Belisana yongcong Wang, S. Li & Yao, 2024

Wang, Bing, Li, Jinglin, Li, Shuqiang & Yao, Zhiyuan, 2024, Nine new spider species of Belisana Thorell, 1898 (Araneae, Pholcidae) from karst caves, with a list of species of the genus from Guizhou, southwestern China, ZooKeys 1216, pp. 265-302 : 265-302

Belisana yongcong Wang, S. Li & Yao sp. nov.

Figs 14 , 15 , 23 A, B , 25 C, D

Type material.

Holotype: China • ♂; Guizhou, Qiandongnan, Liping County, Yongcong Town, Guantuan Village, Guantuan Cave ; 25 ° 59.028 ' N, 109 ° 06.979 ' E; alt. 544 m; 23 May 2007; J. Liu & Y. Lin leg.; IZCAS - Ar 45218 . Paratypes: China • 2 ♂; same data as for holotype; IZCAS - Ar 45219 –20 • 5 ♀; same data as for holotype; IZCAS - Ar 45221 –25 .

Diagnosis.

The new species resembles B. nayong sp. nov. (Figs 8 , 9 , 22 G, H , 24 G, H ) by having similar bulbal apophysis (hooked; Fig. 15 C ) and vulva (anterior arch ridge-shaped, pore plates curved, long elliptic and 8 × longer than wide; Figs 15 B , 25 D ), but can be distinguished by procursus with blunt ventro-subdistal membranous process (arrow 1 in Figs 14 C , 23 A vs pointed), by male cheliceral distal apophyses pointing outwards (da in Fig. 15 D vs inwards), and by epigyne with lateral pockets (ep in Figs 15 A , 25 C vs postero-median).

Description.

Male (holotype): Total length 1.73 (1.82 with clypeus), prosoma 0.83 long, 0.67 wide, opisthosoma 0.90 long, 0.66 wide. Leg I: 14.76 (3.60, 0.34, 4.05, 5.58, 1.56), leg II: 12.45 (3.36, 0.32, 3.08, 4.60, 1.09), leg III: 8.21 (2.38, 0.26, 1.98, 2.84, 0.75), leg IV: 10.64 (3.20, 0.26, 2.66, 3.72, 0.80); tibia I L / d: 46. Eye interdistances and diameters: PME – PME 0.06, PME 0.09, PME – ALE 0.02. Sternum width / length: 0.54 / 0.49. Habitus as in Fig. 15 E, F . Dorsal shield of prosoma yellowish, with brownish radiating marks; clypeus and sternum yellowish. Legs whitish, without darker rings. Opisthosoma yellowish, without spots. Thoracic furrow absent. Clypeus unmodified. Chelicerae with pair of proximo-lateral apophyses (pa in Fig. 15 D ) and pair of curved distal apophyses (distance between tips: 0.32; da in Fig. 15 D ). Palp as in Fig. 14 A, B ; trochanter with ventral apophysis (as long as wide, arrow 1 in Fig. 14 B ); femur with retrolatero-proximal protrusion (arrow 2 in Fig. 14 B ); procursus simple proximally but complex distally, with ventro-subdistal membranous lamella (arrow 1 in Figs 14 C , 23 A ) bearing proximally sclerotized part, prolatero-distal membranous lamella (arrow 2 in Figs 14 C , 23 A ) bearing proximally sclerotized part, sclerotized dorso-subdistal apophysis (arrow 3 in Figs 14 C , 23 A ), and retrolateral membranous flap (f in Figs 14 D , 23 B ); bulb with hooked apophysis (ba in Fig. 15 C ) and simple embolus (e in Fig. 15 C ). Retrolateral trichobothria on tibia I at 10 % proximally; legs with short vertical setae on metatarsi; tarsus I with 20 distinct pseudosegments.

Female (paratype, IZCAS - Ar 45221 ): Similar to male, habitus as in Fig. 15 G, H . Total length 2.17 (2.29 with clypeus), prosoma 0.87 long, 0.76 wide, opisthosoma 1.30 long, 1.08 wide; tibia I: 3.65; tibia I L / d: 47. Eye interdistances and diameters: PME – PME 0.09, PME 0.08, PME – ALE 0.02. Sternum width / length: 0.59 / 0.45. Epigyne simple and flat, posteriorly curved, with pair of lateral pockets 0.35 apart (ep in Figs 15 A , 25 C ). Vulva with ridge-shaped anterior arch (aa in Figs 15 B , 25 D ) and pair of curved, long elliptic pore plates (9 × longer than wide, pp in Figs 15 B , 25 D ).

Variation.

Tibia I in one male paratype ( IZCAS - Ar 45219 ): 5.32 (leg I missing in IZCAS - Ar 45220 ). Tibia I in the other four female paratypes ( IZCAS - Ar 45222 –25): 3.76, 3.85, 3.96, 4.16.

Habitat.

The species was found in the dark zone inside the cave.

Distribution.

China (Guizhou, type locality; Fig. 1 ).

Etymology.

The specific name refers to the type locality; noun in apposition.

Figures

Figure 1. Distribution records of the Belisana species from Guizhou, China 1 Belisana bijie sp. nov. 2 B. daji Chen, Zhang & Zhu, 2009 3 B. douqing Chen, Zhang & Zhu, 2009 4 B. galeiformis Zhang & Peng, 2011 5 B. lii Chen, Yu & Guo, 2016 6 B. liupanshui sp. nov. 7 B. majiang sp. nov. 8 B. nayong sp. nov. 9 B. qixingguan sp. nov. 10 B. wangchengi Wang, Yao & Zhang, 2024 11 B. xishui Chen, Zhang & Zhu, 2009 12 B. xiuwen sp. nov. 13 B. yanhe Chen, Zhang & Zhu, 2009 14 B. yongcong sp. nov. 15 B. yuhaoi Yang & Yao, 2023 16 B. zhangi Tong & Li, 2007 17 B. zhouxi sp. nov. 18 B. zunyi sp. nov.

Figure 8. Belisana nayong sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow 1 points at ventral apophysis, arrow 2 points at retrolatero-proximal protrusion) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at ventro-subdistal membranous process, arrow 2 points at prolatero-distal membranous lamella, arrow 3 points at dorso-distal spine D retrolateral view). Abbreviations: b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, e = embolus, f = flap, pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A, B); 0.05 (C, D).

Figure 9. Belisana nayong sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 (A – D); 0.40 (E – H).

Figure 14. Belisana yongcong sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow 1 points at ventral apophysis, arrow 2 points at retrolatero-proximal protrusion) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at ventro-subdistal membranous lamella, arrow 2 points at prolatero-distal membranous lamella, arrow 3 points at sclerotized dorso-subdistal apophysis D retrolateral view). Abbreviations: b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, e = embolus, f = flap, pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 (A, B); 0.02 (C, D).

Figure 15. Belisana yongcong sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 (A – D); 0.40 (E – H).

Figure 22. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (The arrows point at the same structures as those shown in the photos of each species) A, B Belisana bijie sp. nov. C, D B. liupanshui sp. nov. E, F B. majiang sp. nov. G, H B. nayong sp. nov. I, J B. qixingguan sp. nov. K, L B. xiuwen sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10.

Figure 23. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (The arrows point at the same structures as those shown in the photos of each species) A, B Belisana yongcong sp. nov. C, D B. zhangi Tong & Li, 2007 E, F B. zhouxi sp. nov. G, H B. zunyi sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10.

Figure 24. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana bijie sp. nov., arrow points at lateral sclerite C, D B. liupanshui sp. nov., arrow points at lateral sclerite E, F B. majiang sp. nov. G, H B. nayong sp. nov I, J B. qixingguan sp. nov., arrow points at sclerotized protrusion. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10.

Figure 25. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana xiuwen sp. nov. C, D B. yongcong sp. nov. E, F B. zhangi Tong & Li, 2007 G, H B. zhouxi sp. nov. I, J B. zunyi sp. nov. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10.