Stibasoma festivum (Wiedemann)

Turcatel, Mauren, Carvalho, Claudio José Barros De & Rafael, José Albertino, 2010, A taxonomic revision of Stibasoma Schiner, 1867 (Diptera: Tabanidae), Zootaxa 2368, pp. 1-39 : 17-20

Stibasoma festivum (Wiedemann)

( Figs. 34–39 )

Tabanus festivum Wiedemann, 1828: 135 (description).

Stibasoma festivum ; Knab, 1913: 408, 409 (key, citation); Lutz, 1915: 113 –114 (translation of the original description); Kröber, 1932: 242, 244, 246 (citation, key, redescription); Fairchild, 1967: 94 (citation); Fairchild, 1971: 75 (catalog); Fairchild & Burger, 1994: 113 (catalog).

Tabanus mallophoroides Walker, 1857: 123 (description).

Stibasoma mallophoroides ; Knab, 1913: 408, 409 (key, citation); Lutz, 1915: 114 –115 (translation of the original description); Kröber, 1932: 243, 244, 246 (citation, key, diagnosis); Fairchild, 1960: 5 (citation); Fairchild & Burger, 1994: 113 (catalog, as junior synonym of S. festivum ).

Stibasoma festivum var. mallophoroides ; Fairchild, 1971: 75 (catalog).

Stibasoma dyridophorum Knab 1913: 410 (description); Kröber 1932: 242, 244, 247 (citation, key, redescription); Bequaert 1944: 12, 16 (citation, designation as a junior synonym of S. mallophoroides ).

Stibasoma festivum dyridophorum ; Fairchild 1971: 75; Fairchild & Burger, 1994: 113 (catalog). NEW SYNONYM.

Diagnosis. Dark brown to black with one or two yellow stripes on the proximal part of the abdomen; wing brown with conspicuous hyaline area on the cell d, which may extend to the cell bm.

Redescription. Female (holotype). Head. Frons dark brown with silver pollinosity, best seen in dorsal view, and sparse dark brown hairs. Frontal callus as wide as frons, dark brown. Subcallus dark brown, shiny, with dense silver pollinosity laterally. Base of antenna with yellowish pollinosity. Scape dark brown with black hairs; pedicel dark brown with black hairs, with dorsal projection; flagellum light brown with sparse golden pollinosity; basal flagellomere with dorsal spine, reaching the third flagellomere; basal flagellomere with a slight angle ventrally. Face and parafacia dark brown, with silver pollinosity best seen in dorsal view. Gena and postgena dark brown with silver pollinosity and dark brown hairs. Palpus dark brown with black hairs.

Thorax. Scutum and scutellum dark brown with gray pollinosity and black hairs. Scutum with two lighter stripes laterally on the integument. Postpronotal lobe lighter than the scutum, with white hairs proximally and black hairs distally. Notopleuron light brown with black hairs. Proepisternum and proepimeron dark brown with gray pollinosity and black hairs. Anepisternum dark brown with black hairs; anepimeron lighter than the anepisternum, with black hairs; katatergite dark brown with black hairs; katepisternum dark brown with black hairs; katepimeron light brown with silver pollinosity; few white hairs on base of wing, beside the basicosta. Coxa dark brown, with sparse gray pollinosity and black hairs. Femur and tibiae 1 and 2 dark brown with black hairs, except for white hairs proximally on the anterior, anterodorsal and dorsal sides of the tibia; tarsus lighter than the tibia, with reddish hairs on the ventral side. Hind leg with femur dark brown with black hairs; tibia dark brown with a row of long hairs on the anterodorsal part, white on the anterodorsal side and black on the dorsal side, reddish distally; tarsus lighter than the tibia, with reddish hairs. Wing predominantly light brown, with apex and cell d hyaline. Pterostigma brown; venation brown; halter light brown, yellowish in the apex.

Abdomen. Tergite 1 dark brown on the proximal margin and yellowish-gray on the distal margin, with dense yellow hairs; tergite 2 dark brown proximally and yellowish-gray distally, with dark brown hairs in middle and dense yellow hairs laterally. Tergites 3 and 4 almost entirely dark brown with dark brown hairs, except for lateral stripes of yellow hairs, slighter than in tergite 2 and a slight lighter line on the distal margin, with dark brown hairs mixed with few reddish hairs. The remaining tergites entirely dark brown with dark brown hairs and few reddish hairs on the distal margins. Sternites dark brown proximally and yellow distally, with golden hairs laterally and yellowish-orange in middle; sternite 1 with black hairs proximally.

Measurements. (n = 1, holotype) Body length: 15.43mm. Wing length: 13.14mm. Frontal index: 5.36. Divergence index: 1.28.

Description. Male (Novo Airão, 14-19.vi.1996). Head. Dorsal part of the eye light brown with large ommatidia; ventral part of the eye dark brown to black, with small ommatidia. Subcallus dark brown to black, shiny; base of the antenna with silver pollinosity. Antenna dark brown to black: scape and pedicel with black hairs. Flagellum dark brown to black with golden pollinosity; basal flagellomere with dorsal spine reaching the third flagellomere. Face and parafacia dark brown to black, with black hairs and silver pollinosity best seen in frontal view. Gena and postgena dark brown to black, with silver pollinosity and black hairs. Palpus dark brown to black, with silver pollinosity and black hairs.

Thorax. scutum and scutellum dark brown to black, with gray pollinosity and black hairs. Postpronotal lobe brown, with white hairs. Notopleuron brown, with black hairs. Proepisternum brown, with white hairs proximally and black hairs distally. Anepisternum brown, with black hairs and few white hairs on base of wing, beside the basicosta. Anepimeron brown, with silver gray pollinosity and black hairs. Katatergite brown with black hairs. Katepisternum brown, with silver pollinosity and black hairs. Katepimeron brown with silver pollinosity. Coxa brown, with silver pollinosity and black hairs. Femur dark brown to black with black hairs. Tibiae 1 and 2 dark brown to black with black hairs, except for white hairs proximally on the anterior, anterodorsal, dorsal and posterodorsal sides. Tibia 3 dark brown to black with black hairs, except for white hairs proximally on the anterodorsal side. Tarsus dark brown to black with black hairs, except for reddish hairs on the ventral side. Wing brown, with apex, cell d and distal part of cell bm hyaline. Venation brown. Pterostigma brown. Halter brown with whitish apex.

Abdomen. Tergites 1 and 2 light brown, with yellow hairs. Tergite 3 brown with black hairs, except for the yellow hairs laterally. Tergite 4 brown with black hairs. The other tergites brown with reddish hairs. Sternites 1 and 2 brown, with yellow hairs laterally and reddish hairs in middle. The other sternites brown with reddish hairs.

Measurements. (n = 1, Novo Airão, 14-19.vi.1996) Body length: 14.57mm. Wing length: 11.43mm.

Variations. The lighter spot on the wing may only include the discal cell or may reach the bm cell, entirely or partially. The white hairs on the anterodorsal side of the hind tibia may vary between the entire length of the tibia or only be found proximally. The tergite 2 may have yellow hairs only laterally or also on the distal margin, forming a second yellow stripe.

Type-locality. Brazil.

Distribution. Argentina ( Formosa); Brazil (Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Pará); Colombia; French Guiana; Trinidad and Tobago; Venezuela.

Type material examined. Stibasoma festivum : “Zool. Mus.\ Berlin” “festivus\ Wied. *” “ Type ” “Pará Sieber” “12” (holotype, female, ZMHU). Stibasoma mallophoroides : “ Tabanus \ Type \ mallophoroides \ Walker” “Amazon Region\ ex coll.\ W.W.Saunders.\ 68-4.” “Amaz” “68-4” “ mallophoroides ” “ HOLOTYPE \ Tabanus \ mallophoroides Walker \ det: J.E.Chainey 1978” “ BMNH (E)#\ 253480” (holotype, female, BMNH).

Additional material examined. BRAZIL. Amazonas: female, Manaus, AM 0 10 Km 54, 02º45’33”S 59º51’03”W, 2-6.vi-1997, R.L.M.Ferreira, A.L.Henriques & J.F.Vidal, ( INPA); female, idem, 21-31.vii.1997, R.L.M.Ferreira, A.L.Henriques & J.F.Vidal, ( INPA); female, idem, 08-09.i.2001, R.L.M.Ferreira et al., ( INPA); male, Novo Airão, Parque Nacional do Jaú, Rio Unini, Bacaba, 01º45’52”S, 62º05’11”W, 14- 19.vi.1996, C. Motta, ( INPA); female, Presidente Figueiredo, Igarapé da Onça, Balneário Sossego da Pantera, 02º05’57”S 60º01’02”W, 26-28.ix.2000, A.M.O. Pés, J.O. da Silva, & J. Bosco, ( INPA); Pará: female, Belém, Floresta APEG, 7-11.x.1982, without collector, ( MPEG); 2 females, idem, 9-16.xi.1982, I.S.Gorayeb, ( MPEG); female, idem, 17-21.xii.1982, I.S.Gorayeb, ( MPEG); female, idem, 19-21.xii.1982, I.S.Gorayeb, ( MPEG). COLOMBIA. Putumayo: female, Vila Garzon, 1.i.1991, M. Cooper, ( BMNH). FRENCH GUYANA. Camopi: female, Oyapock, 19.xi.1969, Balachowsky-Gruner, ( MNHN); female, Piste Coralie P.K.2, ix.1991, H.de Tougoêt, J.Navatte, P.Bleuzen, L.Sénécaux, ( MNHN); female, Piste Dégrad Correze P.K.2, 26.iii.1993, P.Kindel, ( MNHN). TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO. Trinidad: female, Sangre Grande, Rio Grande Forest, 1-10.v.1957, T.H.G. Aitken, ( INPA). VENEZUELA. Bolívar: female, Parque Nacional Canaima, próx[imo ao] Salto Anaway, 27.ii.2003, R.L.M. Ferreira & M.E. Grillet, ( INPA).

Remarks. We analyzed a representative sample of S. festivum and one specimen of S. festivum dyridophorum from Trinidad, and the variations in wing and body color suggest intermediate forms, hence we considered them to be the same species. Figures 37–39 refer to the type material of S. mallophoroides , another synonym of S. festivum .

Figures

FIGURES 34 – 39. Figures 34 – 36, Stibasoma festivum holotype Ƥ: (34) dorsal view; (35) frontal view; (36) lateral view; figures 37 – 39, S. mallophoroides holotype Ƥ: (37) dorsal view; (38) frontal view; (39) lateral view.