Xanthopimpla pedator (Fabricius, 1775)

Watanabe, Kyohei & Matsumoto, Rikio, 2021, Revision of the genus Xanthopimpla Saussure, 1892 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) from Japan, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68 (2), pp. 269-297 : 269

Xanthopimpla pedator (Fabricius, 1775)

Figs 2C , 4I , 5J , 6E

Ichneumon punctator Linnaeus, 1767: 935. Name preoccupied by Müller 1766. Synonymised by Fabricius (1793).

Ichneumon pedator Fabricius, 1775: 828.

Ichneumon multipunctor Thunberg, 1822: 262. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla scutata Krieger, 1899: 85; Townes et al. 1961: 67. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla punctatrix Schulz, 1906: 114. Synonymised by Yu and Horstmann (1997).

Xanthopimpla braueri Krieger, 1914: 43; Townes et al. 1961: 51; Townes et al. 1965: 60. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla manilensis Krieger, 1914: 43; Townes et al. 1961: 59. Synonymised by Townes and Chiu (1970).

Xanthopimpla multipunctor : Townes et al. 1961: 61.

Xanthopimpla iaponica : Uchida 1956: 92.

Xanthopimpla japonica (!): Momoi 1970: 334, misident. (at least in part); Kusigemati 1976: 127, misident.

Xanthopimpla punctator : Townes et al. 1961: 65; Townes et al. 1965: 62.

Xanthopimpla pedator : Matsumura and Uchida 1926: 74; Townes and Chiu 1970: 39; Watanabe 2011: 17.

Comparative diagnosis.

This species belongs to the regina species group sensu Townes and Chiu (1970). This species can be distinguished from other species of the group by the following combination of character states: face with a low, sublateral, vertical ridge on each side; scutellum conical; front edge of notaulus with a sharp-edged transverse crest; median black mark on mesoscutum well separated from black mark in front of scutellum (Fig. 2C ); T II to IV each with a pair of black spots (Fig. 2C ); T III to V densely, coarsely punctate (Fig. 6E ); female without black spots on T VI (Fig. 2C ); ovipositor sheath 1.05-1.25 × length of hind tibia.

Materials examined.

Japan: [ Kyushu ] 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Kagoshima City, Uearatacho, 21 Aug 1964 , K. Hashimoto leg., 24 Aug. em. from Melacosoma neustria testacea Motsc. (SEHU); 1 F, same locality, 4 Jul 1973 , H. Kamiwada leg. (SEHU). [Ryukyu Isls.] 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Kuchinoerabujima Is., 29 Jul-13 Aug 1963 , Heian leg. (NSMT); 3 F & 2 M, Kagoshima Pref., Tokara Isls., Takarajima Is., 15 Jul 1964 , A. Tanaka & H. Shima leg. (SEHU); 1 M, ditto, 17 Jul 1964 , A. Tanaka leg. (SEHU); 1 M, ditto , M. Nishikawa leg. (TUA); 1 M, ditto, 20 Jul 1964 , H. Shima leg. (SEHU); 2 M, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., IV. 1954 , T. Kumata leg. (SEHU); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Nishinakama, 25 Jul 1958 , R. Kano leg. (NSMT); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Yuwan-Isyara, 12 Jul 1959 (NSMT) ; 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Uragami, 12 Apr 1980 , K. Kusigemati leg. (SEHU); 1 M, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Kamiya, 30 Jun 1992 , R. Noda leg. (NIAES); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Amamioshima Is., Tatsugo Vil., Ikuri, 28 Mar 2001 , H. Yoshida leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Tokunoshima Is., Isen, 11 Apr 1954 , R. Ishikawa leg. (KPMNH); 1 M, Kagoshima Pref., Tokunoshima Is., Higashiamagi, 16 May 1954 , S. Taniguchi leg. (SEHU); 1 F & 1 M, Kagoshima Pref., Tokunoshima Is., Kametsu, 19 May 1954 , S. Taniguchi leg. (SEHU); 1 ex. (apex of metasoma broken), Kagoshima Pref., Tokunoshima Is., Boma, 23 Apr 1954 , T. Oku leg. (SEHU); 2 M, Kagoshima Pref., Okinoerabu Is., Koshiyama, 27 Jul 1964 O. Sato leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Okinoerabu Is., Oyama-Kamihirakawa, 28 Jul 1964 , O. Sato leg. (OMNH); 2 M, Kagoshima Pref., Okinoerabu Is., Tokutoki, 27 Jul 1964 O. Sato leg. (OMNH); 1 F, ditto, 28 Jul 1964 (OMNH) ; 1 F, Kagoshima Pref., Okinoerabu Is., Wadomari, 27 Jul 1992 , R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 11 M & 2 F, Kagoshima Pref., Okinoerabu Is., 14 Nov 2009 , E. Nishida leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Okinawa Pref., Okinawa Is., Kunigami Vil., Benoki, 19 Sep 2008 , H. Inoue leg. (OMNH); 1 M, Okinawa Pref., Okinawa Is., Nago City, Suku, 21 Oct 1990 , M. Hayashi leg. (NIAES); 1 F, Okinawa Pref., Okinawa Is., Nago City, Mt. Nago-dake , 10 Oct 2001 , H. Irei & H. Makihara leg. (MT) (KPMNH); 1 F, Okinawa Pref., Miyako Is., Onosanrin, 21 Aug 2011 , Y. Fujisawa leg. (KPMNH); 1 M, Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is., Sakieda, 26 Apr 2006 , T. Toita leg. (OMNH); 13 M, Okinawa Pref., Ishigaki Is., Arakawa, 27 Apr 2019 , R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH). Taiwan: 1 F, Nantou, Nanshanchi, 12 Jul 1966 , T. Tano leg. (KPMNH). Vietnam: 1 F, Bac Can, Ba Be National Park , 2 May 2006 , R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Ninh Binh, Cuc Phuong National Park , 24 Apr 1998 , R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH).

Distribution.

Japan (Kyushu, Nakanoshima Is., Amamioshima Is., Tokunoshima Is., Okinawa Is., Miyako Is. and Ishigaki Is.). Outside Japan, this species has been recorded from Bangladesh, China, France, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan and Vietnam ( Yu et al. 2016).

Bionomics.

In Japan, adults were collected from April to August and October. Kusigemati (1976) recorded a host, Malacosoma neustria testaceum (Motschulsky, 1861) ( Lepidoptera , Lasiocampidae ) from Japan. Townes and Chiu (1970) also recorded two hosts, Dendrolimus punctatus (Walker, 1855) and D. spectabilis (Butler, 1877) ( Lepidoptera : Lasiocampidae ), based on the materials from Hong Kong and Taiwan.

Remarks.

This is the first record of this species from Kyushu, Kuchinoerabujima Is, Takarajima Is., Tokunoshima Is. and Miyako Is. We examined the voucher specimens of " X. japonica " used in Uchida (1956) and Kusigemati (1976) and confirmed that all of them are identified as this species.

Figures

Figure 2. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, B. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; C. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); D. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); E. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); F. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; G. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; H, I. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. A, C-H. dorsal habitus; B. mesoscutum, dorsal view; I. propodeum and T I, dorsal view.

Figure 4. Propodeum of Japanese Xanthopimpla, dorsal view A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G. X. naenia Morley, 1913; H. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; I. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); J. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); K. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); L. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; M. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; N. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (H, L, N. holotype).

Figure 5. Japanese Xanthopimpla - A. X. clavata Krieger, 1914; B. X. flavolineata Cameron, 1907; C. X. honorata honorata (Cameron, 1899); D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. minuta Cameron, 1905; F. X. modesta modesta (Smith, 1860); G, H. X. naenia Morley, 1913; I, P. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; J. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775); K. X. punctata (Fabricius, 1781); L. X. stemmator (Thunberg, 1822); M, Q. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; N. X. trias Townes & Chiu, 1970; O, R. X. yoshimurai sp. nov. (I, M, O-R. holotype) A-O. left hind leg, lateral view; P-R. left hind tarsal claw, lateral view.

Figure 6. Japanese Xanthopimpla A, F. X. nipponensis sp. nov.; B, G. X. sylvicola sp. nov.; C, H. X. yoshimurai sp. nov.; D. X. konowi Krieger, 1899; E. X. pedator (Fabricius, 1775) (A-C, F. holotype; G, H. paratype) A-C. T I, dorsal view; D, E. T III, dorsal view; F-H. apex of ovipositor, lateral view.