Panscopus (Panscopus) erinaceus (Say, 1832)

Spanton, Timothy G. & Anderson, Robert S., 2016, A Taxonomic Revision of Weevils of the Genus Panscopus Schönherr (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae: Tropiphorini), The Coleopterists Bulletin (mo 15) 70, pp. 1-86 : 16-17

Panscopus (Panscopus) erinaceus (Say, 1832)

( Figs. 4 , 30 , Map 4 )

Barynotus erinaceus Say 1832: 12 .

Panscopus erinaceus ; Schönherr 1842: 267; LeConte and Horn 1876: 42; Blatchley 1916: 104; O’ Brien and Wibmer 1982: 63; Ciegler 2010: 200; Bright and Bouchard 2008: 257.

Panscopus (Panscopus) erinaceus ; Pierce 1913: 393; Leng 1920: 312; Buchanan 1927: 27, 1936: 4; Schenkling and Marshall 1931: 40; Blackwelder 1939: 66; Bousquet et al. 2013: 345.

Panscopus carinatus Pierce 1913: 398 .

Type Material. Type specimens of B. erinaceus have generally been presumed lost along with all of Say’ s collection. However, Prena (2015) pointed out that Say sent specimens of his species overseas to Europe and that putative syntypes do exist in various European collections, especially that of Schönherr in Stockholm. The case of B. erinaceus appears to be one such example, wherein a single specimen of this species is present in drawer 193 of the Schönherr collection. This specimen is here designated as the lectotype for Barynotus erinaceus Say. Say (1832) made no mention of the number of specimens upon which he based his descrip- tion, and he indicated the type locality as simply the United States. It should also be noted that according to Prena (2015), the date for pages 9–24 of Say’ s Curculionites pamphlet would have been March 1832 or later.

Also examined was the following type material of P. carinatus in the USNM: Holotype: “Detroit, Mich; Coll Hubbard & Schwarz; Type No.146951 U.S. N.M.; Panscopus / carinatus / Type Pierce”; one paratype, also from Detroit, Mich., Hubbard and Schwarz colln., bearing the USNM no. 14645.

Specific Epithet. “ Erinaceus ” is the Latin noun (in apposition) for hedgehog, presumably referring to the spiny appearance of the surface of adults of this species, due to the stout erect setae on the dorsum.

Diagnosis. A pair of setae inserted on the ventral surface of the prementum at the anterior onethird to mid-length, sinuous humeral angles with intervals 7 and 9 coalescent a short distance distad of the anterior margin of the elytron, and all elytral intervals setose distinguish adult specimens as members of this species.

Redescription. Females: Length 6.0– 6.9 mm (n = 10); width across elytra 2.9–3.5 mm (n = 10). Males: Unknown. Head: With pronounced, broad, transverse concavity on frons between eyes and rostrum and frons; rostrum unicarinate, median longitudinal carina pronounced, but rounded, and covered with vestiture; angular nasal plate large and obvious, not clearly delimited, merging with punctate region near apex of rostrum; vestiture on rostrum and frons of dense, appressed, overlapping scales, sparse rows of decumbent, slightly flattened setae on each side of rostrum, sparse, scattered setae on frons, and loose groups of 10–12 setae supraorbitally. Antennae: Scape extending to anterior third of eye, with vestiture of appressed, striate scales and decumbent setae obscuring integument over most of surface, antennomeres 2–8 with sparse decumbent setae, no scales, shiny rufous integument clearly visible; antennomere 8 longer than broad. Pronotum: One-third to 1/4 wider than long; median longitudinal sulcus present in most individuals, narrow, shallow, in some specimens highlighted by narrow, irregular longitudinal line of lighter colored scales; dorsal surface irregularly rugose-tuberculate, tubercles covered by vestiture; vestiture of dense, overlapping, appressed scales and scattered decumbent setae, setae inserted on local topographically high points of surface. Elytra: Approximately 1/2 longer than combined width, together slightly wider than prothorax, broadly oval, declivity rounded; in lateral view, slightly reflexed at posteroventral apex; intervals slightly convex, odd-numbered intervals slightly elevated over even intervals; row of setae present on all intervals, in most specimens, in some, even intervals with discontinuous row or few setae near base and declivity; serial punctures each with round or broadly oval scale, surface vestiture of dense, overlapping, appressed, striate, nearly round scales and rows of decumbent to semi-erect setae; scales beige to brown in color. Legs: Tibiae 1, 2, and 3 with row of 4–5 amber-colored spines on ventro-medial margin in apical half, femora and tibiae with dense vestiture of overlapping scales and scattered, decumbent setae; apex of tibia 3 with corbellar area very narrow, indistinctly delimited from lateral surface of tibia. Abdomen: With 5 ventrites; vestiture of continuous layer of appressed scales and scattered, decumbent setae. Genitalia: Tergum VIII broadly convex dorsally, rounded apically, sternum VIII (spiculum ventrale) with apical expansion broad and slightly convex ventrally, rounded at apices, cleft medially in apical third, with fine setae apically ( Fig. 4 ), directed posteroventrally; coxites 1 and 2 angular in dorsal view, narrowed apically ( Fig. 30 ); styli with 3 or 4 fine setae apically, vagina membranous, no sclerotized structures internally, with dorsal wall of vagina formed by slightly sclerotized, rounded; spermatheca vaguely scythe-shaped, thin and tapered, acute apically.

Life History. Adult females have been collected in the months of May, June, July, August, September, October, and November.

Plant Associations. One specimen bears a label indicating it was taken from Rubus L. ( Rosaceae )

(CNCI). The species also has been reported to have been collected from wild grape, Vitis L. ( Vitaceae ) (Blatchley and Leng 1916).

Geographical Distribution. This species is widespread in eastern North America from Minnesota and Ontario in the west, eastward to the Atlantic coast, and south to southern West Virginia. It occurs in CT, DC, GA, IL, KY, MA, MD, MI, MN, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, ON, PA, QC, RI, VA, WI, and WV ( Map 4 ) .

Chorological Affinities. The ranges of this species and P. impressus are adjacent to one another and non-overlapping.

Material Examined. In addition to the holotype of P. carinatus , approximately 160 specimens were examined. CANADA: Ontario: Essex Co., Leamington , 14.VI.1940, W.J. Brown (1, CNCI) . Prince Edward Co., 5.VI.1938, J.C. Brimley (4, UCDC) ; 10.V.1936, J.C. Brimley (4, UCDC) ; 11.VII.1926, J.C. Brimley (1, CWOB) ; 26.VII.1945, J.C. Brimley (1, AMNH) ; 5.VI.1938, J.C. Brimley (2, AMNH) ; 17.V.1914 (1, CNCI) ; 20.VII.19 (1, CNCI); 24.VI.1925 (1, CNCI) ; 28.VI.1925 (1, CNCI) ; 18.VII.1926 (1, CNCI) ; 31.VI.1927 (1, CNCI) ; 7.V.1933 (1, CNCI) ; 21.V.1948 (3, CNCI) ; 13.VII.1930 (1, CNCI) ; 29.VII.1917 (1, CNCI) ; no date (2, CNCI); Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton, Ottawa , 11.VII.1914, Rubus (1, CNCI) ; Jockvale , 3.VI.1943, W.J. Brown (1, CNCI) . Renfrew Co., Chalk River , 23.VIII.1936 (1, CNCI) ; 7 km. S.W. Carleton Place, 16-30. V.1982, Huggert, Masner and Goulet (1, CMNC) . Québec: Gatineau Park, Harrington Lake , 20. VI.1954, J.E.H. Martin (1, CNCI) . USA: Connecticut: New Haven Co., Prospect , 17.VIII.1972, C.W. O’ Brien, at night (1, CWOB) ; Prospect , 16. IX.1966, C.W. O’ Brien (1, CWOB) ; Prospect , 12. IX.1966, C.W. O’ Brien (2, CWOB) ; Prospect , 16.VIII.1976, C.W. O’ Brien, at night (1, CWOB) ; Westville , 18.VI.1904, W.E. Britton (1, CAES) . Litchfield Co., Cornwall , 17.VII.1921, M.P. Zappe (1, CAES) . District of Columbia: Washington , 13.VI., Hubbard & Schwarz (1, USNM) ; Washington , 19.VI., Hubbard & Schwarz (1, USNM) ; “D.C.”, Stromberg collection (1, INHS) ; “DC”, ex H. Ulke colln. (7, CMNH) . Georgia: Rabun Co., 1 mi. N.W. Pine Mountain, 3.VII.1983, 1650’, J. Pakaluk, beating mixed vegetation (1, CMNC) ; 1.7 mi. N.W. Pine Mountain , 3.VII.1983, 1900’, J. Pakaluk, forest floor litter (1, CMNC) . Towns Co., Brasstown, Bald Mountains on Highway 180, 19.VI.1993, R. Morris (1, CMNC) . Illinois: “III”, from Liebeck Collection (3, CASC) . Kentucky: “ Kentucky ” no locality indicated, ex. H. Ulke collection (2, CMNH) . Massachusetts: Essex Co., H. Parker State Forest, 6& 7.IX.1966, C. & L. O’ Brien (1, RHTC; 9, CWOB). Hampden Co. , Montgomery, 7.VII.48 (1, USNM) . Middlesex Co., Framingham, C.A. Frost (1, FMNH) ; Natick, C.A. Frost (1, UCDC) ; Natick , 15.VI.1941 (1, UMAA) ; Sherborn , 5.IX.1938, C.A. Frost (1, BMNH) . Maryland: Montgomery Co., Plummer’ s Island , 22.VI, 20.III.1921, 8.VIII. 1905, 16.VII.1911, 24.VI.1908, H.S. Barber (5, USNM) ; Plummer’ s I., 10.VII.1908, Barber & Schwarz (1, PURC) ; Great Falls (1, USNM) . Michigan: Cheboygan Co., Burt Lake State Park , 9.VI.1969, O’ Brien, C.W. (1, CMNC) . Ingham Co., E. Lansing, 25.V. (1, CNCI) . Livingston Co., E.S. George Reserve, 13.XI.1948, 22.VII.1949, K. Bohnsack (2, UMAA) . Midland Co., 4.VI.1937, R.R. Dreisbach (1, USNM) . Oakland Co., 20.VII. 1935, 4.VII.1938, A.W. Andrews (2, UMAA) . Wayne Co., [Paratype #14645 USNM carinatus ] Detroit, VI., Hubbard & Schwarz (1, USNM) . County unknown: “Mich.”, VII (2, USNM) . Minnesota: Hubbard Co., Island Lake Area , 14.VII.1982, J.E. Wappes (1, CWOB) . New Hampshire: Merrimack Co., 1 mi. E. Concord airport, 12-29.V.2001, D.S. Chandler, pine-oak barrens, pitfall (1, CMNC) . Rockingham Co., Hampton , 1.VI.1904, 14.IV.1911, S.A. Shaw (2, USNM) . County unknown: “N.H.” through C.V. Riley (2, USNM) . New Jersey: Essex Co., Cedar Grove , 8.V.1926, A. Nicolay (1, USNM) ; Irvington , 12.IV., E.A. Bischoff (1, CASC) ; Newark, Liebeck collection (1, CASC) . Gloucester Co., Woodbury , 25.III., H.W. Wenzel collection (3, OSUC) . Morris Co., Boonton , 17.IV.1901, G.M. Greene collection (1, USNM) . County unknown: “N.J.”, R. Hopping collection (1, CASC) . “N.J.”, F. Knab collection (1, USNM) ; “N.J.”, Brooklyn Mus. Collection (1, USNM) ; Ft. Spec, E. Shoemaker (1, USNM) ; Orange Mountain , E.A. Bischoff collection (1, USNM) . New York: Clinton Co., Plattsburg , 4.VII.1914, Shoemaker collection (1, USNM) . Erie Co., Buffalo, Hubbard & Schwarz (1, USNM) ; Kings Co., Brooklyn , 6.VII.1907, Shoemaker collection (1, USNM) . Niagara Co., Olcott , 4.VII.1925, H. Dietrich (1, CUIC) . Orange Co., Ft. Montgomery, 31.V.1903, Blatchley Collection (1, PURC) . Queens Co., Aqueduct , Long Island, 5.V.1912, Shoemaker collection (1, USNM) ; Flushing , Long Island, K.C. Cooper (1, OSUC) . Suffolk Co., Long Pond , 29.VI.1924 (1, CUIC) ; Wading River , Long Island, 27.VI.1922, F.M. Schott (1, AMNH) . Tompkins Co., Ithaca , 29. V.1894 (1, USNM) . Westchester Co., White Plains , 26.VII.1925, JRTB (1, FMNH) ; Linell collection (1, USNM) ; N.Y. City vicinity (2, USNM; 1, BMNH); N.Y. City vicinity, H. Soltau collection (1, USNM) ; NY, ex Henry Ulke collection (1, CMNH) ; N.Y. T.B.A. (1, PURC). North Carolina: Macon Co., 10 mi. S.W. Franklin Rock Gap, Trail, Forest Service Road 67, 16-20.VIII.1990, S. O’ Keefe, sift hardwood litter (1, CMNC) . Ohio: Lucas Co., Spencer T., 6-7.V.1939, E.S. Thomas (1, USNM) . Pennsylvania: Dauphin Co., 21. VI.1928, J.N. Knull (1, CASC) . Monroe Co., “Canadensis”, 8.VII. Shoemaker collection (1, USNM) . Northampton Co., Easton , 8.VII.1917, J.W. Green (1, CASC) ; Wind Gap , 1.VII.1941, 3.VII.1942, 11.VII.1941, 16.VII.1941, 25.VII.1946, J.W. Green (6, CASC) . York Co., Wash. Township , 26.VII. 1923, P.J. Spangler (1, USNM) . County unknown: “Penn.”, G.M. Green collection (1, USNM) ; E. Park , H.W. Wenzel collection (1, OSUC) ; Frankford , 7.4. (1, USNM) . Rhode Island: Kent Co., Warwick , 21.IV.1899, E.E. Calder (2, UMAA) . Virginia: Fairfax Co., 23.VI.1920, A. Nicolay (1, USNM) ; Great Falls , 11.VI.1910, E. Shoemaker (1, USNM) ; County unknown: “Va.”, 19.IX.1880 (1, USNM) ; ex H. Ulke collection (2, CMNH) . West Virginia: Berkeley Co., Berkeley, Hubbard & Schwarz collection. (2, USNM) . Mercer Co., Camp Creek State Forest , 2.X.1970, S. Bird (1, CNCI) . Pendleton Co., 5 mi. N.W. Ruddle, 28.V.1992, J.D. Mackey, pitfall trap (1, CMNC) . Raleigh Co., Fall Branch, near junction New River , 21-31.VII.1989, R. Canterbury, pitfall trap (1, CMNC) . Wisconsin: Milwaukee Co., 6.VII.1886, W.M. Wheeler (1, USNM) . Dane Co., Madison , VI.1938, H.R. Dodge (1, WSU) . Unknown state, county, or locality (2, INHS) .

Figures

Map 4. Geographical distribution of Panscopus erinaceus.

Figs. 1–8. Panscopus species, sternum 8 (spiculum ventrale), ventral (a) and left lateral (b) views. 1) P. maculosus; 2) P. ovatipennis; 3) P. alternatus; 4) P. erinaceus; 5) P. impressus; 6) P. costatus; 7) P. capizzii; 8) P. convergens. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figs. 27–32. Panscopus species, coxites and vagina, dorsal (a), ventral (b), and left lateral (c) views. 27) P.maculosus; 28) P. ovatipennis; 29) P. alternatus; 30) P. erinaceus; 31) P. impressus; 32) P. costatus. cx = coxites; st = stylus. Scale bar = 1 mm.