Holopothrips claritibialis, Cavalleri, Adriano & Kaminski, Lucas A., 2007

Cavalleri, Adriano & Kaminski, Lucas A., 2007, A new Holopothrips species (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) damaging Mollinedia (Monimiaceae) leaves in Southern Brazil, Zootaxa 1625, pp. 61-68 : 62-64

Holopothrips claritibialis sp. nov.

Macropterous female ( Figs. 1–6 , 12 ). Body uniformly dark brown with no internal pigmentation; fore tibiae and tarsi yellow, middle and hind tibiae largely yellow except brown in basal 1/5 and 1/4 respectively; antennal segment I concolorous with head, II brownish in basal 2/3 and yellowish at tip, III–VIII yellow, VII and VIII very lightly shaded with brown; forewings pale, with a very small brown area near base, wings without median dark line; major setae light brown; tergite X brown in basal 2/3 and yellow at apex.

Head about 1.3 times as long as greatest width, cheeks straight and parallel; eyes enlarged and weakly surrounding the ocelli, longer dorsally than ventrally; PO expanded at tip and well developed (longer than twice the diameter of posterior ocellus); maxillary stylets retracted close to PO and about 1/4 of head width apart ( Fig. 1 ); antennae slender and 8-segmented, III and IV with three simple sense cones each; dorsal surface with weak transverse reticulation. Mouth-cone short (not reaching probasisternum) and rounded at tip, extending about 0.185 mm beyond posterior dorsal margin of head.

Pronotum transverse and weakly reticulated; four pairs of long and capitate setae, only one pair of elongate setae on epimera, AM pointed and short, usually not longer than discal setae; epimeral sutures incomplete ( Fig. 2 ); prosternum with a pair of small chitinous islets next to the well developed probasisternum, basantra absent ( Fig. 3 ); mesonotum with reticles elongated horizontally at anterior and posterior region ( Fig. 5 ); metanotum with reticulation, elongated on anterior half and equiangular on posterior half(sometimes with internal markings), reticles slightly elongate on anterior half ( Fig. 4 ); duplicated cilia on forewings present but variable in number. Pelta triangular with paired campaniform sensilla, equiangular reticulation well defined medially but very weak or absent laterally and posteriorly ( Fig. 6 ); tergites II–VII each with three pairs of wing-retaining setae; tergite IX setae B1 weakly expanded, B2 and B3 acute; tergite X about 0.6 of head length and about 1.9 times as long as greatest width near base, apical width about 0.6 of basal width.

Measurements of female (holotype), in microns (mµ): Length about 3200; head length 360, greatest width across cheeks 245, PO length 75, eye dorsal length 145; median length of pronotum 160, width 360, AM length 15, AA length 60, ML length 90, EP length 125, PA length 87; width of mesonotum 290; forewing length 1300; tergite IX setae B1 225, B2 305, B3 183; tergite X length 250, basal width 95, apical width 50; length of antennal segments III–VIII 115, 90, 100, 82, 52, 45, respectively.

Macropterous male ( Fig. 7 ). Similar to female in coloration and structure, though smaller; duplicated cilia on forewings present; three glandular areas on sternites VII and VIII, one extending across the posterior region (sometimes interrupted on VII and rarely on VIII) and two oval areas placed anterolaterally ( Fig. 7 ); B2 setae on abdominal tergite IX not shortened.

Measurements of male (paratype): Length about 2700; head length 335, greatest width across cheeks 220, PO length 67, eye dorsal length 137; median length of pronotum 142, width 320, AM length 12, AA length 50, ML length 77, EP length 127, PA length 75; forewing length 1080; tergite IX setae B1 200, B2 250, B3 227; tergite X length 220, basal width 90, apical width 50; length of antennal segments III–VIII 102, 82, 92, 75, 65, 37, respectively.

Egg ( Fig. 8 ). Very small (425 mµ long and about 200 mµ wide) and uniformly whitish in color, sub-reniform shape and exochorion weakly reticulate.

Larva I ( Fig. 9 ). Body color white and approximately 1300 mµ long (distended). All dorsal setae with capitate apices and ventral setae acute; three dorsal pairs of setae on head, median two pairs long and capitate and lateral pair short and pointed, antennae 7-segmented, I–VI white and VII brown colored; red pigment present only in eyes; abdominal segments IX–XI light brown.

Larva II ( Fig. 10 ). About 1800 mµ long (distended) and similar to larva I in coloration but with legs and antennal segments I–VI slightly shaded, VII brown. Chaetotaxy also similar to larva I, except for the three pairs of setae on the head, which are all well developed and capitate; internal pigmentation present in eyes; abdominal segments IX–XI uniformly brown.

Pupa ( Fig. 11 ). Length about 1900 mµ. White color with extensive orange internal content and red pigment in eyes. Wing buds clearly visible and reaching abdominal segment V.

Type material. Holotype female, Brazil, Maquiné county, from Mollinedia schottiana leaves, 03.xi.2006 (Cavalleri, A.), in the zoological collection of Laboratório de Ecologia de Insetos (LEI), Departamento de Zoologia, UFRGS ( Brazil). Paratypes: 7 females and 7 males collected with holotype, in the collection cited above; Maquiné county, from M. schottiana leaves, 12.ii.2007 (Cavalleri, A.), 4 females and 4 males, in CAS Entomology collection, California, USA, and 3 females and 3 males in ESALQ / USP collection, Piracicaba, Brazil.

Etymology: The specific name is derived from Latin and refers to the yellow color of all tibiae.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 7. Holopothrips claritibialis sp. nov., 1 – 6 Female. 7 Male. 1, Head; 2, Pronotum; 3, Prosternum, note the chitinous islets (arrow); 4 Metanotum; 5, Mesonotum; 6, Pelta; 7, Glandular areas (arrows) on sternites VII and VIII. [AA, pronotal anteroangular seta; EP, pronotal epimeral seta; ML, pronotal midlateral seta; Ms, Mesonotum; Mt, Metanotum; Mx, maxillary stylets; PA, pronotal posteroangular seta; Pb, probasisternum; PO, postocular seta; Pr, Pronotum.] Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 8 – 13. Life stages of Holopothrips claritibialis sp. nov. 8, Egg; 9, Larva I; 10, Larva II; 11, Pupa; 12, Adult female, note the extensive yellow color of all tibiae; 13, Damaged leaves of Mollinedia schottiana induced by H. claritibialis. Scale bars = 0.2, 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, 0.4 mm and 2.5 cm, respectively.