Paraheminodus kamoharai Kawai, Imamura et Nakaya, 2004

Su, Yo, Lin, Ching-Feng & Chu, Tah-Wei, 2024, A new record of an armored searobin, Paraheminodus kamoharai (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Triglidae), from Taiwan, with a checklist of peristediines (Peristediinae) from Taiwan, Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 54, pp. 131-137 : 131-137

Paraheminodus kamoharai Kawai, Imamura et Nakaya, 2004

English name: Kamohara’s armored searobin New Chinese name: 蒲原氏副半節魴鮄 Figs 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ; Tables 1 , 2

Paraheminodus kamoharai Kawai, Imamura et Nakaya, 2004 . — Kawai et al. (2004 b): 126 (Original description. Type locality: Sulu Sea, the Philippines, 08 ° 11 ′ 48 ″ N, 117 ° 58 ′ 00 ″ E, depth 285 m). — Kawai 2008: 22 (Listed). — Kawai et al. 2008: 377 (Mentioned, compared to the new species described). — Kawai 2011: 70 (Mentioned). — Kawai 2017: 175 (New record from Japan).

Specimen examined.

NMMB-P 39557, 120.1 mm SL, off Daxi fishing port (ca. 24 ° 56 ′ 28.16 ″ N, 121 ° 52 ′ 12.21 ″ E), Yilan, northwestern Taiwan, 16 September 2023, coll. C. - F. Lin .

Description of NMMB-P 39557.

Meristic and morphometric data provided in Tables 1 , 2 . Dorsal-fin rays VII, 20; pectoral-fin rays 17 / 17; pelvic-fin rays I, 5 / I, 5; anal-fin rays 20; principal caudal-fin rays 12; gill rakers 6 + 1 + 19 = 26; branchiostegal rays 7; bony plates in dorsal row 28 / 28; bony plates in upper lateral row 34 / 34 (25 th – 30 th / 26 th – 31 st plates with antrorse spine); bony plates in lower lateral row 23 / 23; bony plates in ventral row 24 / 24; bony plates before anus 2 / 2; groups of barbels (lip + chin) 5 + 3 / 5 + 3. Body fusiform, depth 6.77 in SL, and width 7.22 in SL; its surface covered with bony plates (except for pectoral-fin base, chest, and isthmus). Head large, depressed, and expanded laterally, length 2.87 in SL, and width 3.44 in SL. Rostral projections depressed and elongated, nearly parallel. Interorbital space concave, width 5.07 in HL. Eyes of moderate, width 4.10 in HL. Frontal- 1 spine 1, its tip blunt; parietal spine 1, stout, slightly curved backwards. Posttemporal with ridge, and eventually developed as small central spine. Fourth suborbital ridge serrated and bearing 1 (left) or 3 (right) small spines. Nasal, ethmoid, lateral ethmoid, and opercular spines single. Supraorbital spines 3; sphenotic spines 2, both small; and pterotic spine single and small. Rostral, preorbital, frontal- 2, supratemporal, third infraorbital spines absent (Figs 1 A , 1 B ). Mouth large and inferior, upper-jaw length 2.34 in HL, its posterior end before anterior border of orbit; lower-jaw length 2.63 in HL, its anterior tip at about middle of upper jaw, whereas its posterior tip slightly exceeds anterior border of orbit. Single longitudinal ridge starting from base of rostral projection to preopercle. Two preopercular spines: outer one stout, length 2.25 in HL, and inner one rudimentary. Gill rakers on first arch rod-shaped and laterally compressed (except for rudiments), their inner faces covered with minute spinules. Rakers on outer face of first arch longest; rakers on inner face of first arch and both outer and inner faces of second to third arches short. Upper jaw with villiform teeth. Lower jaw, vomer and palatine naked. Lip barbels 5, all simple except for posteriormost one longest and branched, length 1.28 in HL; chin barbels 3, all simple except for posterior one branched at base (Fig. 3 ). Gill membrane narrowly united anteriorly to base of isthmus. Four rows of bony plates on body, each plate bearing single and recurved spine, except for those in dorsal row on caudal peduncle and two wide plates before anus; 25 th – 30 th / 26 th – 31 st bony plates in upper lateral row with single antrorse spine (Fig. 4 ). Bony plate in anteriormost dorsal row larger than rest. Four anterior bony plates in upper lateral row smaller than rest. Lower lateral row ending at caudal peduncle, near caudal-fin base; other rows ending at caudal-fin base. Dorsal fin originating between first and second bony plates in dorsal row. Anal fin originating just posterior to first bony plate in ventral row. Pectoral-fin length 1.67 in HL, its tip reaching to vertical through base of sixth dorsal-fin soft ray; lower-two rays detached and thickened, with upper one longer than lower. Pelvic-fin length 1.73 in HL, its tip reaching slightly posterior to anus, to second bony plate on ventral row. Caudal fin truncated, slightly rounded.

Coloration (fresh).

(Fig. 1 ), head and body reddish yellow. Bony plates on dorsal and upper lateral rows yellow on center and posterior margins. Bony plates on lower lateral and ventral rows pale. Pectoral fin red, slightly tinted with yellow. Pelvic, anal, and caudal fins pale. Dorsal fin pale, with distal half yellow or red. Longest barbel yellow and tinted with red.

Coloration (preserved).

(Fig. 2 ), head, body, all barbels, oral cavity, gill membrane, and arches, and all fins pale. Peritoneum black.

Figures

Figure 1. Fresh condition of Paraheminodus kamoharai, NMMB-P 39557, 120.1 mm SL. (A) Lateral view. (B) Close-up image of head in lateral view. (C) Close-up image of head in dorsal view. anterior to left. figure not to scale. Photos by C. - F. Lin.

Figure 2. Preserved condition of Paraheminodus kamoharai, NMMB-P 39557, 120.1 mm SL. (A) Lateral view. (B) Dorsal view. (C) Ventral view. Photos by Y. Su.

Figure 3. Line drawing of ventral view of Paraheminodus kamoharai, NMMB-P 39557, 120.1 mm SL, showing barbels on the lip (L) and chin (C), with villiform tooth patch on upper jaw shaded in grey. Anterior to top. Figure not to scale. Illustrated by Y. Su.

Figure 4. Bony plates on upper lateral row of Paraheminodus kamoharai, NMMB-P 39557, 120.1 mm SL, preserved. Arrows point to the antrorse spines. Anterior to left. Scale bar = 5 mm. Photo by Y. Su.