Acrida ungarica (Herbst, 1786)

Holuša, Jaroslav, Kočárek, Petr, Vlk, Robert & Marhoul, Pavel, 2013, Annotated checklist of the grasshoppers and crickets (Orthoptera) of the Czech Republic, Zootaxa 3616 (5), pp. 437-460 : 450-454

Acrida ungarica (Herbst, 1786)

Material examined. Moravia mer., Bzenec, Vojenské cvičištĕ Bzenec NM, 22.viii.2010, 4 M, 1 F, 7 nymphs, R. Vlk observ.; 8.ix.2012, 7M, J. Holuša, P. Kočárek observ.

There are only two references to the occurrence of Acrida ungarica in the area of the CR, and these concern only two specimens (Makowsky 1875; Mařan 1952). Both specimens were considered by Mařan (1952) to be imported (introduced). The specimens do not exist in any collection. Details concerning the localities were not provided, and so the areas could not be re-examined. The first reference to the occurrence of Acrida ungarica in the area of the CR was in 1875 (Makowsky 1875). The extensive sandy areas in southern Moravia were already forested at the time, and only small-scale localities remained there (Holuša 2012). This species has clearly not occurred in the CR after this time. It was not detected in the past and during recent surveys of the sandy areas of Bzenec and Hodonín environs (Ginter in litt.; Kočárek et al. 1999; Holuša & Kočárek 2005; Kočárek et al. 2005).

A. ungarica occurs in the Palearctic and the Afrotropic regions (Kočárek et al. 2005). In Slovakia, this species reached (Mařan 1952) and still reaches the northern limit of its distributional range (Krištín et al. 2004). In Central Europe, its regular occurrence is now known only in southern Hungary (Rácz 1986; Nagy 1991, 1996; Nagy & Szovenyi 2001), where it is evaluated as frequent, because it was recorded on 16.9 % of investigated fields (Rácz 1998). It is more abundant in Romania than in other parts of Central Europe because it inhabits eco-regions in addition to mountains there (Iorgu et al. 2008). This species is distinctively psammophilous on the edge of its distributional range; it prefers habitats with herbal vegetation both on sand dunes and terrain depressions (Krištín et al. 2004). Such habitats are limited to small areas and are isolated in the CR (Chytrý et al. 2010, AOPK 2011).

Recent occurrences near the CR are known at 14 localities in southern Slovakia and one locality in southeastern Slovakia (Krištín pers. comm., Krištín et al. 2004). In Austria, reproducing populations have been observed near the eastern bank of the Neusiedler See Lake (Kaltenbach 1970; Bieringer & Rotter 2001) but the most recent reliable record from Austria is from Illmitz in the late 1960s (Berg & Zuna-Kratky 1997; Berg et al. 2005; Zuna-Kratky et al. 2009; Zuna-Kratky pers. comm.). Recently, as well as historically, the species has not been found in the Záhorie region in southwestern Slovakia (Gavlas 2002; Krištín pers. comm.). Because recent Slovak localities situated south of Nové Zámky (Krištín et al. 2004) are about 130 km distant from suitable sandy habitats on the Czech side of the border, natural colonisation of the CR from the Slovak localities is unlikely.

Perhaps, in 2008 or before, however, at least one female of A. ungarica was intentionally introduced (by an unknown person) into a locality with suitable habitat in southeastern Moravia. Subsequently, small populations of dozen of individuals were found at the same locality near Bzenec in 2010 and 2012. The occurrence is not considered in the Checklist because a genetic analysis (two fragments of COI) confirmed that the grasshoppers originated from southern Europe (unpublished) and belonged to the meridional subspecies A. ungarica mediterranea Dirsh, 1949 . The population seems to be fixed at the site without evidence of spread. The site is situated in a relatively small, deforested, sandy, desert-like area (it was formerly a military training ground) isolated in a dense pine woods (as noted earlier in this report).

It is very probable that no population of this species has occurred in the area of the CR for at least the last 135 years because thermophilic habitats in southern Moravia have been studied intensively during the entire 20th century (e.g., Rozkošný & Vaňhara1995, 1996a, 1996b, 1998, 1999; Laštùvka 1994).

Species Occurrence in the Czech Republic ENSIFERA

TETTTIGONIIDAE

PHANEROPTERINAE

Phaneroptera falcata (Poda, 1761) B, M Phaneroptera nana Fieber, 1853 B, M * Leptophyes albovittata (Kollar, 1833) B, M Leptophyes boscii Fieber, 1853 B * Leptophyes punctatissima (Bosc, 1792) B, M * Barbitistes constrictus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 B, M Barbitistes serricauda (Fabricius, 1798) 'B, M* Isophya kraussi Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 B, M Isophya pienensis Mařan, 1954 B, M * Poecilimon intermedius (Fieber, 1853) M* Polysarcus denticauda (Charpentier, 1825) B, M*

MECONEMATINAE

Meconema thalassinum ( De Geer, 1773) B, M Meconema meridionale A. Costa 1860 B, M*

CONOCEPHALINAE

Conocephalus fuscus (Fabricius, 1793) B, M

syn. Conocephalus discolor Thunberg, 1815

Conocephalus dorsalis (Latreille, 1804) B, M

...... continued on the next page Species Occurrence in the Czech Republic

Ruspolia nitidula (Scopoli, 1786) M* syn. Homorocoryphus nitidulus (Scopoli, 1786)

TETTIGONIINAE

Tettigonia cantans (Füssli, 1775) B, M

Tettigonia caudata (Charpentier, 1842) B, M

Tettigonia viridissima Linnaeus, 1758 B, M

Decticus verrucivorus (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M

Gampsocleis glabra (Herbst, 1786) †M *

Platycleis albopunctata (Goeze, 1778) B, M

Platycleis montana (Kollar, 1833) M *

Platycleis veyseli Kocak, 1984 M* syn. Platycleis vittata (Charpentier, 1825)

Metrioptera bicolor (Philippi, 1830) B, M

Metrioptera brachyptera (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M

Metrioptera roeselii (Hagenbach, 1822) B, M

Pholidoptera aptera (Fabricius, 1793) B, M *

Pholidoptera fallax (Fischer, 1853) 'M *

Pholidoptera griseoaptera ( De Geer, 1773) B, M SAGINAE

Saga pedo (Pallas, 1771) M BRADYPORINAE

Ephippiger ephippiger (Serville, 1831) M RHAPHIDOPHORIDAE

AEMODOGRYLLINAE

Diestrammena asynamora (Adelung, 1902) s. B, M syn. Tachycines asynamorus Adelung, 1902

TROGLOPHILINAE

Troglophilus neglectus (Krauss, 1879) B, M * GRYLLOTALPIDAE

Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M MYRMECOPHILIDAE

Myrmecophilus acervorum (Panzer, 1799) B, M GRYLLIDAE

NEMOBIINAE

Nemobius sylvestris (Bosc, 1792) B, M

Pteronemobius heydenii (Fischer, 1853) M * GRYLLINAE

Gryllus campestris Linnaeus, 1758 B, M

Acheta domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) s. B, M

Eumodicogryllus bordigalensis (Latreille, 1804) M * syn. Tartarogryllus burdigalensis (Latreille, 1804)

Modicogryllus frontalis (Fieber, 1844) 'B, M *

...... continued on the next page Species Occurrence in the Czech Republic OECANTHINAE

Oecanthus pellucens (Scopoli, 1763) B, M

CAELIFERA

TRIDACTYLIDAE

TRIDACTYLINAE

Xya pfaendleri (Harz, 1970) 'M * syn. Tridactylus pfaendleri Harz, 1970

Xya variegata Latreille, 1809 M syn. Tridactylus variegatus (Latreille, 1809)

TETRIGIDAE

Tetrix bipunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M syn. Tetrix kraussi Saulcy, 1888

Tetrix bolivari Saulcy, 1901 M*

Tetrix ceperoi (Bolivar, 1887) 'B, M *

Tetrix subulata (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M

Tetrix tenuicornis Sahlberg, 1893 B, M syn. Tetrix nutans Hagenbach, 1822

Tetrix tuerki (Krauss, 1876) 'B, M *

Tetrix undulata (Sowerby, 1806) B, M syn. Tetrix vittata Zetterstedt, 1821

ACRIDIDAE

CALLIPTAMINAE

Calliptamus italicus (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M MELANOPLINAE

Podisma pedestris (Linnaeus, 1758) 'M *

Pseudopodisma nagyi Galvagni & Fontana, 1996 M * syn. Pseudopodisma fieberi Scudder, 1897

Miramella alpina (Kollar, 1833) B, M OEDIPODINAE

Psophus stridulus (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M

Locusta migratoria Linnaeus, 1758 †B, †M *

Oedaleus decorus (Germar, 1826) †M *

Celes variabilis (Pallas, 1771) †M *

Oedipoda caerulescens (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M

Oedipoda germanica (Latreille, 1804) B

Sphingonotus caerulans (Linnaeus, 1767) B, M

Aiolopus thalassinus (Fabricius, 1781) ?B, M * ACRIDINAE

Mecostethus parapleurus (Hagenbach, 1822) ?B, M * syn. Parapleurus alliaceus Germar, 1825

Stethophyma grossum (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M syn. Mecostethus grossus (Linnaeus, 1785)

...... continued on the next page Species Occurrence in the Czech Republic GOMPHOCERINAE

Acryptera fusca (Pallas, 1773) †M *

Acryptera microptera (Fischer de Waldheim, 1833) †M *

Chrysochraon dispar (Germar, 1834) B, M

Euthystira brachyptera (Ocskay, 1826) B, M syn. Chrysochraon brachypterus (Ocskay, 1826)

Dociostaurus brevicollis (Eversmann, 1848) M *

Omocestus haemorrhoidalis (Charpentier, 1825) B, M

Omocestus petraeus (Brisout de Barneville, 1856) M *

Omocestus rufipes (Zetterstedt, 1821) 'B, M * syn. Omocestus ventralis Zetterstedt, 1821

Omocestus viridulus (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M

Stenobothrus crassipes (Charpentier, 1825) B, M

Stenobothrus eurasius Mařan, 1958 B *

Stenobothrus lineatus (Panzer, 1796) B, M

Stenobothrus nigromaculatus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1840) B, M

Stenobothrus rubicundulus Kruseman & Jeekel, 1967 †M * syn. Stenobothrus rubicundus Germar, 1817

Stenobothrus stigmaticus (Rambur, 1838) B, M

Gomphocerippus rufus (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M syn. Gomphocerus rufus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Myrmeleotettix maculatus (Thunberg, 1815) B, M

Chorthippus apricarius (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M

Chorthippus biguttulus (Linnaeus, 1758) B, M

Chorthippus brunneus (Thunberg, 1815) B, M

Chorthippus mollis (Charpentier, 1825) B, M

Chorthippus pullus (Phillipi, 1830) B, M

Chorthippus vagans (Eversmann, 1848) B, M

Chorthippus albomarginatus ( De Geer, 1773) B, M

Chorthippus dichrous (Eversmann, 1859) 'M*

Chorthippus dorsatus (Zetterstedt, 1821) B, M

Chorthippus montanus (Charpentier, 1825) B, M

Chorthippus parallelus (Zetterstedt, 1821) B, M syn. Chorthippus longicornis Lattreille, 1804

Euchorthippus declivus (Brisout de Barneville, 1849) M

Euchorthippus pulvinatus (Fischer de Waldheim, 1846) B, M

Abbreviations: B—Bohemia; M—Moravia, including historical Silesia (Kment 2009); syn.—synonym, invalid name; †—regionally extinct species; '—regionally missing species;?—regionally unclear species; intr.—introduced (imported) species; s.—synanthropic species (Kočárek 2006); *—the species is discussed in the Comments section.