Taxonus shinoharai Togashi, 2009

Fu, Yuanzun, Yuan, Yuan, Shen, Qian, Xu, Hao, Ye, Zheng, Guo, Li, Wu, Xiaoliang & Zhao, Yunhe, 2021, Taxonomic Notes and New Distribution and Host Plant Records for Sawflies and Woodwasps (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) of Japan VI, Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 47 (4), pp. 163-188 : 184-185

Taxonus shinoharai Togashi, 2009

New Japanese name: Kinmizuhiki-habachi

( Fig. 9J–M )

Material examined. HONSHU: Tochigi Pref.: 1 ˁ, Nasukarasuyama, Ogane, 36°39′N 140°06′E, coll. larva, on Agrimonia pilosa var. japonica , 24. IX. 2019, mat. 6. X., em. 13. I. 2020, S. Ibuki; 1 ˁ, Nakagawa, Wami, 36°45′N 140°09′E, coll. larva, on Agrimonia pilosa var. japonica , 26. IX. 2019 ( Fig. 9J [larger larva], K), mat. 30. IX. ( Fig. 9 L ), em. 26. X. 2019 ( Fig. 9M ), S. Ibuki; 1 ˂, same locality, coll. larva, on

Agrimonia pilosa var. japonica , 26. IX. 2019 ( Fig. 9J [smaller larva]), mat. 11. X., em. 23. I. 2020, S. Ibuki.

Larva. Middle instar ( Fig. 9J [smaller larva]): head brownish white, with large median spot and smaller lateral spot on vertex black; trunk and legs creamy white, dorsal region pale greenish, each segment with small black spot laterally. Late instar ( Fig. 9J [larger larva], K): similar to middle instar. Mature larva ( Fig. 9 L ): yellowish white, shiny, with small blackish lateral spots on each segment of trunk.

Host plants. Rosaceae : Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. var. japonica (Miq.) Nakai (new record).

Life history. This is a multivoltine species. In our rearing indoors, one larva that matured on September 30, 2019, emerged as a male adult on October 26, 2019, another larva that matured on October 6, 2019, emerged as a male adult on January 13, 2020, and another larva that matured on October 11, 2019, emerged as a female adult on January 23, 2020. The larva is a solitary external feeder and, when matured, it has an extra molt before entering the soil.

Remarks. This species was first described as Taxonus fulvipes Togashi, 2000 , but a new name was given to it in Blank et al. (2009) because Taxonus fulvipes Togashi, 2000 , is a junior pri- mary homonym of Taxonus fulvipes Cameron, 1899 .

The female specimen listed above agrees with the holotype of Taxonus fulvipes Togashi, 2000 , but does not run to this species in the keys by Togashi (2000) and Naito (2020) beause of the erroneous statement in the keys. Taxonus shinoharai runs to the couplet 7 in Togashi`s (2000) key and the couplet 11 in Naito`s (2020) key, both of which read lMesoscutellum black with a small milky white macula; last abdominal tergite milky whitez (leading to couplet 8 in Togashi`s key and couplet 12 in Naito`s key) in the first line and lMesoscutellum and last abdominal tergite blackz (leading to couplet 9 in Togashi`s key and couplet 12 in Naito`s key) in the second line. In T. shinoharai , the mesoscutellum is entirely black and the last abdominal tergite is milky white, thus agreeing neither of the two lines of the couplet in both keys. Taxonus shinoharai is in the second line in the couplet 9 in Togashi`s key and in the couplet 13 in Naito`s key, where the last abdominal tergite is correctly described as milky white.

This species was described from a pair of specimens collected in Tokyo in 1990 and Togashi (2002) recorded it from Tochigi Prefecture.

Figures

Fig. 9. A–G, Siobla ferox: A, probably middle instar larva on Glechoma hederacea subsp. grandis, 27. VI. 2016; B, same larva, probably late instar, 12. VII. 2016; C, same larva, 16. VII. 2016; D, same larva, matured, 9. VIII. 2016; E. probably middle instar larva on Actinidia polygama, 14. VI. 2016; F. probably middle instar lar- vae on A. polygama, 19. VI. 2016; G. same larva, 15. VII. 2016. H–I, Siobla japonica: H, last instar larva, 5. VI. 2019; I, mature larva and cast skin above, 9. VI. 2019; J–M, Taxonus shinoharai: J, middle and late instar larvae on Agrimonia pilosa var. japonica, 29. IX. 2019; K, late instar, 29. IX. 2019; L, same larva, matured, 30. IX. 2019; M, male adult, just emerged, 26. X. 2019. All photographed by Ibuki.