Hemitrachys Gorham, 1876

Yang, Gan-Yan & Yang, Xing-Ke, 2013, Revision of the genus Hemitrachys Gorham, with discovery of a second species (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Clerinae), Zootaxa 3710 (1) : -

Hemitrachys Gorham, 1876

Hemitrachys Gorham, 1876: 92 (Type species: Hemitrachys bizonatus Gorham, 1876 ; by original designation); —Schenkling, 1903: 26, 73.

Diagnosis. This genus is similar to genera Tillicera Spinola and Clerus Geoffroy , but it can be distinguished from Tillicera by mesotarsomeres I absolutely without pulvilli (Fig. 34, 35), elytra shorter, EL/EW = 1.58–1.80 (EL/EW = 2.01–2.37 in Tillicera , c.f. Gerstmeier & Bernhard, 2010, Yang et al. 2011).

This genus can be distinguished from Clerus by antennae broader, A6–10 wider than long, A10 about 1.5–2.0 times wider than long; major setal alveoli (with long, erect setae inserted) on pronotum proper strongly raised and thus the surface of pronotum proper granulose.

Redescription. Size: length 6.2–9.0 mm, width 2.3–2.9 mm.

Head: Head including eyes slightly narrower than pronotum; frons and vertex with fine punctures, each puncture bearing a yellow pubescence; anterior margin of frons with dense yellow pubescence. Eyes large, acutely emarginate near antennal insertions, finely granulate; a ridge present on anterior outer margin of each eye, slightly longer than or as long as A1. Labrum apex deeply emarginate in middle; mandibles stout, curved, with internal tooth near apex; terminal segment of maxillary palpi oblong, cylindrical, narrower towards apex, that of labial palpi triangular, both almost as long as their preceding two segments combined. Antennae short, only slightly longer than pronotum; A1 stout and bent, two or three times length of A2; A2 short, cylindrical to globular; A3 slender, twice length of A2; A4 longer than wide, shorter than A3; A5–10 compressed, trapeziform, increasingly wider than their respective preceding segments, A5 a little longer than or as long as wide, A6–10 wider than long, A10 about 1.5–2.0 times wider than long; A11 a little longer than wide; A5–11 forming a compact club. Gular sutures divergent apically, gula short; post-gular plate trapezoidal, posterior margin about 1.5 times as long as anterior margin, length about 1.5 times as long as posterior margin.

Prothorax: Slightly wider than long (PL/PW = 0.87–0.97); subapical impression deep and entire, each lateral marginal area of pronotum proper strongly swollen with two protuberances, the anterior one convex laterally, present on the greatest width of pronotum, the posterior one dorso-laterally convex, close to the posterior margin of pronotum proper (the protuberances prominent in H. bizonatus , less distinct in H. tubericollis n. sp.); a distinct lateral pit present between the two protuberances; prebasal depression present. Pronotal arch with long erect setae, and short decumbent setae; pronotum proper with sparse long erect setae, and also some short decumbent setae. Alveoli of erect setae on pronotum proper strongly raised, and thus the surface of pronotum proper granulose: in H. bizonatus only setal alveoli on disc raised, while those around and outside lateral pits not raised; in H. tubericollis n. sp. all setal alveoli raised.

Pterothorax: Elytra wider than pronotum, EL/EW = 1.58–1.80; elytral sides almost parallel, slightly narrowed towards apex; basal half of elytra with 10 rows of coarse punctures, each interval with a regular row of tubercles, except in some cases the third interval with a cluster of tubercles that are more or less raised; diameter of tubercles on intervals slightly less than diameter of punctures; apical half of elytra with minute, evenly distributed punctures, not in rows; hind wing as in Figs. 36–37. Legs with short, grey decumbent setae and long, yellow or brown erect setae; tibiae without longitudinal ridge, tibial spur formula 1–2–2; tarsi formula 5–5–5, tarsomeres I very short and invisible from dorsal view; protarsomeres I–IV with evident pulvilli beneath almost the whole tarsomeres (III–IV bilobed apically); meso- and metatarsomeres I without pulvilli, II with rudimentary pulvilli on posterior margin, III–IV with pulvilli evidently bilobed apically (Figs. 34, 35); each claw with a broad basal tooth.

Ventral surface: With some grey pubescences; lateral and posterior sides of metasternum and metepisternum densely covered with yellow slim decumbent setae.

Male terminalia: Tegmen tubular, slender, ratio of distance between tegminal apex and dorsal sinus to whole length of tegmen about 1: 11, dorsal and ventral sinuses of tegmen equally deep ( Figs. 5, 6 , 20 ); phallic plate sclerotized along midline, lateral part membranous; margin without denticles ( Figs. 7, 8 , 27 ); apex of phallus with tiny speculum on dorsal and ventral sides ( Figs. 8, 12-19 , 25, 28 ); length of whole spicular fork about four times as long as length of spicular apodeme ( Figs. 9 , 22 ); male sternite VI with posterior margin emarginate in middle ( Figs. 11 , 24 ); female sternite VI with posterior margin almost straight ( Fig. 33 ).

Female reproductive system: Refer to H. tubericollis n. sp.

Distribution. Oriental region ( Fig. 38 ).

Key to species of Hemitrachys Gorham

1. Dorsal surface of A1 as dark as other antennomeres; pronotal setal alveoli around and outside lateral pits not raised and thus lateral sides of pronotum not granulose; sternite VIII with posterior margin strongly notched in middle ( Fig. 11 )............................................................................................... H. bizonatus Gorham

- Dorsal surface of A1 distinctly lighter than other antennomeres; pronotal setal alveoli around and outside lateral pits strongly raised as in the case of the setal alveoli in disc, and thus the whole pronotum granulose; sternite VIII with posterior margin shallowly concaved ( Fig. 24 )............................................................ H. tubericollis n. sp.

Figures

FIGURE 38. Distribution map of the genus Hemitrachys Gorham.

FIGURES 5 – 19. Terminalia of Hemitrachys bizonatus Gorham, 1876. 5 – 15 Specimen from Brunei. 5 – 6 Tegmen (5 Dorsal view; 6 Ventral view); 7 – 8 Phallus (7 Lateral view; 8 Ventral view); 9 Spicular fork; 10 Tergite VIII; 11 Sternite VIII; 12 – 15 Posterior apex of phallus (12, 14 Ventral view; 13, 15 Dorsal view). 16 – 19 Specimen from Penang, posterior apex of phallus (16, 17 Ventral view; 18, 19 Dorsal view). [Figs. 15, 19 only show the spiculum on dorsal surface and ignore the spiculum on ventral surface, which can be seen in Fig. 13, 17 as the apex of phallus is semi-transparent].

FIGURES 20 – 28. Terminalia of Hemitrachys tubericollis n. sp. 20 – 24 Holotype. 20 Tegmen in dorsal view; 21 Phallus; 22 Spicular fork; 23 Tergite VIII; 24 Sternite VIII. 25 – 28 Posterior phallus (25, 26 Dorsal view; 27 Lateral view; 28 Ventral view); from a paratype (No. IOZ (E) 1890749).

FIGURES 29 – 33. Female reproductive organs of Hemitrachys tubericollis n. sp., Paratype (No. IOZ (E) 1890748). 29 – 30 Ovipositor (29 Dorsal view; 30 Ventral view); 29 a Tip of dorsal lamina of ovipositor (three times magnification as Fig. 29); 31 Genital chamber; 32 Tergite VIII; 33 Sternite VIII. FIGURES 34 – 35. Mesotarsi of H. tubericollis n. sp. (34 Tarsomeres I – V, holotype, dry material; 35 Tarsomeres I – II, paratype No. IOZ (E) 1890749, wet material). FIGURES 36 – 37. Hind wing (36 Hemitrachys bizonatus; 37 H. tubericollis n. sp.). Abbreviations: aps = attached point connected vaginal strip with vagina; bc = bursa copulatrix; dl = dorsal lamina of ovipositor; mo = median oviduct; pb = proctigeral bacculi; sp = spermatheca; spd = spermathecal duct; spg = spermathecal gland; sz = swollen zone; vb = ventral bacculi; vl = ventral lamina of ovipositor; vg = vagina.