Otacilia mingyueshan Liu, 2023

Liu, Ming-kang, Jiang, Zi-min, Xiao, Yong-hong, Liu, Ke-ke & Xu, Xiang, 2023, Three new species of Otacilia Thorell, 1897 (Araneae, Phrurolithidae) from South China, ZooKeys 1180, pp. 129-144 : 129

Otacilia mingyueshan Liu sp. nov.

Figs 5 , 6 , 7C , 8D

Type materials.

Holotype: ♂ (Phu-151), China, Jiangxi Province, Yichun City, Yuanzhou District, Wenquan Town, Mingyueshan National Forest Park, near Yungu Waterfall, 27°35'39.35"N, 114°16'10.04"E, 711 m, 15 October 2022, leg. Ke-ke Liu et al. Paratypes: 2 ♂, 3 ♀, with the same data as holotype (Phu-151).

Etymology.

The specific name derived from the type locality, Mingyueshan National Forest Park; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis.

The male of the new species is similar to O. guanshan sp. nov. and O. wugongshanica Liu, 2020 ( Liu et al. 2020b: 17, fig. 12A, D, E) in having the carapace with broad, dark-brown, mottled markings medially and a clavate retrolateral tegular apophysis, but it can be separated from them by the retrolateral tibial apophysis with moderate apex (vs thicker in O. guanshan sp. nov. and thin in O. wugongshanica ) (cf. Fig. 5F, G and Fig. 3E, F and Liu et al. 2020b: 17, fig. 12E, F), the reniform distal tegular apophysis (vs oval in O. guanshan sp. nov. and similar in O. wugongshanica ) (cf. Fig. 5D and Fig. 3D and Liu et al. 2020b: 17, fig. 12D, E), and the crescent-shaped embolus (vs similar in O. wugongshanica and hook-shaped in O. guanshan sp. nov.) (cf. Fig. 5D , Fig. 3D , and Liu et al. 2020b: 17, fig. 12D). The female resembles those of O. guanshan sp. nov., and O. wugongshanica Liu, 2020 ( Liu et al. 2020b: 17, fig. 14C, D) in having the bow and arrow-shaped mark in epigynal plate, but the new species can be separated from them by the trapezoidal median septum (vs spindle-shaped in O. guanshan sp. nov. and O. wugongshanica ) (cf. Fig. 6C , Fig. 4C , and Liu et al. 2020b: 17, fig. 14C), the straightly sloping connecting tubes (vs similar in O. guanshan sp. nov. and curved in O. wugongshanica ) (cf. Fig. 6D , Fig. 4D , and Liu et al. 2020b: 17, fig. 14D) and the widely separated spermathecae (vs relatively widely separated in O. guanshan sp. nov. and touching in O. wugongshanica ) (cf. Fig. 6D and Fig. 4D and Liu et al. 2020b: 17, fig. 14D).

Description.

Male (holotype). Habitus as in Fig. 5A, B . Total length 3.02, carapace 1.50 long, 1.26 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.08, PME 0.07, PLE 0.08; AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.03, PME-PME 0.12, PME-PLE 0.05, AME-PME 0.11, AME-PLE 0.18, ALE-ALE 0.24, PLE-PLE 0.39, ALE-PLE 0.09. MOA 0.24 long, frontal width 0.20, posterior width 0.28. Chelicerae with three promarginal and six retromarginal teeth. Sternum (Fig. 5B ), posterior end triangular, relatively blunt. Leg measurements: I 5 (1.34, 0.43, 1.43, 1.12, 0.68); II 4.73 (1.2, 0.43, 1.26, 1.13, 0.71); III 4.12 (1.07, 0.32, 0.93, 1.14, 0.66); IV 6.16 (1.65, 0.46, 1.24, 1.87, 0.94). Leg spination (Fig. 5A, B ): femora I d1, p1111, II d1, p11, III d1, IV d1; tibiae I v222222, II v222222, metatarsi I v2222, II v2222. Pedicel 0.09 long. Abdomen (Fig. 5A, B ) 1.56 long, 0.97 wide, weak dorsal scutum in anterior half.

Colouration (Fig. 5A, B ). Carapace yellow with conspicuous, irregular, dark-yellow-brown mottled markings radially along midline and arc-shaped dark stripes around margin. Chelicerae yellow-brown. Endites and labium yellow. Sternum yellowish. Legs yellow, with conspicuous annulation on femora. Abdomen black-brown, with pair of small, oval and pair of large, irregular yellowish spots on posterior dorsal scutum, three pale chevron-shaped stripes on submedial part, and indistinct yellowish arc-shaped stripe posteriorly; venter with H-shaped and pair of sloping markings posteriorly.

Palp (Figs 5C-G , 7C ). Femoral apophysis (FA) well developed, nearly as wide as half of femoral width. Tibia with three apophyses: one small, tubercle-like ventro-retrolateral apophysis (VTA) proximally; one large retrolateral apophysis (RTA), longer than tibia, tapering from broad base to spine-like apex in dorsal view, bent inwards toward cymbial groove (Gr); one thickened, ridge-like prolateral apophysis (PTA). Sperm duct (SD) V-shaped in ventral view, reaching subposterior part of tegulum. Retrolateral tegular apophysis (rTA) fan-shaped, thick, directed anterolaterally, shorter than embolus and distal tegular apophysis in ventral view. Distal tegular apophysis (dTA) reniform, membranous, arising from base of embolus and retrolateral part of sperm duct. Embolus (Em) crescent-shaped, strongly curved, relatively thick, with a broad base.

Female. Habitus as in Fig. 6A, B . Total length 3.08, carapace 1.50 long, 1.37 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.07, PME 0.06, PLE 0.07, AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.04, PME-PME 0.14, PME-PLE 0.08, AME-PME 0.11, AME-PLE 0.19, ALE-ALE 0.29, PLE-PLE 0.40, ALE-PLE 0.11. MOA 0.23 long, frontal width 0.19, posterior width 0.25. Leg measurements: I 6.11 (1.65, 0.61, 1.88, 1.26, 0.71); II 5.22 (1.29, 0.54, 1.47, 1.25, 0.67); III 4.15 (1.05, 0.46, 0.98, 1.07, 0.59); IV 6.03 (1.63, 0.47, 1.53, 1.51, 0.89). Leg spination (Fig. 6A, B ): femora I d1, p1111, II d1, p111, III d1, IV d1; tibiae I v2222222, II v222222, metatarsi I v2222, II v222. Pedicel 0.08 long. Abdomen (Fig. 6A, B ) 1.59 long, 1.18 wide.

Colouration (Fig. 6A, B ). Paler than male.

Epigyne (Fig. 6C, D ). Epigynal plate bow- and arrow-shaped, posteriorly with elongated trapezoidal median septum (MS). Fovea located anteriorly, separated by strongly sclerotised transverse margin. Copulatory openings (CO) oval, touching at margin, arising from anterior part of median septum. Copulatory ducts (CD) splayed, longer than connecting tubes. Bursae (Bu) large, bean-shaped, widely separated, nearly covering more than 1/2 of epigynal plate. Glandular appendages (GA) small, directed laterally in ventral view. Connecting tubes (CT) relatively broad, very short, nearly parallel in ventral view. Spermathecae (Spe) globular, separated by more than their length, located on subposterior part of endogyne. Fertilisation ducts (FD) short, located at anterior of spermathecae, directed anteriorly.

Distribution.

Known only from the type locality in Jiangxi Province, China (Fig. 9 ).

Figures

Figure 3. Otacilia guanshan sp. nov., male holotype A habitus, dorsal view B same, ventral view C palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F same, dorso-retrolateral view. Abbreviations: dTA - distal tegular apophysis, Em - embolus, FA - femoral apophysis, Gr - groove, PTA - prolateral tibial apophysis, rTA - retrolateral tegular apophysis, RTA - retrolateral tibial apophysis, SD - sperm duct, VTA - ventro-retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C-F).

Figure 4. Otacilia guanshan sp. nov., female paratype A habitus, dorsal view B same, ventral view C epigyne, ventral view D vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Bu - bursa, CD - copulatory duct, CO - copulatory opening, CT - connecting tube, FD - fertilisation ducts, GA - glandular appendage, MS - median septum, Spe - spermathecae. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, D).

Figure 5. Otacilia mingyueshan sp. nov., male holotype A habitus, dorsal view B same, ventral view C palp, prolateral view D same, ventral view E same, retrolateral view F same, dorso-retrolateral view. Abbreviations: dTA - distal tegular apophysis, Em - embolus, FA - femoral apophysis, Gr - groove, PTA - prolateral tibial apophysis, rTA - retrolateral tegular apophysis, RTA - retrolateral tibial apophysis, SD - sperm duct, VTA - ventro-retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C-F).

Figure 6. Otacilia mingyueshan sp. nov., female paratype A habitus, dorsal view B same, ventral view C epigyne, ventral view D vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Bu - bursa, CD - copulatory duct, CO - copulatory opening, CT - connecting tube, FD - fertilisation ducts, GA - glandular appendage, MS - median septum, Spe - spermathecae. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, D).

Figure 7. SEM micrographs of Otacilia spp. from China, palp of male paratype A O. anfu sp. nov., ventral view B O. guanshan sp. nov., ventral view C O. mingyueshan sp. nov., ventral view. Abbreviations: dTA - distal tegular apophysis, EBP - embolic basal process, Em - embolus, rTA - distal tegular apophysis.

Figure 8. Photographs of living Otacilia specimens from Jiangxi Province, China A O. anfu sp. nov. B, C O. guanshan sp. nov. D O. mingyueshan sp. nov.

Figure 9. Records of Otacilia anfu sp. nov., O. guanshan sp. nov., and O. mingyueshan sp. nov. in Jiangxi Province, China.