Botanophila

Xue, Wan-Qi & Song, Wen-Hui, 2007, A review of the genus Botanophila Lioy (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) from China, with descriptions of three new species, Zootaxa 1633, pp. 1-38 : 4-5

Key to the Palaearctic species groups of Botanophila (males).

1. Cercal plate extended in distal part into a long, undivided and narrow process, often reaching or even surpassing apices of surstyli, and without any submedian or lateral processes ( Figs. 6–9 ) .............................. .......................................................................................... latifrons , varicolor , askoldica and salicis -groups ..................................................................................................................(also B. cuspidata and B. nupera )

– Cercal plate not as above, distal margin either narrowly split (partite), or divided into two diverging processes, or with two or three short processes, or short and cordiform ..........................................................2

2. Cercal plate long and narrowly separated in distal part, forming two closely approximated halves of a more or less pointed cercal plate; no subcercal structure present ( Fig. 10 ) .................... brunneilinea -group

– Cercal plate not split in distal part into two closely approximated halves, or if so then a subcercal structure present, either hidden behind cercal plate or distinctly visible and bearing a median rod-like process...... 3

3. Cercal plate with a subcercal structure bearing a short or long rod-like median process ( Figs. 11–14 ) ....... .................................................................................... gnava , cordifrons , bompadrei and maculipes -groups

– Cercal plate without subcercal structure...................................................................................................... 4

4. Cercal plate with 2 long submedian distal processes which reach almost to level of apices of surstyli, and are generally diverging; sternite 5 with separated tufts of setae ( Fig. 15 ) ........................... seneciella -group

– Cercal plate without two long diverging processes on distal margin .......................................................... 5

5. Pregonite with two expanded (foliate) setae; cercal plate large in relation to surstyli, which have truncate distal margins in lateral view ( Figs. 16, 16 a)........................................................................ helviana -group

– Pregonite with normal slender setae, or at most with slightly wide setae, cercal plate otherwise .............. 6

6. Cercal plate longer than width, with a bifurcate distal margin produced into two short blunt processes (further lateral marginal processes may be present) ( Fig. 17 ) .................................................... depressa -group

– Cercal plate either simple (cordifrom) or not longer than width, or with three processes on distal margin 7

7. Cercal plate with three processes on distal margin ( Fig. 18 ) ..................................................... fugax -group

– Cercal plate with two processes on distal margin, or none.......................................................................... 8

8. Cercal plate with two processes on distal margin (lateral or submedian) ( Fig. 22 ) ............... dissecta -group

– Cercal plate without processes on distal margin.......................................................................................... 9

9. Surstyli slightly or strongly concave on posterior margin in lateral view, and with a small subapical tooth on inner margin ( Fig. 20 ) (except B. kenji ) .......................................................................... biciliaris -group

– Surstyli in lateral view not concave on posterior margin .......................................................................... 10

10. Surstyli bifurcate apically ( Fig. 21 ) .............................................................................................. okai -group

– Surstyli simple (except B. cylindrica which has a median tooth on inner margin) ( Fig. 19 ) striolata -group

Figures

FIGURES 6 – 7. 6. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of latifrons - group: B. latifrons (Zetterstedt). After Michael Ackland. 7. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of varicolor - group: B. varicolor (Meigen). After Michael Ackland.

FIGURES 8 – 9. 8. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of askoldica - group: B. askoldica (Schnabl). After Michael Ackland. 9. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of salicis - group: B. salicis (Ringdahl). After Michael Ackland.

FIGURES 10 – 11. 10. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of brunneilinea - group: B. brunneilinea (Zetterstedt). After Michael Ackland. 11. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of gnava - group: B. gnava (Meigen). After Michael Ackland.

FIGURES 14 – 15. 14. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of maculipes - group: B. maculipes (Zetterstedt). After Michael Ackland. 15. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of seneciella - group: B. seneciella (Meade). After Michael Ackland.

FIGURES 16, 16 a. 16. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of helviana - group: B. helviana Michelsen. After Michael Ackland. 16 a. Larteral view of pregonite, postgonite and phallus of helviana - group: B. helviana Michelsen. After Michael Ackland.

FIGURES 17 – 18. 17. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of depressa - group: B. depressa (Stein). After Michael Ackland. 18. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of fugax - group: B. fugax (Meigen). After Michael Ackland.

FIGURES 21 – 22. 21. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of okai - group: B. okai (Suwa). After Michael Ackland. 22. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of dissecta - group: B. dissecta (Meigen). After Michael Ackland.

FIGURES 19 – 20. 19. Posterior view of cerci and surstyli of striolata - group: B. striolata (Fallén). After Michael Ackland. 20. Lateral view of cerci and surstyli of biciliaris - group: B. biciliaris (Pandellé). After Michael Ackland.