Pulvinaria floccifera ( Westwood, 1870 )

Choi, Jinyeong, Soysouvanh, Pheophanh, Lee, Seunghwan & Hong, Ki-Jeong, 2018, Review of the family Coccidae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in Laos, Zootaxa 4460 (1), pp. 1-62 : 44-46

Pulvinaria floccifera ( Westwood, 1870)

( Figs 39 , 40 )

Coccus flocciferus Westwood, 1870: 308 .

Diagnosis. Dorsal derm without polygonal reticulations; tubular ducts absent; duct tubercles present ( Fig. 40B ). Marginal setae with pointed or frayed apices ( Fig. 40D ). Stigmatic clefts distinct, each containing 3 stigmatic spines ( Figs 39C , 40E ). Venter with multilocular disc-pores usually each with 7 loculi, mainly present around vulvar area, a few pores also present laterad of each meta-, meso- and procoxa ( Fig. 40H ); tubular ducts of 3 types: type I each with a broad inner ductule, mainly present on medial area of head, thorax and anterior abdomen, type II each with a narrow inner ductule, mainly present on medial area of posterior abdomen and submarginal area of abdomen, and type III each with a filamentous inner ductule, present on submarginal area ( Figs 39D , 40J ); antenna 6 to 8 segmented ( Fig. 40M ) (partially adopted from Tanaka & Amano 2007).

Material examined. 2 ♀♀, LAOS, Pakngum Dist., Vientiane Capital, 28.viii.2016, coll. P.P. Soysouvanh, on Centotheca lappacea (L.) Desv. ( Poaceae ).

Hosts. Polyphagous. According to García Morales et al. (2016), P. floccifera has been recorded from plants belonging to 50 genera in 35 families.

Distribution. All zoogeographical regions; Oriental Region ( India and Vietnam) ( Hodgson & Henderson 2000; García Morales et al. 2016); Laos (new country record).

Economic importance. Łagowska et al. (2017) described P. floccifera as a serious pest of ornamental plants in Europe; and in Iran, it is considered to be a serious pest of citrus ( Naeimamini et al. 2014) and tea ( Camellia sinensis ) ( Hallaji-Sani et al. 2012).

Remarks. Pulvinaria floccifera is very similar to P. urbicola Cockerell , but Tanaka & Amano (2007) separated the species based on the presence or absence of dermal areolations and the number of preopercular pores: P. floccifera lacks dermal areolations and has 48–83 preopercular pores, whereas P. urbicola has dermal areolations and only 4–27 preopercular pores.

Figures

FIGURE 39. Pulvinaria floccifera (Westwood, 1870). A, female in life; B, slide-mounted adult female; C, stigmatic spines; D, ventral tubular ducts on submarginal area of abdomen. Scale lines for B = 0.5 mm; C = 50 µm; D = 10 µm.

FIGURE 40. Pulvinaria floccifera (Westwood, 1870), adult female, from Tanaka & Amano (2007). A, dorsal seta; B, dorsal tubercle; C, dorsal microduct; D, marginal setae; E, stigmatic spines; F, preopercular pore; G, anal plates; H, multilocular discpore; I, leg; J1-3, ventral tubular ducts; K, ventral microduct; L, spiracular disc-pore; M, antenna.