Panscopus (Nocheles) abruptus ( Casey, 1895 )

Spanton, Timothy G. & Anderson, Robert S., 2016, A Taxonomic Revision of Weevils of the Genus Panscopus Schönherr (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae: Tropiphorini), The Coleopterists Bulletin (mo 15) 70, pp. 1-86 : 62-63

Panscopus (Nocheles) abruptus ( Casey, 1895)

( Figs. 25 , 51 , 73 , 76 , Map 26 )

Nomidus abruptus Casey 1895: 819 . Pierce 1913: 395.

Panscopus (Nomidus) abruptus ; Buchanan 1927: 29. Schenkling and Marshall 1931: 41; Buchanan 1936: 15; Blackwelder 1939: 66; Bousquet et al. 2013: 345.

Panscopus abruptus ; Hatch 1971: 290; O’ Brien and Wibmer 1982: 63; Bright and Bouchard 2008: 253.

Type Material. Holotype of Nomidus abruptus Casey 1895 ( USNM No. 34946): “Cal., Casey bequest 1925”. Casey (1895) described this species as the type of the monobasic genus Nomidus .

Specific Epithet. The Latin adjective “ abruptus ” means broken off, precipitous, steep. This word probably refers to the cliff-like, undercut shape of the elytral declivity in lateral view.

Diagnosis. A median longitudinal carina in the apical half of the prementum distinguishes this species and P. rugicollis from all other species of Panscopus . The non-setose even elytral intervals distinguish P. abruptus from P. rugicollis .

Redescription. Females: Length 7.4–9.7 mm (n = 10); width across elytra 2.9–3.6 mm (n = 10). Males: Length 6.9–8.4 mm (n = 1 0); width across elytra 2.5–2.9 mm (n = 10). Color: Very dark brown or nearly black to the unaided eye; patches of lighter colored scales and setae posterolaterally on pronotum, elytral humeri, and supraorbitally on head; pale scales on ventrites, coxae, and dorsal and ventral margins of femora and tibiae. Head: Broad, transverse impression at base of frons slight; rostrum and frons apparently continuous in lateral view; rostrum without carinae visible through vestiture; nasal plate indistinct, some scales inserted in area of plate; nasal carina broadly U-shaped in most specimens, vestiture of frons and rostrum of dense, overlapping, striate scales, and scattered, decumbent, broad, flattened setae. Antennae: Scape short, extending to only anterior margin of eye, with integument concealed by vestiture over most of length; antennomeres 2–8 each with long, dark, apically directed primary setae and short, fine, lighter colored, appressed secondary setae, integument clearly visible through vestiture. Mouthparts: Prementum with median longitudinal carina in apical half. Pronotum: Broadly rounded laterally, approximately 15% wider than long in females; proportionately narrower, only 7% wider than long, in males; dorsal surface coarsely rugose; median longitudinal sulcus complete, or shallow and indistinct posteriorly in some specimens, deeper and more obvious in anterior half. Elytra: Broadly curved laterally, combined width approximately 70% of length and 45% wider than pronotum; proportionately narrower in males, approximately 65% of length and 37% wider than pronotum; in lateral view, apex of elytron straight, reflexed ventrally; alternate intervals slightly elevated, with double or partly triple row of decumbent, short, blunt setae; even intervals flat, without setae; serial punctures each with broad, round scale, larger than surrounding scales; elsewhere with vestiture of dense, overlapping, striate scales. Legs: Tibiae 1, 2, and 3 with a few stout, dark brown spines on ventral margin in distal half; tibia 3 curved, corbellar area closed, indistinctly. Abdomen: Ventrite 1 convex at middle in females, concave at middle in males. Genitalia: Females ( Figs. 25 , 51 ): Sternum VIII with apical expansion approximately 1/3 length; coxites narrowed angularly toward apex in dorsal view, rounded apically in lateral view; stylus with 2 or 3 primary setae apically; vagina with pair of curved sclerites crescent-shaped. Males ( Figs. 73 , 76 ): Aedeagus slightly decurved, angular at apex with median apical acuity in posterodorsal view; manubrium of tegmen and median struts of aedeagus each slightly longer than median lobe; internal sac membranous, horseshoe-shaped sclerite elongate; small v-shaped sclerite internal to horseshoe-shaped sclerite in dorsal view.

Life History. Most of the 380 specimens examined were collected in June and July. A smaller number of specimens were collected in May, three in each of February and August, two in each of April and November, and one in September.

Plant Associations. Records of associated plant taxa are as follows: eight specimens from Vaccinium sp. , two from Abies sp. , one from Abies concolor Lindl. , one from Pinus sp. , and one from P. jeffreyi .

Geographical Distribution. This species lives in southern British Columbia , the Cascade Mountains region of Washington and Oregon , and in California as far south as the southern end of the Sierra Nevada ( Map 26 ) . It also occurs in Idaho . Altitudinal records range from 610 to 2,740 m. The lowest records are from the northern part of the range in southern British Columbia and the highest figures are from the southern part of the range of the species, where altitudinal records vary from 1,710 to 2,740 m in the Sierra Nevada .

Chorological Affinities. The ranges of this species and P. rugicollis overlap extensively.

Material Examined. In addition to the type material listed above, approximately 380 specimens were examined. CANADA: British Columbia: Copper Mountain., 4.VII.1929, G. Stace-Smith (1, CNCI); Manning Provincial Park, East Gate ,

610 m, 2.VI-4.VII.1984, D. Miller, Pan trap (1, CNCI); Merritt, Midday Valley, 3.VI.1924, H.L. Cutler (1, CASC); Merritt, Midday Valley, 15.VI.1924, K.F. Auden, (2, SMDV). USA: California: Amador Co., Kirkwood Lake, 17.VII.1946, A.T. McClay (1, UCDC); Pioneer, 45 km N.E., 2260 m, 18.VII.1966, L. & C.W. O’ Brien (24, CWOB; 2, CMNC); Pioneer, 45 km. N.E., 2260 m, 8.VII.1966, L. & C.W. O’ Brien, at night (22, CWOB; 1, KSUC; 1, FMNH). El Dorado Co., Desol. Valley, P.A. Midd. Velma Lake, 2410 m, 15.VIII.1969, A. Smetana (1, CNCI); Echo Lake, 22.VII.1941, A.T. McClay (3, UCDC); Fallen Leaf Lake, 22-30, J. F. Brimley (3, CNCI); Fallen Leaf Lake, 16, 2& 22 VI.1930, A.T. McClay (4, CASC), A.T. McClay (2, CNCI; 2, OSAC; 2, UAIC; 10, UCDC); Fallen Leaf Lake,. VI.1930, O. H. Schwab collection (1, UCDC); Fallen Leaf Lake 1920 m, VI.1930, A.T. McClay (2, UAIC; 8, UCDC); Fallen Leaf Lake 1920 m, 21.VI.1930, J.F. Brimley collection (2, CNCI); Falling Leaf Camp, El Dorado National Forest, 1920 m, 21.VII.1966, Pinus , daytime (1, CWOB); Huntington Lake, 23-25. VII.1940, A.T. McClay (16, UCDC); Ice House road, 5.II.1980, R.B. Kimsey & R.O. Schuster (1, UCDC); Ice House Road, 19.3 km N, 31.V.1975, R.W. Brooks (1, UCDC); Meyers, 31.VIII.1916, F.B. Herbert, Pinus jeffreyana (1, USNM); Riverton, 5.II.1980, R.B. Kimsey & R.O. Schuster (2, UCDC); Strawberry Valley, 13.VIII.1912, Van Dyke collection (1, CASC). Lassen Co., Echo Lake 2260 m, 5.VI.1926, F.H. Wymore (2, CASC); Facht, 24.VI.1922, J.O. Martin (1, CASC); Mt. Lassen National. Park, 15.VII.1945, A.T. McClay (1, UCDC). Mariposa Co., Mariposa Grove, 6.VI.1942, Abies concolor (1, CWOB); Yosemite Valley, 8.VII.1921, Van Dyke (10, CASC). Nevada Co., Cisco, 13.VI.1939, M.A. Cazier & G.E. Bohart (25, AMNH); Hobart Mills, 23.VI.1962, R.L. Westcott (3, LACM); Sagehen Creek 1920 m, 5.VII.1982, P. Timber, pitfall trap (1, UCDC); Placer, Van Dyke collection (1, CASC). Placer Co., Lake Tahoe, 28.VI.1931, B.E. White (5, CASC); Lake Tahoe, 17.VI.1940, M.A. Cazier, T. Aitken (4, CASC); Truckee, 30.V.1936, A.T. McClay (2, UCDC). Plumas Co., Chester, 4, 13 & 17.VI.1960, D.J. & J.N. Knull (9, OSUC); Chester, 9.7 km N.W., 12.VI.1965, T.L. Erwin (1, USNM); Graeagle, 17.VI.1949, E.I. Schlinger (1, UCDC); Meadow Valley, 7.VI.1924, Van Dyke (4, CASC); Meadow Valley 1220–1520 m, 5-13.VI.1924, Van Dyke (76, CASC). Plumas Co., 27.VII.1963, T.L. Erwin, on ground (1, CWOB). Sierra Co., Sierraville, 4.8 km S., 18.VI.1966, C.W. O’ Brien (2, CWOB); Sierraville, 3 mi. S., 18.VI.1966 (1, BMNH); Yuba Pass, 2.VI.1945, A.T. McClay (1, UCDC); Sierra City, 16.VI.1940, M.A. Cazier, T. Aitken (6, AMNH); Webber Lake, 17.VI.1940, M.A. Cazier (1, AMNH). Tahoe Co., Angora L., 22. VI.1915, R. Hopping collection (1, CASC). Tehama Co., Lassen National Forest, Mineral, 11.VII.1991, 1950m, E. Fuller (1, CMNC). Trinity Co., Nash Mine, 1520 m, 14.VI.1913, Van Dyke collection (1, CASC). Tulare Co., Alta Meadow, Sequoia National Park, 2740 m, 19.VII.1907, J.C. Bradley (21, CUIC); Sequoia National Park, 5000–7000 ft., 14.VI.1929, A.T. McClay (1, UCDC); Sequoia National Park, Alta Meadow 2740 m, 19.VII.1907, J.C. Bradley (1, CUIC); Sequoia National Park, Wolverton 2130– 2740 m, 24.VI.1929, Van Dyke collection (4, CASC). Tuolumne Co., Strawberry, 11 mi N., 24.VI.1951, C.A. Downing (3, UCDC); 8 mi N.E. Twain Hart, 15-26.VI. 1986, F.I.T., T.G. Spanton & B.V. Brown (3, CNCI). Idaho: Adams Co., Cuprum, 3.VII.1968, B.F. & J.L. Carr (1, CNCI). Shoshone Co., Mullan, 4.8 km. E., 8.VI.1963, D.R. Smith (2, OSAC); Wallace, 17.VI.1917, O. Huelleman (1, OSAC). Valley Co., Cascade, 23.VI.1938, M.C. Lane (1, OSAC). Oregon: Benton Co., Corvallis, OSU Hart. Farm, 15.V.1976, R. Rosenstiel (1, CWOB); Mary’ s Peak, G.F. Moznette (1, OSAC). Clackamas Co., Government Camp, 1.6 km S., 25-29.VII.1966, W. Gagne, Vaccinium , at night (1, CWOB). Grant Co., Dixie Creek Forest Camp, 11.VII.1953, Roth & Beer (1, OSAC); Magone Lake Campground, Malheur National Forest, 6.VI.1988, E. Fuller (1, CNCI). Hood River Co., Mt. Hood, Cloud Cap Road, 19.VII.1936, W.W. Baker (1, OSAC); Mt. Hood, Cloud Cap Road, 8.VII.1936, Crumb (1, OSAC); Mt. Hood, Homestead Inn, 7.VII.1927, Van Dyke (2, CASC); Parkdale, “ 6.5.1972 ”, R.G. Rosenstiel (2, AMNH; 1, OSAC). Jackson Co., Carberry Creek, 8.VII.1962, J.D. Vertrees (1, AMNH); North Fork Campground 58 km E. Medford, hwy 140, 30.VI.1986, T.G. Spanton (7, CMNC); Union Creek, 5.VII.1941, A.T. McClay (8, UCDC). Klamath Co., Crater Lake, 6& 19. VII.1938, A.T. McClay (5, UCDC); Crater Lake National Park Headquarters, 20.VII.1958, D. H. Huntsinger, #238 (1, CWOB); Upper Klamath Lake, Geary Canal, 25.V.1958, J. Schuh (1, AMNH); Lake Co.: Warner Mountains, 20.VI.1922, Van Dyke (1, CASC). Linn Co., Monument Peak L. O. 1430 m, 20. VII.1981, R.L. Westcott, Vaccinium (3, ODAC; 4, CMNC); Santiam Pass hwy 20, 21.VII.1969, K. Goeden (1, ODAC). Marion Co., Stayton, 11.2 km E., 28.IX.1941, J.C. Chamberlain, Alnus & Acer litter (1, OSAC). Wallowa Co., Wallowa Lake, 15.VI.1938, Van Dyke (1, CASC); Wallowa Lake, 22.VI.1941, Fender (1, OSAC). Wasco Co., Bear Springs, 12.VI.1941, K.M. & I.M. Fender (1, OSAC); Bear Springs, Wapinitie Cutoff, 30.VI.1941, K. & P. Fender (1, OSAC); Wheeler Co., Pisgah Spring, Ochoco National Forest, 18.VII.1971, R. L. Westcott, Abies (2, CWOB; 1, ODAC). Washington: Grays Harbor Co., Pacific Beach, 14.V.1933, J. Wilcox (1, OSAC). King Co., Bellevue, 14.VIII.1936, O.H. Lavers (1, OSAC). Kittitas Co., Easton, Koebele collection (1, CASC); Easton, 14.XI.1931, 10.IV.1932, 7.V.1933, 11.XI.1931, J. Wilcox (4, USNM); Sawmill Flat Forest Camp, 6.VII.1935, J. Wilcox (7, CASC); Sawmill Flat, Rainier National Forest, 25.V.1935, 1.VI.1935, 15.VI.1935, J. Wilcox (10, OSAC); Sawmill Flat, Rainier National Forest, 30.V.1936, W.W. Baker (2, OSAC); Rainier National Forest, Sawmill Flat, 5.VII.1933, S.E. Crumb (1, AMNH; 1, DEUN; 16, OSAC); Rainier National Forest, Sawmill Flat, 25.V.1935, J. Wilcox (4, OSAC). Yakima Co., Mt. Adams, “West Klickitat”, 17.VI.1925, L.A. Morley (1, USNM); Mt. Adams, Bird Creek, VII.1931, I.W. Bales (1, WSU); Mt. Adams, Bird Creek, VII.1931, I.W. Bales (1, WSU). Localities of unknown counties in the area surrounding Mt. Rainier: Rainier National Forest, Hell’ s Crossing, 30.V.1935, S.E. Crumb (2, OSAC); Rainier National Forest, Hell’ s Crossing, 30.V.1935, J. Wilcox (18, OSAC); Rainier National Forest, Hell’ s Crossing, 15.VI.1935, 8.VI.1935, W.W. Baker (2, OSAC); Rainier National Forest, Indian Flat Camp, 26.V.1939, S.E. Crumb (2, OSAC); Rainier National Forest, Pleasant Valley, 27.VI.1939, S.E. Crumb (1, OSAC); Signal Peak Ranger Station, 21.VI.1935, S.E. Crumb (3, OSAC); Signal Peak Ranger Station, 21.VI.1935, J. Wilcox (12, OSAC).

Figures

Map 26. Geographical distribution of Panscopus abruptus.

Figs. 17–26. Panscopus species, sternum 8 (spiculum ventrale), ventral (a) and left lateral (b) views. 17) P. torpidus; 18) P. ovalis; 19) P. tricarinatus; 20) P. bufo; 21) P. schwarzi; 22) P. coloradensis; 23) P. aequalis; 24) P. squamifrons; 25) P. abruptus; 26) P. rugicollis. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figs. 47–52. Panscopus species, coxites and vagina, dorsal (a), ventral (b), and left lateral (c) views. 47) P. schwarzi; 48) P. coloradensis; 49) P. aequalis; 50) P. squamifrons; 51) P. abruptus; 52) P. rugicollis. cx = coxites; st = stylus. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figs. 71–73. Panscopus species, aedeagus, dorsal (a), ventral (b), and left lateral (c) views. 71) P. coloradensis; 72) P. squamifrons; 73) P. abruptus. b = belt of tegmen; is = internal sac; mb = manubrium of tegmen; ml = median lobe; ms = median strut; t = tegmen. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figs. 74–76. Panscopus species. 74) P. ovatipennis: a) Dorsal view of tergum 7 (t7), pygidium (pg), and apex of apical tubular structure (at), b) Ventral and c) Lateral views of spiculum gastrale (sg), pygidium, and apical tubular structure; 75) P. gemmatus: a) Dorsal view of pygidium, b) Ventral view of spiculum gastrale and pygidium; 76) P.abruptus: a) Lateral and b) Ventral views of spiculum gastrale and pygidium. Scale bar = 1mm.