Garcinia venulosa (Blanco) Choisy (1851: 414)

Nazre, M., Newman, M. F., Pennington, R. T. & Middleton, D. J., 2018, Taxonomic Revision of Garcinia Section Garcinia (Clusiaceae), Phytotaxa 373 (1), pp. 1-52 : 44-45

13. Garcinia venulosa (Blanco) Choisy (1851: 414)

≡ Cambogia venulosa Blanco (1837: 435) . Neotype (designated here):— PHILIPPINES Luzon, Albay, 1841 Cuming 1124 [male specimen] (K;!; isoneotype: BM!). [ Figure 20 ].

= Garcinia cumingiana Pierre (1883a : xi). Lectotype (designated here):— PHILIPPINES Luzon, Albay, 1841, Cuming 1124 [female specimen] (K;!; isolectotypes: BM!, P!).

Tree to 25 m tall. Bole: no information. Exudate yellow. Twigs angled, stout, longitudinally striate when dry; dark brown or chocolate to pale brownish yellow. Petiole finely transversely striate, stout, with ligule-like appendages at the base, brown, yellowish, dark brown or dark maroon, 0.9–2.2 cm long. Lamina thickly or thinly leathery, pale brown or pale grey-brown to greenish, darker and shiny above, elliptic-oblong, broadly elliptic to ovate or obovate, 8.1–20.6 × 2.7–9.3 cm, apex acute, sometimes acuminate or attenuate, base acute to cuneate or decurrent; midrib yellowish, flattened to slightly raised above, raised and sharp below; margin entire and finely revolute; secondary veins brochidodromous, visible on both sides, closely arranged, slightly raised, occasionally with 2 intramarginal veins especially on female plants but these are very fine; tertiary veins inconspicuous below, fine, reticulate. Glands fine, closely arranged in dark grey-black to greenish interrupted wavy lines, running nearly parallel to midrib across secondary veins from midrib to margin. Inflorescences terminal, males with 1–3(–4) flowers in a cluster, females always solitary; bracts triangular, thickly leathery, to 1 cm long. Male flowers with 4 sepals and petals, leathery, outer usually thicker; pedicel 5–10 mm long; sepals ovate; petals lanceolate to ovate; stamens in a massive, weakly 4-angled central bundle; pistillode absent, anthers 2-thecous, sessile. Female flowers not seen. Fruit globose, dark maroonpurple or dark chocolate, smooth and shiny, 1.4–5 × 1.6–5.5 cm, with thick leathery sepals; stigma sessile, with 8–12 crenate, nearly square lobes, black and hardened, to 0.8 cm across; seeds 4–10 with white aril.

Distribution and Habitat:—Lowland and hill forest in Luzon island.

Taxonomic Notes:—The fruits closely resemble G. mangostana var. borneensis but can be distinguished by the smoother and shiny fruit wall. The leaf (in female trees) also has two intramarginal veins but these are not as distinct as in G. mangostana var. malaccensis .

Additional specimens examined:— PHILIPPINES. Luzon: no locality, no date, Loher 71 (K!) ; Baguio, March 1907, Elmer 8783 (E!) ; Ilocos Norte Bangui to Claveria , August 1918, Ramos, M. 33088 (L!) ; Baler Mountain , 27 February 1949, Quisumbing 8065 (L!) ; Cagayan, March 1909, Alvarez 18513 (K!) ; Cagayan, February 1912, Curran 17827 (E!, K!, L!) ; Cagayan, Bauan, Mt. Tabuan , May 1929, Ramos 77073 ( SING!) ; Isabela, April 1923, Azurin 29361 (A!, UC!) ; Isabela, San Mariano , February 1926, Ramos & Edano 47195 ( SING!) ; Laguna, Mount Makiling , June 1917, Elmer 18303 (L!, UC!) ; Laguna, Mount Makiling , 8 March 1955, Banaga 33382 (L!) ; Laguna, Mount Nagiling , 12 March 1927, Juliano 23 ( UC!) ; Lucban , May 1907, Elmer 9151 (E!) ; Lucban , no locality, May 1907, Elmer 8043 (E!) ; Manila, San Mateo , March 1886, Vidal 2110 & 2112 (K!) ; Nueva Ecija, Camp Laby , March 1939, Edano 5270 (A!) ; Pangasinan, Mount San Isidro, Labrador , November 1917, Fenix 29968 (L!) ; Rizal, Montalban , November 1912, Loher 12655 ( UC!) ; Sorsogon, no locality, November 1905, Elmer 7308 (K!) ; Tayabas , no locality March 1880, Vidal 2115 (K!) ; Tayabas , no locality, January 1884, Vidal 638 (K!) ; Tayabas , no locality, November 1884, Vidal 1148 (K!) ; Tayabas, Laguinamanaoa , March 1903, Merrill 4020 (K!) ;!).

Figures

FIGURE 20. Garcinia venulosa (Blanco) Choisy. A. habit (female); B. glandular lines; C. male flower; D. fruit and stigma [(A, B: Cuming 1124, K); (C: Alvarez 18513, K); (D: Curran 17827, K)]. Drawn by Anna Dorward.