Capoeta aydinensis, Turan & Küçük & Kaya & Güçlü & Bektaş, 2017

Turan, Davut, Küçük, Fahrettin, Kaya, Cüneyt, Güçlü, Salim Serkan & Bektaş, Yusuf, 2017, Capoeta aydinensis, a new species of scraper from southwestern Anatolia, Turkey (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), Turkish Journal of Zoology 41 (3), pp. 436-442 : 437-438

Key to the species of Capoeta of the Central Anatolia, Mediterranean, Aegean, and Marmara Sea basins

1.a Two pairs of barbels…………......................................2

1.b One pair of barbels.………..............................……….3

2.a Lateral line with 51–57 scales…….....… C. antalyensis

2.b Lateral line with 69–80 scales……....……….. C. tinca

3.a Numerous irregularly shaped black spots on body…...4

3.b No black spots on body in fishes larger than 150 mm SL……...........................................................……….…8

4.a 25–30 gill rakers on outer side of first gill arch……....5

4.b 16–18 gill rakers on outer side of first gill arch......…7

5.a Body depth at dorsal-fin origin 25%–30% SL.…...….6

5.b Body depth at dorsal-fin origin 22%–25% SL..…...… ...…............................................................…... C. barroisi

6.a Lateral line with 64–70 scales.……….....…... C. turani

6.b Lateral line with 69–77 scales.……...…....…. C. erhani

7.a Postorbital distance 1.4–1.6 times snout length…… ...….............................................................…. C. mauricii

7.b Postorbital distance 1.3–1.4 times snout length.…… ……..................................................................... C. pestai

8.a Serrae along the posterior margin of the last unbranched dorsal-fin ray absent….….…. C. caelestis

8.b Serrae along the posterior margin of the last unbranched dorsal-fin ray present…….……………9

9.a Dorsal fin with 9½ branched rays…..….. C. damascina

9.b Dorsal fin with 8½ branched rays.…….....................10

10.a 21–27 serrae along the posterior margin of last unbranched dorsal-fin ray; mouth width 25%–33% HL…………........................................…… C. bergamae

10.b 14–20 serrae along the posterior margin of last unbranched dorsal-fin ray; mouth width 32%–39% HL………….....................……... C. aydinensis sp. nov.

Holotype. FFR 01926 , 171 mm SL; Turkey: Aydın Province: Çine Stream, Büyük Menderes drainage, 37°25′N, 28°08′E; D. Turan, C. Kaya & E. Bayçelebi, 25 August 2014.

Paratypes. FFR 01897 , 21 , 106– 234 mm SL; same data as holotype . FFR 00742 , 22 , 80–210 mm SL; Turkey: Aydın Province, Karacasu District: Dandalas Stream, Büyük Menderes River drainage, 37°43′N, 28°38′E; D. Turan; 06 April 2005 . FFR 01924 , 5 , 127–162 , Turkey: Muğla Province, Dalaman District: Tersakan Stream , 36°43′N, 28°48′E; S.S. Güçlü & Z. Güçlü; 9 October 2010 . FFR 01423 , 6 , 140–160 , Turkey: Muğla Province, Köyceğiz District: Namnam Stream , 36°56′N, 28°36′E; S.S. Güçlü & Z. Güçlü; 9 October 2010 . IUSHM 2016-1170 , 15 , 38– 60 , Turkey: Muğla Province, Dalaman District: Dalaman River , 36°48′N, 28°47′E; M. Özuluğ; 03 November 2007 .

Diagnosis. Capoeta aydinensis is distinguished from the other species of the genus in the Mediterranean Basin and in Central Anatolia by a combination of characters, none of them unique. Capoeta aydinensis is closely related to and occurs geographically adjacent to C. bergamae , which is found from the Gediz River north to the rivers of the Biga Peninsula. Capoeta aydinensis is distinguished from C. bergamae by having fewer serrae along the posterior margin of the last simple dorsal-fin ray (14–20 vs. 21–26;

Figure 1 ), a wider mouth (mouth width 32%–39% HL, mean 34% vs. 25%–33%, mean 30%), and a concave outer margin of the dorsal fin (vs. straight). Capoeta aydinensis is distinguished from C. caelestis from the Göksu River by the presence of serrae along the posterior margin of the last unbranched dorsal-fin ray (vs. absence) and a shorter head (HL 22%–25% SL, mean 24% vs. 24%–27%, mean 25%). Capoeta aydinensis is further distinguished from C. caelestis and C. bergamae by the shape of the head and mouth. In C. aydinensis , the dorsal profile of the head is strongly convex (vs. slightly convex), the mouth is slightly arched (vs. moderately arched in C. bergamae ), the mouth of the female is more arched than that of the male in C. caelestis ( Figure 2 ), and the lower jaw is straight or slightly convex (vs. convex in C. bergamae ; slightly convex in male, markedly convex in female of C. caelestis ). See Section 4 to distinguish C. aydinensis from the other species of the genus found in the Marmara and Mediterranean basins, as well as in Central Anatolia.

Description. See Figure 3 for the general appearance of body and Tables 1 and 2 for morphometric and meristic data. Body moderately deep and slightly compressed laterally, upper profile markedly convex in predorsal area, with a well-developed keel in front of the dorsal-fin origin. Ventral profile straight or slightly convex. Head short, its length smaller than body depth, upper profile conspicuously convex. Mouth moderately wide, slightly arched. Free margin of lower jaw slightly arched, with a well-developed keratinized edge in both sexes ( Figure 2 a- d). Lower lip poorly developed and slightly distinct only at corner of mouth. Maxillary barbel present, its length smaller than eye diameter.

Total lateral line with 58 (1), 59 (2), 60 (3), 61 (6), 62 (4), 63 (2), 64 (4), 65 (1), 66 (2), 67 (2), 68 (1), 69 (1), and 71 (1) scales; 11 (17) and 12 (13) scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line; 7 (5), 8 (14), and 9 (11) scale rows between anal-fin origin and lateral line. Dorsal fin with 4 simple and 8½ branched rays, outer margin concave, origin in front of vertical through pelvic-fin origin; last simple dorsal-fin ray weakly ossified, flexible, and serrated along 60%–70% of its length. Pectoral fin with 17–19 rays. Pelvic fin with 9–10 rays. Anal fin with 3 simple and 5½ branched rays, outer margin convex anteriorly, straight or slightly concave posteriorly. Caudal fin long and deeply forked, lobes pointed. Gill rakers 6–7 + 12–17 = 18–24 on outer side of first gill arch. Pharyngeal teeth arranged in 3 rows 4.3.2–2.3.4.

Sexual dimorphism. There are tubercles on head, anal-fin rays, and flank scales in male, absent in female. Anal fin of male is shorter than that of female.

Coloration. Body color brownish in life. Formalinpreserved specimens: dark brown on back and upper part of flank, light brownish or yellowish on lower flank and belly. There are 3–5 small rows of minute black spots on posterior margin of flank scales. Dorsal and caudal fins grayish; pectoral, anal, and pelvic fins yellowish. Dorsal- and caudal-fin rays and membranes with small black spots.

Habitat and biology. Capoeta aydinensis is presently known from the Büyük Menderes River drainages as well as from the streams Dalaman, Namnam, and Tersakan (Figure 4). It was found in clear and moderately flowing water, with a stone and pebble substrate.

Etymology. The name of the species is derived from the name of the city and eponymous province of Aydın, where we first observed it. An adjective.

Figures

Figure 1. Last simple dorsal-fin rays of: Capoeta aydinensis, paratype, FFR 01897, 120 mm SL (a), 130 mm SL (b), Büyük Menderes River; C. bergamae, FFR 00741, 132 mm SL (c), 125 mm SL (d), Gediz River; C. damascina, FFR 00731, 150 mm SL (e), 120 mm SL (f), Orontes River.

Figure 2. Ventral view of head: Capoeta aydinensis, paratype, FFR 01897, 178 mm SL, male (a); 160 mm SL, male (b), 149 mm SL, female (c), 136 mm SL, female (d), Büyük Menderes River; Capoeta bergamae, FFR 00741, 117 mm SL, male (e), 120 mm SL, male (f), 158 mm SL, female (g), 145 mm SL, female (h), Gediz River; Capoeta caelestis, FFR 01922, 132 mm SL, male (i), 134 mm SL, male (j), 147 mm SL, female (k), 151 mm SL, female (l), Göksu River.

Figure 3. Capoeta aydinensis, holotype, FFR 01926, 171 mm SL, female (a); FFR 01897, 158 mm SL, female (b), 133 mm SL, male (c), Büyük Menderes River.