Mairata butantan, Calvanese & Brescovit & Bonato, 2019

Calvanese, Victor C., Brescovit, Antonio D. & Bonato, Lucio, 2019, Revision of the Neotropical species of Aphilodontinae (Geophilomorpha, Geophilidae), with eight new species and a first phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily, Zootaxa 4698 (1), pp. 1-72 : 43-44

Mairata butantan new species

( Figs 4B , 7D , 8C , 9 B–C, 11B, D, 12A–B, E–H, 33B–E, G–L, 34, 39D, 42C, 45D, 46D)

Type specimens. Holotype: ♀, from Parque Ecológico da Mata da Câmara , São Roque, São Paulo, Brazil, 06/2014, V. Calvanese col., deposited in IBSP 3664 . Paratypes: 2♀ and 2♂, same data as holotype, deposited in IBSP 3663 .

Type locality. Brazil: São Paulo: São Roque: Parque Ecológico da Mata da Câmara : 23°31’41”S, 47°6’51”W .

Material examined. BRAZIL: São Paulo: Cotia, Caucaia do Alto, Reserva Morro Alto (23°41’11”S, 47°1’20”W), 12/06/2016, V. Calvanese col., 2♂ ( IBSP 3662 ) ; São Roque, Parque Ecológico da Mata da Câmara (23°31’41”S, 47°6’51”W), 06/2014, V. Calvanese & A. Silva col., 1♀ [holotype] ( IBSP 3664 ) , 2♀ and 2♂ [para- types] ( IBSP 3663 ) ; 12/04/2015, V. Calvanese col., 3♀ and 1♂ ( IBSP 4079 ) .

Etymology. The epithet is a noun in apposition, referring to the Butantan Institute, recognized worldwide for its promotion of biological research.

Diagnosis. A species of Mairata n. gen. with: around 57–59 leg-bearing segments; known body length in adults 18–23 mm; distal denticle of forcipular trochanteroprefemur with one apical seta ( Fig. 33H ); coxopleuron with 2–8 large coxal pores in adults, grouped near the metasternite, in both males and females ( Figs 12A, E , 33 K–L, 34E–G, 45D); females with ultimate legs not thickened when compared to penultimate legs ( Figs 33K , 34A , D–E).

Recorded specimens: 11, including 6♀ and 5♂, from two localities.

Distribution. Brazil—São Paulo: Cotia; São Roque.

Description of holotype. Female (IBSP 3664).

Entire body: length 21, maximum width 0.65. Cephalic plate: anterior and posterior margin rounded, length 0.50 and width 0.45 (length/width ratio 1.11), with little scattered SE. Antenna: length 1.13, ca. 2.2 times as long as cephalic plate; AA II–XIII length/width ratio 0.6–0.9; LAA ca. 3 times as long as AA XIII.

Clypeus: 3+3 LS, 1+1 PS, 5+5 SCS. Mandible: PL with 25 denticles. First maxillae: TFM length0.039 and width 0.03; DA with 2 apical and 2 subapical SL; MPC with 3 apical and 1 subapical SL. Second maxillae: left TSM length 0.07 (1.85 times as long as TFM) and maximum width (basal margin) 0.037; left T3 length 0.01 (cs. 0.5 times as long as T2) and width 0.01 (0.32 times as wide as T2); both TSM with 1 apical SE.

Forcipular segment: FTE length 0.18 (0.36 times as long as cephalic plate) and width 0.56; FPT length 0.04 and width 0.38; FCX length 0.45 and width 0.47 (length/width ratio 0.95); FRL length 0.41, reaching anterior margin of cephalic plate, and maximum width (middle part of TFF) 0.23; FRL with two denticles in TFF and one in TI; FD1 with 1 apical SE; FD2 with 1 apical and 1 subapical SE; FD3 with 1 apical and 2 subapical SE; TA 0.88 times as long as TFF and with small basal DTA.

Walking legs: 59 pairs; left FL length 0.52, 0.75 times as long as second leg; left leg 29 length 0.9. Tergum from the first to penultimate leg-bearing segment: TE 29 length 0.36 and width 0.66 (length/width ratio 0.54), with one anterior row of 8 SE, one posterior row of 8 SE and little SE sparse between the rows; PT 0.6 times as long as TE and with two parallel rows of 5–8 SE. Sternum from the first to penultimate leg-bearing segment: STF oval, slightly narrower in anterior part; ST 29 length 0.40 and width 0.27 (length/width ratio 1.48).

Ultimate leg-bearing segment: MTL trapezoidal, length 0.13 and maximum width 0.30 (length/width ratio 0.43); UPS exposed and not suppressed in middle part, length 0.03 and width 0.38. Ultimate legs: thin, length 1.57, 1.4 times as long as penultimate leg; each CXP with 7 or 8 COP, closely grouped together with MTL. Postpedal segments: GF with 1+1 distal SE.

Known variation. Male: 57 leg-bearing segments; each CXP with 4–6 large COP; ultimate legs with prefemur, femur and tibia wider than long and tarsal article globose, all articles quite hairy; GM biarticulated; GM1 with 5 or 6 SE in one row; GM2 with 7–9 scattered SE.

Figures

FIGURE 4. A–H, Aphilodontinae antenna. Aphilodon pereirai n. sp. (IBSP 3784): A, left antenna, ventral. Mairata butantan n. sp. (IBSP 3663): B, left antenna, ventral. Aphilodon silvestrii n. sp. (IBSP 3665): C, last antennal article of the left antenna,,ventral. Aphilodon indespectus n. sp. (IBSP 3653): D, terminal part of the left antenna, lateral; E, terminal part of the last antennal article of the left antenna, lateral; F, claviform sensilla, ventral; G, specialized setae of type “a”, ventral; H, specialized setae of type “b”, ventral. Abbreviations: CSS: claviform sensilla; SSA: specialized setae of type “a”. SSB: specialized setae of type “b”. Scale bars: 0.5 (A–B), 0.1 (C–D), 0.025 (E), 0.005 (F–H) mm.

FIGURE 7. A–D, Aphilodontinae second maxillae, ventral: A, Aphilodon micronyx Brölemann, 1902 (IBSP); B, Philacroterium maritimum (Lawrence, 1963) n. comb. (KZN); C, Aphilodon caboclos n. sp. (IBSP); D, Mairata butantan n. sp. (IBSP). Abbreviations: MP: medial part of coxosternite of second maxillae; TSM: telopodite of second maxillae. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A–D).

FIGURE 8. A–D, Aphilodontinae forcipule. Aphilodon caboclos n. sp. (IBSP 4073): A, forcipular segment, ventral; B, denticles of forcipules, ventral. Mairata butantan n. sp. (IBSP 3663): C, denticles of right forcipule, ventral. Aphilodon micronyx Brölemann, 1902 (IBSP 6176): D, right forcipule, ventral. Abbreviations: STF: sternite of first leg-bearing segment; TA: tarsungulum; TFF: trochanteroprefemur+femur; TI: tibia. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A–D).

FIGURE 9. A–C, Aphilodontinae poison gland. Aphilodon micronyx Brölemann, 1902 (IBSP): A, duct of the right poison gland in forcipule. Mairata butantan n. sp. (IBSP): B, calyx of right poison gland in the leg-bearing segment 15; C, calyx of left poison gland in the leg-bearing segment 18. Abbreviations: DG: duct of the poison gland; PG: calyx of the poison gland. Scale bars: 0.7 (A–B), 0.3 (C) mm.

FIGURE 12. A–H, Aphilodontinae sexual dimorphism. Mairata butantan n. sp. (IBSP) female: A, terminal part of the body, ventral; B, full spermathecae, ventral. Aplilodon silvestrii n. sp. (IBSP) female: C, post-pedal segments, ventral; D, gonopods, ventral. Mairata butantan n. sp. (IBSP) male: E, terminal part of the body, ventral; F, masses of spermatozoa, ventral; G, post-pedal segments, ventral; H, penis, ventral. Abbreviations: FS: full spermathecae; GF: gonopod of female; MS: masses of spermatozoa; PE: penis. Scale bars: 0.5 (A, E), 0.1 (C, G), 0.06 (D), 0.2 (B), 0.3 (F), 0.03 (H) mm.

FIGURE 33. A–L, Mairata n. gen. diagnostic characters. Mairata itatiaiensis n. sp. Male paratype (IBSP 6178): A, left antenna, ventral; F, article 3 of right telopodite of second maxillae, lateral. Mairata butantan n. sp. Male paratype (IBSP 6178): B, first and second maxillae, ventral; C, first maxillae, ventral; D, right telopodite of second maxillae, ventral; L, terminal part of body, ventral. Female paratype (IBSP 6178): E, article 3 of right telopodite of second maxillae, lateral; G, forcipular segment, ventral; H, right forcipule, ventral; I, tarsungulum and tibia of right forcipule, ventral; J, intermediate part of trunk, left side, lateral; K, terminal part of body, ventral. Abbreviations: DP: depression in pleural region; DTA: denticle of tarsugulum; TSU: tarsus; T2: article 2 of telopodite of second maxillae; T3: article 3 of telopodite of second maxillae. Scale bars: 0.5 (A, J–L), 0.1 (B, G–H), 0.05 (C–D, I), 0.01 (E–F) mm.

FIGURE 34. A–G, Mairata butantan n. sp. Female paratype (IBSP 3663): A, habitus, ventral; B, anterior part of body, dorsal; C, same, ventral; D, terminal part of body, dorsal; E, same, ventral. Male paratype (IBSP 3663): F, terminal part of body, ventral; G, coxopleura and metasternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment, ventral. Abbreviations: COP: coxal pores. Scale bars: 2 (A), 0.5 (B–F), 0.2 (G) mm.