Entomobrya idenilzae, Viana & Morais & Cipola, 2024

Viana, Stéphanie Dos Santos, Morais, José Wellington De & Cipola, Nikolas Gioia, 2024, Taxonomic revision of Entomobrya Rondani, 1861 (Collembola: Entomobryidae: Entomobryinae) from the Brazilian Amazon, Zootaxa 5452 (1), pp. 1-110 : 81-90

Entomobrya idenilzae sp. nov. Viana & Cipola

Figs 60–66 , 72 , Table 3

Type Material. Holotype female on slide ( INPA-CLL 0000343 ): Brazil, Amazonas state, Rio Preto da Eva municipality, “Aprisco Pásargada” farm, forest to 40 meters from the edge, 02°42’26.6”S, 59°42’53.2”W ( Fig. 72 ), 45 m, 13.xii.2013, suspended-trap, BG Oliveira coll. Twelve paratypes on slides: 7 females ( INPA-CLL 0000344– 350 ), 2 females ( CC / UFRN), 2 females ( MNRJ), and 1 female ( MZUSP), same date as holotype.

Other examined material. One male and 1 female on slides and 4 specimens in alcohol ( INPA): same date as holotype . One specimen in alcohol ( INPA): idem, except 20 meters from the edge, 13.ix.2013 . Two specimens in alcohol ( INPA): idem, except “ Santa Terezinha ” farm, 60 meters from the edge, 02°40’15”S, 59°39’22”W ( Fig. 72 ), 72 m, 30.x.2013 . One male and 1 female on slides and 5 specimens in alcohol ( INPA): idem, except 80 meters from the edge, 27.ix.2013 . One female on slide ( INPA): Alvarães municipality, “São Joaquim” route, 03°26’21”S, 64°48’21”W, 47 m, 19–25.iv.2015, malaise-trap, FF Xavier & GFG Miranda coll. One male and 3 females on slides and 2 specimens in alcohol ( INPA): Itacoatiara municipality, Federal University of Amazonas, campus II, 03°05’37.68”S, 58°27’31.78”W, 30 m, 11.xi.2017, malaise-trap, AC Barata coll. One female on slide ( INPA): Manaus municipality, “Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental”, forest near to cultivation of conventional Guaraná, 02°53’42.18”S, 59°59’10.58”W, 97 m, 23.xi.2012, möerick-trap, K Schoeninger coll. One specimen in alcohol ( INPA): idem, except in cultivation of organic Guaraná , 02°53’29.14”S, 59°58’45.80”W, 10.xi.2012 . One female on slide ( INPA): State Park “Sumaúma”, 03°02’05”S, 59°58’40”W, 84 m, 14–20.iv.2016, malaise-trap, I Fernandes & E. Acácio coll. Two females and 1 juvenile on slides ( INPA): Biological Reserve “Cuieiras ZF2”, creek affluent of “Cuieiras” river, 02°35’20.6”S, 60°06’55.3”W, 122 m, 19–22.xi.2009, MN Mendonça coll. Two females on slides and 5 specimens in alcohol ( INPA): idem, except 02°38’24”S, 60°09’30”W, 119 m, 02–05.xi.2013, JA Rafael, JT Câmara & FF Xavier F coll. One specimen in alcohol ( INPA): Reserve “Ducke”, headquarters, 02°55’S, 59°58’W, 82 m, 01–15.x.2014, AM Silva – Neto coll. One specimen in alcohol ( INPA): idem, except “’L3-2500” grid, 02°56’31”S, 59°56’39”W, 79 m, 25–27.iii.2013, yellow plate-trap, NG Cipola & MB Graça coll. One specimen in alcohol ( INPA): idem, except “’L3-3500” grid, 02°56’26”S, 59°56’08”W, 77 m. One female on slide and 1 specimen in alcohol ( INPA): idem, except “’L2-1500” grid, 02°56’00”S, 59°57’16”W, 75 m, 29.vii–01.viii.2016, malaise-trap, DG Pádua, SS Gadelha & MBCS Graça coll. Two females on slides and 2 specimens in alcohol ( INPA): idem, except “’L3” grid, near to creek, 02°57’09.99”S, 59°57’25.20”W, 64 m . One juvenile on slide ( INPA): Federal University of Amazonas , 03°05’59”S, 59°58’17”W, 83 m, 22–27.viii.2012, pitfall-trap, MBCS Graça & NG Cipola coll. One female on slide ( INPA): Manicoré municipality, State Park of “Matupiri”, “319” road, grid of Biodiversity Research Program, 04°59’2.39”S, 61°34’30.00”W, 40 m, vii.2008, winkler-trap, JS Araújo & FB Baccaro coll. One male and 1 female on slide ( INPA): Maués municipality, forest of “ Santa Helena ” farm, next to “Morais” road, 03°27’13”S, 57°39’01”W, 23 m, 28.iv.2017 – 09.v.2017, malaise-trap, A Somavilla coll. One specimen in alcohol ( INPA): Novo Airão municipality, “Mato Grosso” creek, 02°49’00”S, 60°55’08”W, 35 m, 07–09.xii.2013, malaise-trap, JA Rafael, JT Câmara & FF Xavier F coll. Two males on slides ( INPA): idem, except “AM-352” road, 02°42’56”S, 60°57’02”W , 75 m. Two males and 3 specimens in alcohol ( INPA): Tefé municipality, “Emade” road, 04 km, 03°26’48”S, 64°37’42”W, 64 m, 02–04.i.2013, pitfall-trap, AM Pereira Jr. coll.

Diagnosis. Body bluish with or without irregular dark spots, usually with a V-shaped spot on head, 1+1 spots on Abd III, and two transverse dark bands on Abd IV; rarely with a transverse band from Th III to Abd II ( Figs 60A–H , 61A–L ). Ant IV without the apical bulb; pl1–2 smooth and bifurcate ( Fig. 62C ); head macrochaetotaxy with 6–8 ‘ An ’, 3(4) ‘ A ’, 2–3 ‘ M ’, 5–8(9) ‘ S ’, 1–2 ‘ Ps ’, 4 ‘ Pa ’, 0–2 ‘ Pi ’, 2 ‘ Pm ’, 1 ‘ Pmp ’, 4 ‘ Pp ’, 0–1 ‘ Ppe ’ and 3 ‘ Pe ’ mac, respectively ( Fig. 62D ); labral inner papillae with 2–3 projections, outer with 2 projections ( Fig. 63A ); labial papilla E l.p. finger-shaped and surpassing the base of a.a. ( Fig. 63B ); Th II internally with 7–9 anterior, 4–11 median and 17–19 posterior mac; Th III–Abd I with 17–20(22) and 6–10 mac, respectively; Abd II–III with 4(3, 5) and 0 inner mac, respectively; Abd IV with 13–21(22) inner and 11–21(22) outer mac ( Figs 64A–C ); unguiculus III ai lamella excavate and pe smooth ( Fig. 65D ); collophore anteriorly with 3 distal mac ( Fig. 66A ); dens distally with 2 rows of large modified chaetae; mucro proximal tooth larger than the distal one, basal spine surpassing the apex of the proximal tooth.

Description. Total length (head + trunk) of specimens 1.68–2.37 mm (n=4), holotype 2.37 mm. Specimens with background color weakly to strongly bluish, with irregular depigmentation dorsally on head, Th II to Abd V, collophore and furcula, plus small irregular depigmented spots on Ant I–IV, laterally on head, Th II and Abd IV. Diverse shades of blue pigments present in different shapes, head dorsally with an anterior V-shaped spot, Abd III with 1+1 dorsal spots, and two transverse dark bands on Abd IV (median and posterior); femur I–III enterily dark or just distally pigmented; tibiotarsus I–III with or without proximal and distal spots. Specimens rarely with a transverse band from Th III to Abd II. If specimens yellowish, then the typical spots are blackish; eyepatches black ( Figs 60A–H , 61A–L ).

Head. Antenna shorter or subequal to the trunk length ( Figs 60E–H , 61G–L ), ratio antennae: trunk = 0.73–0.94: 1 (n=4), holotype 0.94: 1; antennal ratio as I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.35–1.66: 1.05–1.57: 1.66–2.49 (n=4), holotype 1: 1.35: 1.17: 1.66. Ant IV weakly annulated on its distal 3/4 and devoid of apical bulb, with 4 apical finger-shaped sens and numerous sens of different sizes. Ant III sense organ with 2 conical-shaped sens, 3 guard sens, 3 elongated sens and at least 4 finger-shaped sens ( Fig. 62A ). Ant II dorsally with about 5 elongated sens and 5 mac; ventrally with 4 apically acuminate mac ( Fig. 62B ). Ant I dorsally with about 5 elongated sens, 5–6 mac and 3 smooth mic at the base ( Fig. 62B ). Eyes A and B larger, G and H slightly smaller than the others, with 6 interocular chaetae (q, v, s, p, r, t); head dorsal chaetotaxy ( Fig. 62D ) with 6–8 ‘ An ’, 3–4 ‘ A ’ (1 mac rarely present), 2–3 ‘ M ’, 6–9 ‘ S ’ (1 mac rarely absent), 1–2 ‘ Ps ’, 4 ‘ Pa ’, 0–2 ‘ Pi ’, 2 ‘ Pm ’, 1 ‘ Pmp ’, 4 ‘ Pp ’, 0–1 ‘ Ppe ’ and 3 ‘ Pe ’ mac, respectively. Clypeal formula with 4 (l1–2), 12 (f, 2 unpaired), 3–5 (pf0–2) ciliate chaetae, l1–2 longer and apically acuminate, 6 f and pf2 smaller than the others, others subequal ( Fig. 62C ). Labral inner papillae with 2–3 projections, outer papillae with 2 projections (variably distant from each other) and smaller than the inner papillae ( Fig. 63A ). Prelabral chaetae smooth, pl1 bifurcated equally or subequally, pl2 unequally bifurcated ( Fig. 62C ). Labial papilla E l.p. finger-shaped and surpassing the base of a.a., e6 appendix absent ( Fig. 63B ). Maxillary palp b.c. 1.27 longer than t.a. . Basolateral and basomedian labial fields with M1–2, R, E, L1–2 ciliate, M2 and R smaller than the others, M2 present or absent. Cephalic groove with 8–11 ciliate chaetae of different sizes; postlabial formula with 4 (G1–4), 3 (X2–4), 4 (H1–4) ( Fig. 63D ).

Thorax chaetotaxy ( Fig. 64A ). Th II a, m and p series (excluding the anterior collar) with 7–9, 4–11 (2 mac or mes rarely absent) and 17–19 mac (1 mac or mes rarely absent), respectively. Th III a, m and p series with 5–7 (1 mac rarely absent), 3–5 and 8–13 (2 mac rarely present, 1 mac and 1 mac or mes rarely absent) mac, respectively. Ratio Th II: III = 1.64–1.54: 1 (n=4), holotype 1.60: 1.

Abdomen chaetotaxy ( Figs 64B–C ). Abd I a, m and p series with 1–2, 5–7 and 0–1 mac, respectively. Abd II a, m and p series with 0–2 (1 mac rarely absent and 1 mac rarely present), 5 and 2 mac, respectively. Abd III a, m and p series with 1, 3 and 2 mac, respectively, plus 1 extra mac or mes laterally. Abd IV with 13–22 inner mac of A–C series (1 mac rarely present) and 11–22 outer mac of T–Fe series (1 mac rarely present); about 10 sens (ps type I and others type II) and 24 posterior mes. Abd V a, m, pa and p series with 4–5, 3, 1 and 4–5 mac, respectively. Ratio Abd III: IV = 1: 6.32–6.84 (n=4), holotype 1: 6.54.

Legs ( Figs 65A–D ). Subcoxa I with 3 chaetae and 2 psp; subcoxa II with an anterior row of 10 chaetae and about 17 anterior chaetae; posterior row of 5 chaetae, 1 anterior chaeta and 2–3 psp; subcoxa III with one row of 11 chaetae, about 24 anterior chaetae and 2 psp ( Figs 65A–B ). Trochanteral organ with 35 spine-like chaetae, 6 anterior, 3 posterior, 21 internal, 1 apical and 4 on the distal arm ( Fig. 65C ). Tibiotarsus I–III with 7 inner finely ciliate mac; 1 outer apically acuminate mac at the base. Unguis b.t. on proximal 2/4, m.t. on distal 1/3 and smaller than b.t., a.t. minute and on distal 1/7. Unguiculus I–III lamellae (ae, ai, pe, pi) smooth and acuminate, except ai excavated on unguiculus III; ratio unguis: unguiculus = 1: 0.47. Tibiotarsus III smooth chaeta 1.38 longer than the unguiculus; tenent hair 0.87 smaller than the unguis ( Fig. 65D ).

Collophore ( Fig. 66A ). Anterior side with about 15 ciliate chaetae, 3 distal mac and about 12 chaetae of different sizes widely distributed on the corpus; posterior side with about 30–32 ciliate chaetae of different sizes widely distributed on the corpus (5 unpaired) and distally with 1 smooth chaeta; lateral flap with 12–17 chaetae, 8–10 smooth and 4–7 ciliate.

Furcula ( Figs 66B–C ). Manubrium ventrally with 2 subapical and about 24 distal ciliate chaetae of different sizes ( Fig. 66B ). Manubrial plate dorsally with 7–10 chaetae of different sizes and 3 psp ( Fig. 66C ). Dens dental lobe with 2 (bs1 and bs2) thicker ciliate chaetae, bs1 subequal to bs2. Dens tightly crenulate on its distal 1/7, distally with 2 rows (1 inner and 1 outer) of large modified chaetae, 1 inner chaeta distally larger than others. Mucro proximal tooth larger than the distal one, mucronal spine surpassing the proximal tooth apex.

Variations. The overall morphology of E. idenilzae sp. nov. is quite stable, with the exception of some details of the color pattern, however two specimens from the type locality, but not considered as type material, and some specimens from Novo Airão and Manaus municipality, have an atypical transversal dark band on Th III – Abd II ( Figs 60C–D and G–H ). Furthermore, these specimens are sometimes devoid of six dorsal mac on the trunk: m5 and m5a in Th II, a5e, p2e and p 3 in Th III, and a 2 in Abd II ( Figs 64A–B ). These specimens (except for specimens from Novo Airão municipality), still have the A3 mac on head (usually on both sides), and Th II p1i and p1ip mac ( Figs 62D , 64A ), while only one specimen from Rio Preto da Eva municipality lacks head S4 mac and has Abd IV Be 2 and Fe 1 mac on only one side of the body ( Figs 62D , 64C ). Despite these small differences, we consider these specimens represent variations of E. idenilzae sp. nov., as they coexist in the same localities of the other examined specimens .

Distribution. Known only from Amazonas state, Brazil ( Fig. 72 ).

Etymology. The name “ idenilzae ” refers to Maria Idenilza Viana Santos, grandmother of the first author of the species.

Remarks. Entomobrya idenilzae sp. nov. resembles E. pseudomaculata sp. nov. (see the remarks for E. pseudomaculata sp. nov. and Table 3).

Figures

FIGURE 60. Entomobrya idenilzae sp. nov. habitus of fixed specimens in ethanol from Rio Preto da Eva municipality, Amazonas state: (A–D, dorsal view; E–H, lateral view); A–B and E–F, common color pattern; C–D and G–H, atypical color pattern. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 61. Entomobrya idenilzae sp. nov. habitus of fixed specimens in ethanol from other municipalities of Amazonas state (A–F, dorsal view; G–L, lateral view); A–D and G–J, specimens from Manaus municipality; E and K, specimens from Manicoré municipality; F and L, specimens from Maués municipality. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 62. Entomobrya idenilzae sp. nov. antennae and dorsal head: A, apex of left Ant III (ventral view); B, chaetotaxy of left Ant II–I (dorsal view) respectively, arrows indicate elongated sens, ventral apically acuminate mac and dorsal apically footshaped mac; C, clypeal and prelabral chaetotaxy; D, head chaetotaxy (left side).

FIGURE 63. Entomobrya idenilzae sp. nov. ventral head: A, labral papillae, arrows show shape variations of the inner papillae; B, labial papillae E (left side); C, cephalic groove and anterior part of postlabial chaetotaxy.

FIGURE 64. Entomobrya idenilzae sp. nov. dorsal chaetotaxy (left side): A, Th II–III; B, Abd I–III; C, Abd IV–V.

FIGURE 65. Entomobrya idenilzae sp. nov. legs: A–B, chaetotaxy of subcoxa II–III respectively (outer side); C trochanteral organ (posterior view); D distal tibiotarsus and empodial complex III (posterior view).

FIGURE 66. Entomobrya idenilzae sp. nov. abdominal appendages:A, collophore (lateral view); B, distal manubrium (ventral view); C, manubrial plate (dorsal view), arrow shows the representation of the chaetotaxy.

FIGURE 72. Map depicting the records of the six new Entomobrya species from Brazilian Amazon, including new records of E. linda and the type locality of E. aipatse reported in the original description (Arlé, 1959); different colors of the stars represent the type localities of each species, circles represent additional localities.