Leitoscoloplos bifurcatus ( Hartman, 1957 )

Zhadan, Anna, Stupnikova, Alexandra & Neretina, Tatiana, 2015, Orbiniidae (Annelida: Errantia) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia with notes on orbiniid phylogeny, Zootaxa 4019 (1), pp. 773-801 : 786

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.27

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B04907B4-5CA7-48E4-A82B-8C26C4F002E6

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5612572

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/057687D3-FFF0-FFD5-FF3C-FF59FAE3A793

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Leitoscoloplos bifurcatus ( Hartman, 1957 )
status

 

Leitoscoloplos bifurcatus ( Hartman, 1957) View in CoL

( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 , 6 View FIGURE 6 )

Haploscoloplos bifurcatus Hartman, 1957: 277 View in CoL –279

Leitoscoloplos bifurcatus View in CoL .— Day 1977: 223 –224; Hutchings & Rainer 1979: 760 –761; Mackie 1987: 13 –14, fig. 14a–f.

Material examined. AM W.46089, MI QLD 2376 (photographed); AM W.44761, MI QLD 2429 (4, 1 photographed on SEM); AM W.44299, MI QLD 2378 (2); AM W.44938, MI QLD 2439 (photographed); AM W.44938.001, tissue for molecular studies.

Description. Body cylindrical, thorax slightly wider than abdomen ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 A). Thoracic width up to 2.5 mm. Prostomium sharply conical. Peristomium bearing pair of dorso-lateral nuchal organs ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 A). 19–21 thoracic chaetigers ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 A). Branchiae starting from chaetiger 8 as minute papillae, well developed from chaetiger 15–16; in abdomen triangular, narrow lanceolate in posterior part of abdomen; slightly shorter or equal to notopodial lobes ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 A, D, G, H, 6F). Thoracic post-chaetal lobes developed from chaetiger 1, gradually increase in size, narrow triangular in shape; in anterior thorax equal size or neuropodia lobes longer, in posterior thorax notopodial lobes longer ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 C–F, 6A, D, E). Lateral organs developed at base of notopodia ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 A, E, F). Neuropodial lobes becoming bilobed from chaetiger 10–12 ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 A). No subpodal or stomach papillae. Abdominal notopodial lobes narrow lanceolate; neuropodial lobes bilobed with inner lobe longer than outer, with two or three aciculae; in anterior abdomen lobes short, subequal, in posterior abdomen inner lobe very long, 2–3 times longer than outer ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 G, H, 6E, F, G). Subpodal notch and flange present, in first abdominal chaetiger subpodal flange can form papilla (ventral cirrus) in some specimens, but in other segments its upper margin rounded; all other abdominal neuropodia without flange papillae ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 B, D, G, H, 6E, F, G). Elongate ciliated dorsal organs present middorsally as two lateral curved ciliated strips ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 H) in all segments from posterior thorax. Chaetae crenulated capillaries in all parapodia ( Figs 5 View FIGURE 5 C, E, F, 6B, C), forked chaetae in abdominal notopodia not found. Pygidium with two anal cirri ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 I).

Remarks. Leitoscoloplos bifurcatus has been described from South Australia and later reported also from Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland and Northern Territory ( Hutchings & Rainer 1979). Specimens described in present study agree well with previous descriptions. Leitoscoloplos bifurcatus is very similar to S. dayi in general appearance, shape of thoracic neuropodia, and the first segment with branchiae. Differences between these two species are listed above.

Molecular analyses. The 18S and 16S sequence analyses ( Figs 13 View FIGURE 13 , 14 View FIGURE 14 ) support the inclusion of Leitoscoloplos bifurcatus in the clade that contains representatives of the genus Leodamas : L. dubia , L. rubra and L. johnstonei . This result strongly incongruent with the morphology indicate possible paraphyly of Leitoscoloplos . The analysis of CO1 sequences ( Fig. 15 View FIGURE 15 ) showed that Leitoscoloplos bifurcatus does not form a clade with Leodamas or with other Leitoscoloplos species. It is interesting that three clades including species assigned to Leitoscoloplos appeared to show agreement with three of the five morphological subgroups recognised by Mackie (1987). Leitoscoloplos pugettensis belongs to group 3 (species with more than 10 thoracic chaetigers, mammiform or mammiform/triangular thoracic neuropodial lobes, and strap-like branchiae; no interramal cirri or subpodal papillae); L. bifurcatus belongs to group 4 (species with more than 10 thoracic chaetigers, single triangular or triangular/bifurcate thoracic neuropodial lobes, and triangular branchiae; no interramal cirri or subpodal papillae), and L. robustus and L.fragilis to group 5 (species with more than 10 thoracic chaetigers, single triangular, triangular/bifurcate or mammiform/bifurcate thoracic neuropodial lobes, and triangular branchiae; interramal cirri and subpodal papillae present). Whether this would hold up with the inclusion of additional taxa is unknown.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Annelida

Class

Polychaeta

Family

Orbiniidae

Genus

Leitoscoloplos

Loc

Leitoscoloplos bifurcatus ( Hartman, 1957 )

Zhadan, Anna, Stupnikova, Alexandra & Neretina, Tatiana 2015
2015
Loc

Leitoscoloplos bifurcatus

Mackie 1987: 13
Hutchings 1979: 760
Day 1977: 223
1977
Loc

Haploscoloplos bifurcatus

Hartman 1957: 277
1957
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