Alainites neeru, Sohil & Srinivasan & Sivaruban & Barathy & Gattolliat & Sharma, 2023

Sohil, Asha, Srinivasan, Pandiarajan, Sivaruban, T., Barathy, S., Gattolliat, Jean-Luc & Sharma, Neeraj, 2023, First record of the genus Alainites Waltz & McCafferty, 1994 (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from India with the description of a new species from the North-western Himalayas, European Journal of Taxonomy 910, pp. 161-174 : 163-170

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2023.910.2367
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A835C5F7-B24E-4E73-B28E-B06597248464
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10381473
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EEF55E8C-1879-442B-B751-F8F51A03E1CF
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:EEF55E8C-1879-442B-B751-F8F51A03E1CF
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Alainites neeru
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Alainites neeru sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EEF55E8C-1879-442B-B751-F8F51A03E1CF

Figs 1–36 View Figs 1–5 View Figs 7–13 View Figs 14–18 View Figs 19–21 View Figs 22–26 View Figs 27–30 View Figs 31–36

Diagnosis

Larval diagnostic characters of Alainites neeru sp. nov. are as follows: (1) ventral surface of labrum with eight to ten small, pointed setae, increasing in size towards apex (Fig. 6); (2) right mandible with about four medium stout, pointed spine-like setae between prostheca and mola ( Figs 12–13 View Figs 7–13 ); (3) margin between prostheca and mola of left mandible slightly crenelate near the mola ( Fig. 10 View Figs 7–13 ); (4) labial palp segment III conical, apically slightly pointed ( Fig. 16 View Figs 14–18 ); (5) outer margin of fore tibia with a row of seven to nine stout, spine-like setae only on the distal half ( Fig. 23 View Figs 22–26 ); (6) hindwing pads well-developed ( Fig. 28 View Figs 27–30 ); (7) tergalii present on abdominal segments I–VII, with poorly visible tracheation ( Fig. 32 View Figs 31–36 ) and (8) distal margin of paraproct between prolongation and cercotractor with about 6–8 long, triangular spines ( Fig. 36 View Figs 31–36 ).

Etymology

The species is named after the type locality Neeru stream, Jammu and Kashmir.

Material examined

Holotype

INDIA • ♀, larva; Jammu and Kashmir, Doda District, Bhaderwah Town, Neeru Stream ; 33°01.17′ N, 75°39.46′ E; 1400 m a.s.l.; 10 Oct. 2020; Asha Sohil leg.; AMC ( AMC/ZN/271 ). GoogleMaps

Paratypes

INDIA • 3 larvae; same collection data as for holotype; AMC ( AMC/ZN/272 ) GoogleMaps .

Description

Larva

MEASUREMENTS. Body length 4.1–4.3 mm; paracercus length 1.2–1.4 mm; cerci length 1.6–1.7 mm.

COLOURATION. General colouration reddish brown in mature larva and light brown in immature larva ( Figs 1–2 View Figs 1–5 ). Head dark brown. Prothorax and mesothorax dark brown laterally, and pale medially. Legs pale with brownish stripe at distal ⅔ area of femora. Abdominal terga unicolor and light brown ( Fig. 2 View Figs 1–5 ). Abdominal sterna light brown. Cerci and paracercus light brown ( Fig. 2 View Figs 1–5 ).

HEAD. Antennae close to each other ( Fig. 3 View Figs 1–5 ). Labrum ( Fig. 4 View Figs 1–5 ): dorsal surface with submarginal arc consisting of central seta, and two lateral setae ( Fig. 5 View Figs 1–5 ). Ventral surface with eight to ten small, pointed setae, increasing in size towards apex, close to lateral margin (Fig. 6); distal margin fringed with two types of setae: laterally with nine to ten long, feathered setae, and medially with twenty to twenty-two shorter, slightly feathered setae. Hypopharynx: lingua rounded, and superlinguae subapically with numerous hair-like setae. Left mandible ( Fig. 7 View Figs 7–13 ): incisor with seven denticles; prostheca with eight small pointed denticles apically ( Fig. 9 View Figs 7–13 ); margin between prostheca and mola, slightly crenelated near the mola ( Fig. 10 View Figs 7–13 ); fine setae present on apex of mola. Right mandible ( Fig. 8 View Figs 7–13 ): incisor with eight denticles ( Fig. 11 View Figs 7–13 ); prostheca bifid and feathered, outer filament half the length of inner filament; margin between prostheca and mola with about four medium stout, pointed, spine-like setae, near prostheca ( Figs 12–13 View Figs 7–13 ); tuft of setae at apex of mola present. Maxilla ( Fig. 17 View Figs 14–18 ): galea-lacinia with three broad teeth and tooth-like dentiseta along with two long, slender, dentisetae ( Fig. 18 View Figs 14–18 ); two, thin setae at base of teeth, row of five long, simple setae at base of lacinia; maxillary palpus two-segmented; segments I and II subequal in length; segment II apically rounded with fine, small, hair-like setae. Labium ( Fig. 14 View Figs 14–18 ): glossa slightly shorter than paraglossa; inner margin of glossae with row of 9–10 setae; paraglossae falcate, dorsally with three long, simple setae near inner margin and three oblique rows of simple setae along apical margin ( Fig. 15 View Figs 14–18 ); labial palpus three-segmented, segment I shorter than segments II and III combined; segment I covered with fine, simple setae; segment II with dorsal oblique row of three long, pointed setae; segment III conical and apex slightly pointed with small to medium, simple setae ( Fig. 16 View Figs 14–18 ).

THORAX. Hindwing pads well developed ( Fig. 28 View Figs 27–30 ).

FORELEG. Femur ( Fig. 19 View Figs 19–21 ): outer margin with a row of twelve to fourteen long, robust setae and with fine, simple setae; inner margin with numerous small, pointed setae; femoral villopore absent. Tibia ( Fig. 22 View Figs 22–26 ): outer margin with row of seven to nine stout, spine-like setae on distal half ( Fig. 23 View Figs 22–26 ); inner margin with three irregular rows of small, pointed setae ( Fig. 24 View Figs 22–26 ); dorsal surface with numerous scale bases, with few short, stout, spine-like setae along tibia-patellar suture. Tarsi, outer margin with few thin setae; inner margin with row of 10 small, pointed setae, increasing in size towards apex; dorsal surface with numerous scale bases. Claws ( Fig. 27 View Figs 27–30 ) with a row of 8–9 denticles, increasing in size towards apex; subapical setae absent.

MIDDLE LEG AND HIND LEG. Similar to foreleg ( Figs 20–21 View Figs 19–21 , 25–26 View Figs 22–26 ); except inner margin of hind femur lacks small, pointed setae ( Fig. 21 View Figs 19–21 ); outer margin of middle and hind tibia with row of ca 10 stout spine-like setae ( Figs 25–26 View Figs 22–26 ).

ABDOMEN. Tergites with numerous scale bases ( Fig. 29 View Figs 27–30 ), posterior margin of tergites II–X with triangular spines mainly in middle area ( Fig. 33 View Figs 31–36 ), and absent laterally ( Fig. 30 View Figs 27–30 ). Tergalii (= abdominal gills) present on segments I to VII with poorly visible tracheation; tergalius I elongated and ⅓ length of tergalius IV ( Fig. 31 View Figs 31–36 ); tergalii II to VII elliptical with dark brownish band surrounding margins; margins serrated along with long, fine setae ( Fig. 32 View Figs 31–36 ). Paraproct ( Figs 34–35 View Figs 31–36 ) with numerous scale bases and micropores on dorsal surface; well-developed prolongation on distal margin ( Fig. 35 View Figs 31–36 ); distal margin between prolongation and cercotractor with about 6–8 long, triangular spines ( Fig. 36 View Figs 31–36 ); distal margin outside of prolongation with about 40 small, triangular spines; cercotractor with numerous scale bases, distal margin with about 20 spines.