Homalium axillare subsp. delphinense (H. Perrier) Appleq.

Applequist, Wendy L., 2018, A revision of the Malagasy species of Homalium sect. Blackwellia (Salicaceae), Candollea 73 (2), pp. 221-244 : 228-229

2b. Homalium axillare subsp. delphinense (H. Perrier) Appleq. , comb. & stat. nova.

≡ Homalium microphyllum var. delphinense H. Perrier in Mém. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 13: 289. 1940.

Lectotypus (designated here): MADAGASCAR. Prov. Toliara: Fort Dauphin , s.d., fl., Cloisel 199 ( P [ P00624057 ]!; isolectotype: BM, L [ L0010881 ] image seen) . Syntypi: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Toliara: Fort Dauphin , Cloisel 180 ( BM not seen, P not seen) ; Vinanibe , 23.X.1932, Decary 10864 ( P!, BM, PRE [ PRE0602194-0 ] image seen, S [ S10-10152 ] image seen, TAN [ TAN000589 ] image seen); Cap Ivatra , s.d., fl., Decary 10912 ( MO [ MO- 5587081 ]!, P [ P00624056 ]!, G [ G00018420 ] image seen, L [ L0010882 ] image seen); vallée moyenne du Mandrare près d’Anadabolava , mont Vohibaria , 800–810 m (sommet), XII.1933, buds, Humbert 12626 ( P [ P00624051 ]!) ; FortDauphin , July, Scott-Elliot 3041 ( K [ K000231499 ] image seen, P [ P00624055 ]!) .

= Homalium humblotii Baill. in Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris. 1: 574. 1886. Holotypus: MADAGASCAR: “Madag. bor.”, s.d., fr., Humblot 582 ( P [ P00624054 ]!; isotype: K [ K000231500 ] image seen, LD [ LD1215854 ] image seen, TAN [ TAN000243 ] image seen, US [ US00114722 ] image seen).

Tree to 10 m, 15 cm dbh, or shrub. Leaves elliptical to narrowly (broadly) elliptical (seldom to ovate or rarely lanceolate), (2–)2.5–6.5 × (0.9–) 1.1–3.6 cm; petiole (1.5–)2–4(–5) mm; margins crenate-serrulate to subentire, with glands round or slightly elongated; adaxial surface drying darker, usually greenish or grayish, abaxial surface pale to medium brown (greenish). Inflorescences 1.5–8 cm. Filaments 0.8–2.4 mm.

Vernacular names and uses. – “Fotsivony” ( Humbert 12626); “Hazofotsy” (Randriatafika & Ramisy 408, Randriatafika & Rabenantoandro 715, Ratovoson 1661); “Hazombahy” (Réserves Naturelles 1812, 2303); “Hazombarorona” (Cours 2801); “Hazombato” (Cours 1898, Gautier et al. 3120); “Hazombatofotsy” (Service Forestier 13711); “Hazombatry” (Réserves Naturelles 2401); “Hazondrena” (Réserves Naturelles 2272); “Laza laza madiniky” (Gautier & Derleth 2563); “Mampay” (Hong-Wa 21); “Marankoditra” (Ramison & Ramisa 110, Randriataf ika & Ramisy 263); “Nefinzaza” (Cloisel 199); “Taimboalavo” (Réserves Naturelles 8936, 10716, Service Forestier 26398); “Tsilastra” (Service Forestier 9979); “Tsivelonatavy” (Service Forestier 6440); “Zora” (Service Forestier 6085, 6396, 7415); “Zore” (Réserves Naturelles 1350).

Wood of H. axillare subsp. delphinense is used for construction (Hong-Wa 21, Ratovoson 1661, Réserves Naturelles 1812, Service Forestier 26398) and manufacture of wooden objects (Réserves Naturelles 1350).

Distribution, ecology and conservation status. – Homalium axillare subsp. delphinense as herein defined is widespread and its habitat is variable, ranging from littoral forest on sand to mid- or somewhat high-elevation humid forests on gneiss. As noted above, though there is regional variation in morphology, that variation is not entirely consistent with reported habitat or altitude. It is possible that two distinct infraspecific taxa exist within this subspecies, but means of consistently separating them have not been identified. Because of the numerous localities, several of them protected, the subspecies’ appropriate conservation status is “Least Concern” [LC].

Notes. – As noted above, this subspecies remains variable and possibly heterogeneous. Sleumer annotated Cloisel 199 (P) as the lectotype of H. microphyllum var. delphinense but failed to indicate this choice in print ( SLEUMER, 1973). Duplicates of three syntypes at BM that are not available through JSTOR are reported based on statements by SLEUMER (1973).

Selected material examined. – MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: RNI de Tsaratanana , 14°02'51"S 48°46'54"E, 1300 m, 27.XI.2000, fl., Birkinshaw et al. 767 ( BR, K, MO) ; Cne Beramanja , 13°38'40"S 48°40'18"E, 632 m, 22.XI.2007, fl., Callmander et al. 711 ( MO, P) ; Bekolosy (14°02'S 48°18'E), vallon en amont de la chute de la riv. Bekolosy , 1100 m, 15.XI.1994, fr., Gautier & Derleth 2563 ( MO, P) ; vallée inférieure de l’Androranga , affluent de la Bemarivo (NE) aux env. d’Antongondriha, mont Anjenabe , 1000 m, 3–7.XI.1950, fl., Humbert & Capuron 24146 ( P) ; Montagnes au N de Mangindrano jusqu’aux sommets d’Ambohimirahavavy ( partage des eaux Mahavavy-Androranga ), 1600 m, 19.I-12.II.1951, fl., Humbert & Capuron 24915 ( P) ; Manongarivo Massif above village of Ambodisakoana , 14°05'S 48°20'E, 16.X.1994, fl., McPherson & van der Werff 16356 ( MO) ; Daraina, forêt de Binara , 13°16'S 49°36'E, 960 m, 19.XI.2005, fl., Nusbaumer & Ranirison 1636 ( MO, P) ; Réserve Spéciale de Manongarivo , 14°04'34"S 48°22'29"E, 1100–1350 m, 15.VIII.1994, fl., Randriambololona et al. 121 ( K, MO, P) ; Sainte Luce , 24°44'27"S 47°10'55"E, 50 m, 19.XI.2011, fl., Ratovoson 1661 ( MO) ; forêt de Kalabenono , 13°38'59"S 48°40'41"E, 785 m, 24.XI.2006, fl., Razafitsalama et al. 1117 ( MO) ; Soahita , Ambohimitsinjo , Sambava , 22.X.1957, fr., Réserves Naturelles 9253 ( P) ; Flanc S de l’Anjenabe , vallée de l’Andromanga , c. 900 m, 5.XI.1950, fl., Service Forestier 753 ( MO, P) ; crête S du Betsomanga , bassin de l’Androranga , dct. de Sambava , 900 m, 19.XI.1950, fl., Service Forestier 835 ( P) ; massif de l’Ambohimarahavavy , [Bealanana?] S du plateau de Marofameno , 1500 m, 7.II.1951, fl., Service Forestier 994 ( P) ; Manongarivo massif , 14°05'S 48°20'E, 500–1000 m, 20.X.1994, fl., van der Werff & McPherson 13533 ( MO) ; vallée de l’Ambahatra (cours moyen) , Maevatanana (haut de pente) , 13°54'51"S 48°29'08"E, 380 m, 19.XI.2000, fl., Wohlhauser et al. 319 ( MO, P) . Prov. Fianarantsoa: Ambodiriana rive droite du fleuve , 700 m, 14.XII.1944, fl., Cours 1898 ( P [2 sheets]) ; Ambodimanga à Antanambao , 1200 m, 11.X.1945, fr., Cours 2801 ( P) ; Riambavy Waterfall , 22°08'45"S 46°53'31"E, 1760 m, 8.XI.2003, fr., Phillipson & Rakotonandrasana 5689 ( BR, CAS, G, K, L, MO, P) ; Tandrokomby , massif de l’Andringitra , R.N. V, 4.X.1948, fl., Réserves Naturelles 1812 ( P [2 sheets]) ; Ambodirindahy, Sendrisoa , 7.X.1950, fl., Réserves Naturelles 2272 ( P [2 sheets]) ; RN V , Ambalavao, Zazafo , 23.X.1949, fl. & fr., Réserves Naturelles 2401 ( P [2 sheets]) ; Antambohobe , 12.III.1960, fl., Réserves Naturelles 10716 ( P) ; Fenoarivo , Ilakatra , Vohipeno , 20.XI.1952, fl., Service Forestier 6440 ( P) ; Ifanadiana SW , 19.XII.1953, fr., Service Forestier 9979 ( P) ; Ampasinambo, Nosy-Varika , 25.XI.1954, fl., Service Forestier 13711 ( P) ; cTOn Amtambohobe , village le plus proche Ankazomby , Lohony , 15.VIII.1967, fl., Service Forestier 26398 ( P) ; Massif de l’Isalo , à l’W de Ranohira , 20.XII.1968, fr., Service Forestier 28506 ( P) . Prov. Mahajanga: Fkt. Andranomena , Befandriana Nord , 15°08'14"S 49°21'27"E, 1084 m, 12.II.2008, fl., Ravelonarivo et al. 2793 ( G, MO) . Prov. Toliara: Réserve Spécial de Kalambatritra , forêt d’Analamaro , 23°28'00"S 46°23'20"E, 1420 m, 6.XI.2004, fl., Andrianjafy et al. 527 ( MO, P) ; District de Fort-Dauphin, Vinanibe , 23.X.1932, fl., Decary 10863 ( P) ; Fort Dauphin, forêt de Mandena , 16.III.1985, fr., Dorr et al. 3978 ( MO, P) ; Petriky Forest , 0–10 m, 25°04'S 46°51'E, 13.III.1989, fl., Gereau & Dumetz 3260 ( MO, P) ; Ampasimena, Mt Tsimokotra-Vohimavo , 24°20'11"S 47°08'55"E, 542–547 m, 30.XI.2001, fl., Hong-Wa 21 ( MO) ; Petriky , 25°05'S 46°52'E, 2.XI.1989, fl., McPherson 14361 ( MO, P) ; Fkt. Sainte Luce , bloc S9 , 24°46'28"S 47°09'50"E, 3 m, 4.XI.2003, fl., Rabenantoandro et al. 1558 ( MO, P) ; Fort-Dauphin , forêt au N de Manafiafy , 12.XI.1990, fl., Rabevohitra 2442 ( MO, P) ; Ambohisapa, Thalweg à l’E d’Ambatotsorongorongo , 25°05'11"S 46°46'13"E, 31 m, 23.II.2009, fr., Rakotovao et al. 4402 ( MO) ; Mandromodromotra , 24°55'22"S 47°01'28"E, 9 m, 6.XII.2006, fl., Ramison & Ramisa 110 ( MO) ; Mahatalaky, forêt de Belavenoka , 24°50'S 47°04'E, 17.XI.2007, fr., Ramison 410 ( MO, P) ; Station forestière de Mandena (M.16), 30.VIII.2001, fl., Randriatafika & Ramisy 263 ( MO, P) ; Fkt. Petriky , 25°03'19"S 46°51'55"E, 18.II.2004, fl., Randriatafika & Ramisy 408 ( MO) ; Antsotso, forêt Ivohibe , 24°33'52"S 47°11'43"E, 386 m, XI.2005, fl., Razakamalala et al. 2440 ( MO, P) ; Réserve forestière de Mandena , 16.XI.1948, fr., Réserves Naturelles 1350 ( P [2 sheets]) ; Vinanibe , à l’W de Fort-Dauphin , 7.XII.1968, fl., Service Forestier 28623 ( P) .