Hyattella gukheulensis, Kim & Lee, 2024

Kim, Young A & Lee, Kyung Jin, 2024, Five new species of genus Hyattella (Dictyoceratida: Spongiidae) from Korea, Journal of Species Research 13 (1), pp. 32-40 : 32-39

1. Hyattella gukheulensis n. sp. ( Fig. 1 )

qāḍďẖųệợ

Type specimen. Holotype (NIBRIV0000895360), Korea: Gukheuldo, Gageodo Island, Heuksan-myeon , Shinan-gun , Jeollanam-do, 21 September 2008, collected by H. S. Kim, SCUBA diving, depth 20 m, deposited in NIBR.

LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:85EBE34D-6A16-42B3-A207-D1AD566763EB

Description. Thickly encrusting sponge. Size up to 13 × 9 × 3.5 cm. Surface smooth with shallow cavities covered with thick membrane. Oscules with large opening, 0.5-1 cm in diameter at sponge surface. Color in life, purple at surface and yellowish beige inside. Texture very firm and compressible.

Skeleton: Primary fibres, 30-50 μm in diameter, usually rare at surface and choanosome. Secondary fibres, 20-35- 40 μm in diameter, arranged irregularly. Thin secondary fibres, 10 μm in diameter on surface membrane.

Etymology. The species name, gukheulensis , is named after type locality Gukheuldo, Gageodo, Jeollanam-do.

Remarks. This new species is similar to Hyattella munseomensis Sim et al., 2015 in shape, but differs in skeletal structure. Primary fibres are very rare throughout the sponge body and surface membrane has thin secondary fibres.

2. Hyattella regularis n. sp. ( Fig. 2 ) Ğ형ḍďẖųệợ

Type specimen. Holotype (NIBRIV0000895361), Korea: Gukheuldo, Gageodo Island, Heuksan-myeon , Shinan-gun , Jeollanam-do, 21 September 2008, collected by H. S. Kim, SCUBA diving, depth 20 m, deposited in NIBR.

LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:94DEE649-E4AB-4FFD-A8A2-0F9699D18EB7

Description. Thickly encrusting sponge. Size up to 13 × 11 × 5.5 cm. Surface rough with small round swelling covered with thick membrane. Oscules rare, 1 cm in diameter, open at tip of protruding structure. Color in life, yellowish purple. Texture firm and compressible.

Skeleton: Primary fibres, connected with long conules at surface, 40-70 μm in diameter, abundant throughout sponge body. Secondary fibres, regular mesh, 40-50 μm in diameter. Thin and thick regular polygonal network at surface membrane, 5-10 μm in diameter ( Fig. 2H ).

Etymology. The species name, regularis , is named after the regular shape of secondary fibres at the sponge surface membrane.

Remarks. This new species is similar to Hy. bakusi Sim et al., 2015 in shape, but differs in regular secondary fibres mesh at the surface.

3. Hyattella lenis n. sp. ( Fig. 3 ) DZōḑḍďẖųệợ

Type specimen. Holotype (NIBRIV0000895362), Korea: Geomeunyeo, Gageodo Island, Heuksan-myeon , Shinan-gun , Jeollanam-do, 21 September 2008, collected by H. S. Kim, SCUBA diving, depth 20 m, deposited in NIBR.

LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C40CCAD5-45F9-4A75-B471-38B1922F93B9

Description. Thickly encrusting sponge. Size up to 11 × 10 × 5.5 cm. Surface smooth with numerous deep furrows and short conules, covered with thick collagenous membrane. Oscules, 0.3-1 cm in diameter, open at sponge surface. Color in life, purplish ivory. Texture firm and compressible and lacunose.

Skeleton: Primary fibres rarely cored with detritus, 40-50 μm in diameter spread throughout the sponge body ( Fig. 3E, G ). Thick and thin secondary fibres, 15-30 μm in diameter arranged irregularly with large mesh at surface. Thick secondary fibres, 45-50 μm in diameter at choanosome.

Etymology. The species name, lenis , is named after the shape of the smooth surface.

Remarks. The shape of the surface in this new species is very unique with numerous deep furrows at the smooth surface. Primary fibres which are rarely cored with sands are abundant throughout the sponge body.

4. Hyattella membrana n. sp. ( Fig. 4 ) ḡḍďẖųệợ

Type specimen. Holotype (NIBRIV0000895368), Korea: Chujado, Chuja-myeon, Jeju-si , Jeju-do, 27 August 2002, collected by H. S. Kim, SCUBA diving, depth 13 m, deposited in NIBR.

LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7BB77BA2-53A6-42E0-8983-EF1108CF1C41

Description. Thickly encrusting sponge. Size up to 14× 9.5 × 2.3 cm. Surface smooth with shallow elevated tubes, covered with thick collagenous membrane and numerous sharp conules. Large and small oscules, 2-4 mm in diameter, open at tip of sallow tubes. Color in life, purple and ivory. Texture firm and compressible.

Skeleton: Primary fibres cored with sands, 50-75 μm in diameter at surface conules distributed throughout sponge body. Secondary fibres loose, thick and thin, 20-40 μm in diameter with no regular mesh.

Etymology. The species name, membrana , is named after a surface with heavy collagenous membrane.

Remarks. This new species is similar to Hyattella bakusi Sim et al., 2015 in shape, but differs by having a heavy collagenous membrane at the surface ( Fig. 4C ).

5. Hyattella asper n. sp. ( Figs. 5 , 6 ) Hṻḍďẖųệợ

Type specimen. Holotype (NIBRIV0000895369), Korea: Dueokyeo, Gageodo Island, Heuksan-myeon , Shinan-gun , Jeollanam-do, 11 Jun 1999, collected by SCUBA diving, depth 27 m, deposited in NIBR.

LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:75D69D2D-168F-4965-BBF0-D50BB883E0B8

Description. Thickly encrusting, looks like bryozoan animal. Size up to 22 × 4 × 8 cm. Surface rough with sharp long conules. Color in life, ivory. Texture soft and compressible.

Skeleton: Numerous dense primary fibres, straight long lines cored with sands, 60-75 μm in diameter, occur throughout sponge body. Secondary fibres, 30-50 μm in diameter, arranged irregularly with loose mesh. Some part of surface has hair-like thin secondary fibres, 5-10 μm in diameter. These hair-like fibres which separated from primary fibres, are not easy to locate ( Fig. 5E, F, H ).

Etymology. The species name, asper , is named after the shape of rough surface of sponge.

Remarks. This new species is similar to Hyattella lendenfeldi Sim and Lee, 2014 in skeletal fibres, but differs in thin secondary fibres. Thin secondary fibres are not easy to locate, because they separated from skeletal fibres ( Fig. 5E ). Secondary fibres are loosely arranged.

Figures

Fig. 1. Hyattella gukheulensis n. sp. A, external morphology; B, surface under the dissecting microscope; C, cored primary fibres near sur- face; D, thin secondary fibres with surface membrane; E, F, regular meshes of secondary fibres in choanosome; G, H, skeletal structure near surface. Scale bars: A=1 cm, B=1 mm, C-H =100 μm.

Fig. 2. Hyattella regularis n. sp. A, external morphology; B, surface close up; C, skeletal structure; D, E, primary fibres near conules; F, regular secondary fibres; G, primary fibres at choanosome; H, thin secondary fibres with surface membrane. Scale bars: A=1 cm, B=5 mm, C-G=100 μm, H=50μm.

Fig. 3. Hyattella lenis n. sp. A, external morphology; B, surface under the dissecting microscope; C, thin secondary fibres with membrane; D, primary fibres near conules; E, primary fibres; F, thin secondary fibres; G, primary fibres close up; H, primary fibres at choanosome. Scale bars:A=1 cm, B=1 mm, C-F, H=100 μm, G=50 μm.

Fig. 4. Hyattella membrana n. sp. A, external morphology; B, surface close up; C, D, primary fibres near conules; E, F, primary fibres at choanosome; G, thin and thick secondary fibres at the surface; H, regular mesh secondary fibres. Scale bars: A =1 cm, B =1 mm, C-H =100 μm.

Fig. 5. Hyattella asper n. sp. A, external morphology; B, surface under the dissecting microscope; C, D, skeletal structure; E, F, separated thin secondary fibres; G, numerous primary fibres; H, skeletal structure. Scale bars:A =1 cm, B=1 mm, C-G=100 μm, H =50 μm.

Fig. 6. Hyattella asper n. sp.A, sand cored primary fibres; B, thin secondary fibres from primary fibres. Scale bars:A, B=50 μm.