Zavrelia elenae, Zorina, Oksana V., 2008

Zorina, Oksana V., 2008, Russian Zavrelia Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae), with the description of two new species, Zootaxa 1845, pp. 60-68 : 62-65

Zavrelia elenae sp. n.

( Figs 1–12 )

Type material. Holotype male, RUSSIA: Primorye Territory, Lazovskiy Reserve, Pryamushka Riverbasin, Kaplanov Stream, 10.vii.2007, O. Zorina. Paratypes: 14 males, same data as holotype; 1 male, Lazovskiy Nature Reserve, Perekatnaya River about 4 km from Cordon " America ", 12.vii.2007, O. Zorina; 10 males, Lazovskiy Nature Reserve, Perekatnaya River about 500 m from Cordon " America ", 6–7.vii.2007, O. Zorina; 1 male, Lazovskiy Nature Reserve, Perekatnaya River about 1 km from Cordon " America ", 7.vii.2007, O. Zorina; 1 male, "Kedrovaya Pad" Nature Reserve, Kedrovaya Riverbasin, 1st Zolotoy Stream, 14.vii.1975, L. Zheltsova; 1 male, Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve, Zabolochennaya River near Cordon "Ust-Shanduy", 22.vii.2004, O. Zorina & E. Pimeniva; 1 PL-male, 3 PL-females, 3 P-females, 13 L, Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve, Sukhoy Spring near Cordon "Blagodatnoe", 14.vii.2006, O. Zorina & E. Pimeniva; 1 male, Khabarovsk Territory, Jay Riverbasin, Khakubera Spring, 4–5.viii.2005, E. Makarchenko; 1 P-male, Suraken River, 3.xi.2006, N. Javorskaya; 34 males, Amgun Riverbasin, spring about 5 km from Briakan Village, 21.vii.2006, E. Makarchenko; 2 males, Amgun Riverbasin, spring about 50 m from Polina Osipenko Village , 20.vii.2006, E. Makarchenko; 2 males, Bureya Riverbasin, Soloni River near railway bridge, 22.vii.2003, O. Zorina; 2 males, Khingan River near railway bridge, 31.vii.2003, O. Zorina; 1 male, Khingan River near Zarechnoe Village, 22–23.vii.2003, O. Zorina.

Etymology. Named in honor of my friend and colleague Dr. Elena A. Pimenova, who helped collecting this interesting material.

Diagnostic characters. Male anal point without spinules and microtrichiae between anal crests; superior volsella with tapering apex; AR 1.00–1.18; legs yellow with distal part of femora and proximal end of tibiae brown. Pupa with 253–275 µm long thoracic horn; segment II with 3 L setae; segment III–IV each with 3 LS setae; segment V with 3–4 LS setae; spur on segment VIII with several dorsal spines. Larva with frontal apotome lacking median depression; AR 0.75–1.00; antenna with first Lauterborn organ situated in proximal 1/3 of segment 2; mola of mandible with 1 spine.

Male (n = 7)

Total length 1.60–1.85 mm; wing length 1.20–1.35 mm. Total length / wing length 1.23–1.37.

Coloration. Antenna, thorax, and abdomen brown. Legs yellow with distal part of femora and proximal ends of tibiae and ta5 brown.

Head. Frontal tubercles conical, 9–11 µm long, 9 µm wide. Antenna with 10 flagellomeres, 605–699 µm long; ultimate flagellomere 308–363 µm long; AR 1.00–1.18. Verticals 6–8. Clypeus with 6–10 setae. Maxillary palp 383–437 µm long; length of palpomeres 2–5 (in µm): 32–45, 108–122, 99–117, 140–171. Palp length / head width 0.79–0.81; antenna length / palp length 1.91–2.05.

Thorax. Acrostichals 8–15, dorsocentrals 6–8, prealars 1. Scutellum with 6 setae.

Wing 330–380 µm wide. All veins except M with microtrichia. VR 1.3–1.5.

Legs. Spur of foretibia 14–18 µm long, spurs of midtibia 23 and 18 µm long, spurs of hind tibia 27 and 18 µm long. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 1 .

Hypopygium ( Figs 1–3 ). Tergite IX with 4–10 median setae. Laterosternite IX with 1 seta. Anal point 41– 54 µm long, 14–18 µm wide, tapering to apex; without spinules and microtrichia between anal crests. Transverse sternapodeme 59–72 µm long, without oral projections. Phallapodeme 81–104 µm long. Gonocoxite 77–104 µm long, with 4–5 setae medially. Superior volsella elongate with pointed apex; 36–45 µm long, 14– 18 µm wide; inner margin with 2 setae subapically, outer margin with 3–5 setae. Stem of median volsella about 18 µm long, with 5–7 lamellae apically. Inferior volsella 59 µm long, with 11–15 setae in distal third. Gonostylus 59–68 µm long, inner margin with 3–4 setae. HR 1.20–1.54.

Pupa (n = 2)

Total length 2.60 mm.

Cephalothorax ( Figs 4–5 ). Frontal seta 189 µm long. Thoracic horn 253–275 µm long, 22 µm wide, covered with spines in distal 3/4. Prealar tubercle well developed. Precorneals 3, antepronotals 3 (1 median and 2 lateral), dorsocentrals 4. Distance between DC2 and DC3 122–126 µm.

Abdomen ( Figs 6–7 ). Tergites II–VI with shagreen, shagreen not extending anterior of seta D1, shagreen on tergite VI sometimes separated medially. Tergites VII–IX with pair of anterolateral patches of spinules. Pleura of segments II–VI with shagreen. Hook row consisting of 44–54 hooks. Segment VIII with single dark posterolateral spur dorsally covered with spinules. Segment II with 3 L setae, segments III–IV each with 3 LS setae, segment V with 3–4 LS setae, segments VI–VII each with 4 LS setae, segment VIII with 3–4 LS setae. Anal lobe with 17–19 lamelliform setae and dorsal seta in distal part.

Fourth instar larva (n = 8)

Total length 2.25–2.30 mm. Coloration green (in formaldehyde), with yellowish brown head capsule. Head capsule 250 µm long, 150 µm wide, cephalic index (W/L) = 0.6.

Head. Frontal apotome without median depression. Setae S 3 simple or split in several branches ( Figs 9– 10 ). Antenna 146–158 µm long, length of segments (in µm): 68–77, 45–50, 14–18, 11–17. AR 0.75–1.0. Pedestal 90 µm long, distal spur 32 µm long. Basal segment with ring organ at base and single 59 µm long seta. Blade 108–140 µm long, extending far beyond apex of antenna. Second segment with 23–32 µm long Lauterborn organ on short pedicel in proximal 1/3; second Lauterborn organ 30–41 µm long, on long pedicel. Style 23–25 µm long ( Fig. 8 ). Seta S I 16 µm long, S II 27 µm long, S III 23 µm long. Premandible 45–52 µm long, with 4 pale teeth. Mandible 72–90 µm long, 45–56 µm wide; seta subdentalis 41–45 µm long; mola with 1 spine ( Fig. 11 ); apical and 3 inner teeth brownish. Maxillary palp with four segments, 25 µm long; ring organ subapically in basal segment. Mentum 54–68 µm long; median tooth yellowish, lateral teeth yellowish brown ( Fig. 12 ). Ventromental plate 45–54 µm wide, 27–32 µm high; distance between ventromental plates 23–32 µm.

Body. Posterior parapod with 15 yellow, simple claws. Anal tubules conical, 68–72 µm long, 23–27 µm wide. Procercus 27 µm long, 27 µm wide, with 4 anal setae. Segments II–VI with pair of plumose setae in posterolateral corner.

Remarks. The male is very similar to Z. clinovolsella Guo et Wang in the shape of the hypopygium, but differs by having AR 1.00–1.18, anal point without spinules and microtrichia between anal crests, and yellow legs with distal part of femora and proximal end of tibiae brown. The male of Z. clinovolsella has AR 0.56, anal point without spinules, but with microtrichia between anal crests, and yellowish-brown legs ( Guo & Wang 2004).

Distribution and ecology. Zavrelia elenae sp. n. was taken in the Primorye and Khabarovsk Territories in the Russian Far East, where the larvae occur in springs, streams and rivers.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 12. Zavrelia elenae sp. n. male (1 – 3), pupa (4 – 7) and larva (8 – 12). 1. Hypopygium. 2. Tergite IX, lateral view. 3. Superior volsella. 4. Thoracic horn. 5. Thorax, lateral view. 6. Tergites II – IX. 7. Anal spur. 8. Antenna. 9. Dorsal sclerites. 10. S 3. 11. Mandible. 12. Mentum and ventromental plate. Scale bar 50 µm.

Tables

TABLE 1. Lengths (in µm) and proportion of legs Zavrelia elenae sp. n., male (n = 7).

fe	ti	ta1	ta2	ta3
p1 480–570	330–390	465–570	300–330	210–240
p2 510–600	390–465	240–300	135–150	90–120
p3 600–720	480–570	330–375	180–210	150–165