Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908)
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.14411/fp.2021.028 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8183175 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F8BC0B-233E-5B7B-FF72-81FF0CA4E98D |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Toxoplasma gondii |
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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii
In general, antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were found in 49 (6.8%) of the 721 serum samples screened using LAT. In northeastern Thailand, T. gondii infection was most prevalent (11.1%) among buffaloes raised in Roi Et Province, while the lowest prevalence value observed was 1.4%, in Buri Ram Province. Seroprevalence in buffaloes from Surin and Sakon Nakhon was similar at 5.5% and 4.9%, respectively. There was a seroprevalence of 3.4% in buffaloes from Si Sa Ket and 6.5% of buffaloes in Ubon Rachathani were infected with T. gondii ( Fig. 1 View Fig ).
The majority of the samples for T. gondii presented low LAT titres. The most common titre was 1: 64 (66% of the positive samples). The remaining 25% of samples corresponded to the titre 1: 128. Only one and two positive samples showed 1: 1,024 and 1: 256 titres, respectively. No sample was positive at the moderate titre of 1: 512 ( Table 1 View Table 1 ). In Songkhla province, titres of either 1: 128 or 1: 256 accounted for 28.6% of positive serum samples. While 21% of positive sera were recorded for the 1: 64 titre, only one and two were observed in 1: 1,024 and 1: 512 titres, respectively ( Table 1 View Table 1 ).
Of the 294 farms, 39 had serological evidence of T. gondii infection (13.3%). They were widely distributed among all investigated provinces: Ubon Rachathani (8/59, 14%), Roi Et (9/58, 16%), Si Sa Ket (2/22, 9%), Surin (4/28, 14%), Buri Ram (1/22, 5%), Sakon Nakhon (9/98, 9%), and Songkhla (6/7, 86%).
Considering age, only 2% of the calves (aged less than 1 year) were positive for T. gondii infection, whereas buffaloes aged 1–5 years and buffaloes older than 5 years presented prevalence values of 6.3% and 8.7%, respectively. The prevalence of infection was 3.8% for male buffaloes and 7.3% for the females. However, these differences in prevalence values were not significant ( Table 2 View Table 2 ). The seroprevalence of the disease was significantly (p = 0.002) higher in water buffaloes from the southern province (14.7%) than from the provinces in the northeast (5.6%) ( Table 2 View Table 2 ).
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