Canarium obovatum Daly, Raharim. & Federman, 2015

Daly, Douglas C., Raharimampionona, Jeannie & Federman, Sarah, 2015, A revision of Canarium L. (Burseraceae) in Madagascar, Adansonia 37 (2), pp. 277-345 : 326-328

Canarium obovatum Daly, Raharim. & Federman , sp. nov.

( Figs 1; 23 F-G)

Small trees, stipules 5-8 mm long, ovate, stipular scars 1-1.6 mm long, leaflets coriaceous, pistillate inflorescences 13-19 cm long, the axes with dense to sparse flexuous hairs to 0.5 mm long; distinguished from C. lamianum Daly, Raharim. & Federman , sp. nov. by the leaves 1-2-jugate (vs (2)3-4 jugate in C. lamianum , sp. nov.) on fertile branchlets, petiole usually longer (5.6-19.5 vs 2.5-6.5 cm), lateral petiolules longer (10-27 vs 4-12 mm), terminal petiolules longer (10-27 vs 4-12 mm), leaflets usually (oblong-)obovate (vs at least some leaflets shaped otherwise), the apex narrowly (not broadly) short-acuminate, intercostal tertiary venation mixed opposite-alternate percurrent (vs irregular-reticulate), pistillate calyx 5.6-6 vs 6.8-8 mm long.

TYPUS. — Madagascar. [Toamasina,] Est (Nord): Environs Ouest d’Andasibe (à l’Ouest d’Andapa ), sur la piste de Bealanana, 24.IV.1967, R. Capuron (Service Forestier) 27803 (holo-, NY!; iso-, P!) .

PARATYPUS. — Toamasina, Ambodirina, Réserve Naturelle Intégrale Betampona , 325-375, 17°55’53”S, 49°12’12”E, 02.II.2006, D.C. Daly, R. Ranaivojaona & R.B. Iambana 13064 ( MO, NY, P[P04799624]) .

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — Canarium obovatum , sp. nov. is known from only two localities, south of Andapa and in Betampona National Park, in moist forests on steep slopes at 325-375 m elevation. Flowering Apr.

ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the predominant leaflet shape.

DESCRIPTION

Trees, reproductive size 10- 15 m. Outer bark gray, sparsely cracked, sparsely lenticellate. Leaves 25-34 cm long, 1-2-jugate (to 4-jugate on sterile branchlets); petiole 5.6-19.5 cm long, petiole and rachis with dense erect (some flexuous) golden hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long also with scattered raised ferrugineous lenticels; stipules 5-10 mm from petiole insertion, 5-8 mm long, ovate, constricted at base and often appearing stipitate, with erect to ascending golden hairs to 0.2 mm long, the scar 1-1.5 mm long; basal petiolules 10-25 mm long, other laterals 10-27 mm long, terminal one 23-50 mm long (to 60 mm on sterile branchlets), petiolules not canaliculate, pulvinuli relatively inconspicuous; basal leaflets 6-9.5 × 4-8 cm, broadly (ob)ovate to subrotund, other laterals 9-13 × 3.8-8.4 cm, (broadly) obovate to oblong-obovate to oblong, terminal leaflet 12-16.5 × 3.9-10.6 cm, (broadly) obovate; leaflet apex abruptly and narrowly short-acuminate, the acumen 2-12 mm long, apex tip acute, glandular-apiculate; leaflet base symmetric, acute or less often obtuse; margin flat; leaflets coriaceous, drying brown sometimes glossy on abaxial side; secondary vein framework brochidodromous but looping at margin, secondaries in 7-12 pairs, spreading to arcuate, not discolorous, spacing abruptly decreasing at base, angle slightly acute to perpendicular and decreasing toward apex and usually toward the base; intercostal tertiaries opposite- or alternate-percurrent, some perpendicular intersecondaries and epimedial tertiaries present, quaternaries irregular-reticulate; on abaxial side all veins narrowly prominent except midvein broader, the midvein with sparse spiky golden hairs to 0.5 mm long, rest of veins and surface with such hairs to 0.2 mm long; on adaxial side the midvein narrowly prominulous but usually sunk in a groove, secondaries narrowly prominulous and sometimes sunk, rest flat to narrowly prominulous, with scattered flexuous golden hairs to 0.3 mm long on midvein and base of secondaries (to 0.5 mm on sterile specimen). Pistillate inflorescences 13-19 cm long, secondary axes to 7 cm long, axes with dense flexuous hairs to 0.5 mm long; bracts on primary and secondary axes to 8 mm long, rotund and slightly acuminate, semi-clasping, persistent in young fruit, bracteoles 4.7-5 mm long, much shorter than buds, ovate, constricted at base, persistent in young fruit, on all bracts the abaxial side with ascending flexuous golden hairs to 0.2 mm long, adaxially with erect to ascending flexuous golden hairs to 0.25 mm long; pedicel 5-10 mm long, clavate. Pistillate flowers c. 9 mm long at anthesis; calyx 5.6-6 mm × 7.1-8.3 mm overall, campanulate, the lobes 2.7-3.1 mm long, rounded depressed-deltate, abaxial surface with pubescence as on inflorescence axes but shorter, to 0.3 mm long, adaxial surface with dense appressed hairs to 0.6 mm long; corolla spreading at anthesis, exposed portion only 3 mm beyond calyx, abaxial surface with dense, flexuous or ascending, pale golden hairs to 0.5 mm long. Immature fruits oblong (some slightly obovoid), with dense golden hairs to 0.6 mm long, descending near base of fruit, ascending near apex.

NOTES

Like C. pulchrebracteatum , C. obovatum , sp. nov. has stipules 5-8 mm long, terminal leaflets obovate (to elliptic or rarely ovate in C. obovatum , sp. nov.), a comparable number of secondary veins (collectively 5-12) and fine, stiff hairs on the abaxial midvein (to 0.5 mm long in C. obovatum , sp. nov., to 0.25 mm long in C. pulchrebracteatum ). Canarium obovatum , sp. nov. is distinguished by the stipular scar shorter (1-1.5 vs (1) 2-3.5 mm), fewer leaflet pairs (1-2 vs (1) 3-4), longer lateral petiolules (10-27 vs 4-17 mm), the basal petiolules longer (10-25 vs 4-11), all leaflets usually obovate (vs at least some leaflets shaped otherwise), and the fruit densely pubescent (vs glabrous).

Like C. lamianum , sp. nov., C. obovatum , sp. nov. has small stipules 0.3-0.8 mm long and ovate (to orbicular in C. lamianum , sp. nov.) with constricted base, short stipular scars 1-1.6 mm long, coriaceous leaflets of similar size, inflorescences of comparable length (up to 19 cm), the axes with dense to sparse flexuous hairs (but up to 0.5 mm long in C. obovatum , sp. nov. and to 0.25 mm long in C. lamianum , sp. nov.). Canarium obovatum , sp. nov. is distinguished by having fewer leaflet pairs (1-2 vs (2)3-4), the petiole usually longer (5.6-19.5 vs 2.5-6.5 mm), the lateral petiolules longer (10-27 vs 4-12 mm long), terminal petiolules longer (10-27 vs 4-12 mm), leaflets usually (oblong-)obovate (vs at least some leaflets shaped otherwise), the apex narrowly (not broadly) short-acuminate, the intercostal tertiary venation mixed opposite-alternate percurrent (vs irregular-reticulate), the midvein abaxially with sparse spiky golden hairs to 0.5 mm long (vs scattered appressed hairs and occasionally scattered bristles to 0.05 mm), and pistillate calyx 5.6-6 vs 6.8-8 mm long.

Figures

FIG. 23. — A-E, Canarium multinervis Daly, Raharim. & Federman, sp. nov.: A, portion of leaf with detail of leaflet (A’); B, portion of branchlet with inflorescence; C, staminate flower, longisection (left); D, lateral view of petal; E, stamens and ovariodisk, and adaxial view of stamen (right); F-G, Canarium obovatum Daly, Raharim. & Federman,sp. nov.: F, branchlet with detail of apex and stipules (F’); G, flowering branchlet with detail of stipule (G’). A, C-E, Service Forestier 16941 (NY); B, Bernard et al. 1370 (NY); F, Daly et al. 13064 (NY); G, Capuron (SF) 27803 (NY). Scale bars: A, B, F, G, 2 cm; C, 2 mm; D, E, 1 mm; A’, F’, G’, not to scale.