 14 m, fl., 12.X.2013, Rakotovao et al. 6490 ( MO) ; Daraina , forêt de Binara , 13°14.61'S 49°38.85'E, 100 m, 1.IV.2004, fl., Ranirison 562 ( MO, P) ; RNI de Marojejy , suivant la riv. d’Androranga , entre Anketsahely et village Antongodriha , 14°18'S 49°42'E, 150–265 m, 3–13.XI.1994, fl., Rasoavimbahoaka 413 ( MO, P) ; District Sambava, 19.VIII.1956, fl., Réserves Naturelles 8421 ( P) ; Marovato, district Ambanja , 12.III.1956, fl., Réserves Naturelles 8611 ( P) ; Antsirabe, Ambanja , 16–30.III.1951, fl., Service Forestier 2960 ( P) ; env. d’Amb[a]kirano , district d’Ambilobe , s.d., fl., Service Forestier 3073 ( P [2 sheets]); Marojejy , Andapa , 27.X.1953, fl., Service Forestier 7785 ( MO, P) ; Ambahatra , cours moyen (13°56'S 48°27'E), Bemamboly (rive droite), 140 m, 28.V.2000, fl., Wohlhauser 60273 ( MO) .