Lasiopogon zonatus Cole & Wilcox

Mcknight, Tristan A. & Cannings, Robert A., 2020, Molecular phylogeny of the genus Lasiopogon (Diptera: Asilidae) and a taxonomic revision of the bivittatus section, Zootaxa 4835 (1), pp. 1-115 : 85-87

Lasiopogon zonatus Cole & Wilcox

Lasiopogon zonatus Cole & Wilcox, 1938: 80 .

Diagnosis. ( Fig. 34 ) A small brown species from California, Oregon, and Idaho; mystax black; thoracic tomentum brown to grey with dark dorsocentral stripes; thoracic setae mostly black, macrosetae often hairlike; tergite tomentum in clear bands of basal brown and apical grey. Epandrium with straight medial margins; phallus paramere sheath dorsal carina coming to a slender apical finger parallel to aedeagal tube. Ovipositor dark brown over basal 80% of tergite 8, otherwise pale brown.

Redescription. Body length ♂ 7.4–10.5mm; ♀ 7.8–9.3mm. Head. HW ♂ 1.74–2.10mm; ♀ 1.87–2.16mm. FW ♂ 0.35–0.48mm; ♀ 0.37–0.48mm. VW ♂ 0.76–0.99mm; ♀ 0.77–1.01mm. VW/HW = ♂ 0.43–0.47; ♀ 0.41– 0.47. FW/VW = ♂ 0.46–0.51; ♀ 0.47–0.48. VD/VW = ♂ 0.09–0.14; ♀ 0.10–0.14. GH/GL = ♂ 0.33–0.51; ♀ 0.35–0.50. Face and vertex with golden brown to silvery grey tomentum, lighter around mystax perimeter; small shining black triangle directly behind antennae. Mystax, frontal and occipital setae black; beard and labial setae white. Occipital macrosetae fine, moderately long (to 0.7mm) and curved, those behind the dorsomedial angle of the eye most curved; lateral and ventral macrosetae shorter, straighter. Frontal setae fine, longer than scape + pedicel; orbital setae longer, slanted over the edge of the eye. Antennae. Black; scape with some to many white setae; pedicel with all black setae; no setae on postpedicel. Postpedicel long, widest at midpoint; stylus moderately long and tapered. WPP/LPP = ♂ 0.24–0.26; ♀ 0.24–0.32. LAS/LPP ♂ 0.52–0.82; ♀ 0.54–0.64. Thorax. Prothorax grey/brown, setae white; postpronotal lobes whitish grey, lateral angle ferruginous, setae white, sometimes a few black. Scutum tomentum steel-grey to brown; dorsocentral stripes dark brown; acrostichal stripes indistinct. All setae on scutum black; anterior dorsocentral macrosetae 4–6 (to 0.8mm), relatively fine and mixed with finer setae; posteriors 3–5; postalars 2–4, with 2–4 shorter setae; supra-alars 2–4; presuturals 2–4; posthumerals 0–2. Scutellar tomentum grey, from silvery to brownish; two semi-circular wrinkles on disc inside dorsal edge; apical macrosetae long, black, abundant (usually 12+ on each side) and mixed with many other long setae. Pleural tomentum brown/grey. Katatergite macrosetae black, 6–9 with a few shorter white setae; katepisternal setae sparse, moderately long, white; anepisternal setae black, 5–8 moderately strong (to 0.6mm) and with several short black setae on dorsal margin of sclerite; anepimeron with 0–2 short fine setae. Legs. Base color brown/black; tomentum uniform faint grey/brown over all but trochanter and base of femur, which are shining brown. No coxal peg. Macrosetae on legs black, finer setae mostly black, except white setae on coxae and usually along base of femur (variable: white setae cover all to none of the femur base but usually about half, more prevalent in female). Ventral setae on femur longer than femur width; dorsolateral macrosetae weak, on profemur 5–6 inconspicuous among abundant and dense surrounding fine setae; macrosetae relatively longer on mesofemur (3–5) and metafemur (8–12). Protibia with ventral macrosetae 3–4 times longer than tibial width; dense apicoventral patch of short setae on protibia pale yellow, on metatibia brown. Claws reddish brown basally, apically black. Wings. Veins brown; membrane transparent, faintly brown, tint stronger when viewed obliquely. DCI = 0.28–0.40. Halter pale yellow; stem dark brown. Abdomen. Male and female. Cuticle dark brown/black; tergites (except tergite 1) with dense brown tomentum basally, grey tomentum in straight band covering apical 25% of each tergite and extending broadly along lateral edges; tergite 1 with light grey tomentum covering all but narrow anterior dorsal edge. All tergites with white lateral setae as long as scape + pedicel, in male abundant and erect; in female shorter and sparser on tergites 5–7; first tergite with 6–11 lateral macrosetae, mostly black (2–7); dorsal setulae black. Sternite tomentum grey, setae long, white. Male genitalia. Epandrium and hypandrium/gonocoxite complex cuticle dark brown/chestnut, covered in thin grey tomentum except polished along inside dorsal margin of epandrium and medially on gonocoxite; terminalia covered in white setae, setal brush dark brown. Epandrium elongate, in lateral view the width about 40% the length, widest basally, with dorsal and ventral margins straight for basal half, then curving ventrally to rounded apex. In dorsal view, medial margins of epandrium straight and parallel; basal sclerite strong. Phallus paramere sheath dorsally about 50% the length of phallus; paramere sheath without ventral ornamentation; dorsal carina coming to a slender apical finger parallel to aedeagal tube. Ejaculatory apodeme in lateral view moderately bent dorsally in basal third, gently recurved at apex, with moderately narrow dorsal carina. Subepandrial sclerite with triangular central unsclerotized area in basal 65%; spines sparsely distributed, parallel-sided and blunt only over apical 20%, sharply tapered elsewhere.

Female genitalia. Undissected: Setae white, abundant, erect. Tergite 8 dark brown/black, narrowly yellow at apex. Sternite 8 light brown, paler medially and apically, with abundant long, fine setae; lateral lobe setae weak. Hypogynial valves pale yellow with abundant fine setae. Cerci brown/black with pale setae; acanthophorite spines black.

Variation. There is considerable variation in setation and tergite color across the range, but we find no significant differences in genitalia morphology. Specimens from the Oregon / Idaho border differ by having faint grey tomentum over most of the body and indistinct thoracic stripes, while specimens from the southeastern Sierra Nevada in Mono Co., California differ by having much denser and darker setae.

Type Material. HOLOTYPE (photos examined) ♂ labelled: “[rectangular beige label, right wing attached] Santa Ana/ Canyon”; “[rectangular beige label] Orange Co./ Cal 4-33”; “[rectangular beige label] M.W. Stone ,/ Coll.”; “[rectangular salmon label] HOLOTYPE / Lasiopogon / zonatus/ Cole & Wilcox”; “[rectangular white label] California Academy/ of Sciences/ Type No. 6437”; “[rectangular white label] ALLOTYPE IS STORED/ IN THE/ GENERAL COLLECTION”. CAS.

PARATYPES (49 examined): U.S.A.: CALIFORNIA: Los Angeles Co., [no loc], Coquillett (2♂ 1♀ 1? EMEC) ; Artesia [33.865 -118.103], 27.iii.1934, M.W. Stone (1♂ CAS) ; Orange Co., Santa Ana Canyon [33.872 -117.702], iv.1933, M.W. Stone (1♂ 1♀ CAS, 1♂ EMEC), 1.iv.1933, K. Sloop, M.W. Stone (6♂ 1♀ CAS [allotype included], 1♀ EMEC, 1♂ 1♀ FISH, 1♂ 2♀ OSUC, OSUC 583682 – OSUC 583684 ), 11.iii.1934, M.W. Stone (2♂ CAS) , 21.iii.1934, M.W. Stone (7♂ 4♀ CAS, 1♂ 1♀ CNC, CNC 16759, 1♂ 1♀ EMEC, 1♂ ESUW, 1♂ FISH, 1♂ OSUC, OSUC 583681 , 1♂ 1♀ UCRC, UCRC ENT 449990 – UCRC ENT 449991 , 3♂ 2♀ USNM, USNMENT1100160 – USNMENT1100164 ) ; Sonoma Co., Santa Rosa [38.437 -122.713], 4.v.1925 (1♀ USNM, USNMENT1100065 ) .

Other Material Examined (194 specimens). U.S.A.: CALIFORNIA: [no loc], Baron (1♀ OSUC, OSUC 194425 ) ; Contra Costa Co., Danville [37.828 -122.031], 17.iv.1952, F.X. Williams (1♂ FISH) , 8.v.1952, F.X. Williams (1♀ FISH) ; Fresno Co., Coalinga [36.152 -120.354], 10.v.1938, A.J. Basinger (1♀ CAS) , 1.v.1941, J. Wilcox (3♂ CAS, 1♂ RBCM) ; Kern Co., [no loc, no date, but presumably 1880] H.K. Morrison (1♂ EMEC) ; Kern River Preserve, 1.5 mi W Weldon [35.672 -118.315], 21.iv.1983, J.D. Pinto, R.K. Velten (1♀ RBCM) ; Welden , 16 mi S [35.485 -118.205], 26.iv.1964, W. Turner (1♀ BEZA, 1♂ EMEC) ; Los Angeles Co., [no loc], Coquillett (2♂ EMEC, 1♀ FISH) ; Los Cerritos [33.830 -118.205], 21.[?].1915, M.C. Van Duzee (1♂ EMEC) ; Sierra Madre [37.091 -118.046], 17.v.1941, J. Wilcox (1♀ FISH) ; Madera Co., San Joaquin Experimental Range [37.091 -119.733], 17.iv.1953, J.D. Lattin (1♂ FISH) ; Marin Co., Hicks Valley, Arroyo Sausal W of Point Reyes–Petaluma Road [38.157 -122.716], 14.iv.1984, P.H. Arnaud, Jr. (7♂ CAS, 1♂ RBCM), 12.iv.1987, P.H. Arnaud Jr. (5♂ 1♀ CAS, 1♂ RBCM) ; Lagunitas [38.0151 -122.6901], 21.iii.1925, H.H. Keifer (1♂ EMEC) ; San Antonio Creek, San Antonio Rd 4.5 mi S of Petaluma, 38.17899 -122.62826, 15.iii.2014, T.A. McKnight (1♂ RBCM, 1♀ TAM, 2♂ 2♀ [3 EtOH] UMMZ) ; Mendocino Co., Russian River near Hopland [38.954 -123.102], 9.v.1970, J.A. Powell (1♂ 1♀ EMEC) ; Mono Co., Owens River at Benton’s Crossing [37.699 -118.764], 28.vi.1970, J.M. Sheppard, L.J. Sheppard (4♂ 2♀ FISH, 1♂ TAM) ; Monterey Co., Carmel Valley [36.484 -121.743], 14.iv.1962, R. Schetter (1♀ FISH) ; King City along E side Salinas River [36.206 -121.154], 17.iv.1990, D.W. Webb, M.E. Irwin (1♂ 1♀ INHS) ; Napa Co., Markley Canyon, Lake Berryessa [38.491 -122.126], 19.iv.1978, E.M. Fisher (1♀ FISH) ; Pleasant Valley [38.471 -122.032], 2.v.1970, R.F. Lagier (1♀ WSUC) ; Orange Co., Santa Ana River [33.872 -117.702], 19.iv.1927, B. Crow (1♂ EMEC) ; Riverside Co., La Quinta [33.643 -116.319], 28.iii.1923 (1♂ 1♀ EMEC) ; Riverside [33.989 -117.393], 10.iv.1944, A.L. Melander (1♂ 1♀ USNM, USNMENT1100157 , USNMENT1100159 ) ; Riverside, Santa Ana River [33.989 -117.393], 12.iii.1944 (1♂ FSCA) ; San Benito Co., S Hernandez [36.377 -120.816], 22.iv.1957, A.M. Barnes (1♂ EMEC, 1♂ 1♀ FISH) ; San Benito River , 36.379 - 120.902, 1.vi.1998, F.D. Parker (5♂ 6♀ LACM, LACM ENT 334083 – LACM ENT 334085 , LACM ENT 334093 – LACM ENT 334100 ) ; San Bernardino Co., Adelanto , 4 mi NE [34.629 -117.353], 9.iv.1973, E.M. Fisher (1♀ FISH) ; Jenks Lake [34.164 -116.882], 18.vii.1946 (1♀ FSCA) ; Mojave River at Deep Creek [34.343 -117.233], 27.iv.1941, J. Wilcox (1♂ CAS) ; San Luis Obispo Co., Templeton, Salinas River [35.555 -120.694], 28.v.1991, M.E. Irwin (1♂ INHS) ; Shasta Co., Redding , 14 mi NE [40.668 -122.156], 6.iv.1959, M.T. James, LaMar (1♂ 2♀ WSUC) ; Redding , 9 mi NE [40.639 -122.241], 7.iv.1959, M.T. James (1♀ WSUC) ; Summit City [40.669 - 122.392], 7.iv.1959, M.T. James (1♂ RBCM, 2♂ 2♀ WSUC), J.F. Howell (1♂ 1♀ RBCM) ; Sierra Co., Lincoln Creek campground [39.621 -120.525], 16.vi.1975, F.G. Andrews (1♀ FISH) ; Webber Lake [39.476 -120.417], 24.vii.1876, Osten Sacken (1♀ MCZ) , 4.vii.1965, P.H. Arnaud Jr. (4♂ 1♀ CAS, 1♂ FISH, 1♂ RBCM) ; Solano Co., Cold Canyon, 14.4 km W Winters, near Monticello Dam [38.513 -122.098], 11.v.1969, P.H. Arnaud Jr. (1♂ 1♀ CAS) ; Dozier, near Dixon [38.283 -121.818], 3.iv.1971, R.W. Thorp (1♂ BEZA) ; Sonoma Co., Sonoma [38.299 -122.483], 2.iv.1961, D.Q. Cavagnaro (1♂ 1♀ BEZA) ; Trinity Co., Junction City [40.732 -123.056], 21.iv.1977, T.R. Haig (1♂ FISH) , 4.v.1978, T.R. Haig (3♂ 2♀ FISH) , 17.v.1978, T.R. Haig (1♂ FISH) , 23.iv.1984, T.R. Haig (1♂ 2♀ FISH, 1♂ TAM) ; Ventura Co., Casitas Springs [34.372 -119.309], 20.iv.1979, R.P. Meyer (1♀ BEZA) ; Lockwood Creek, near Stauffer P.O. [34.736 -119.054], 5.v.1959, C.W. O’Brien (2♂ 1♀ EMEC, 1♂ 1♀ RBCM), G.I. Stage (1♂ EMEC, 2♀ FISH), J.R. Powell (1♂ EMEC) , 7.v.1959, J.R. Powell (1♂ 1♀ BEZA, 1♂ 1♀ BPBM) ; Wheeler Springs [34.513 -119.274], 16.v.1942, M.W. Stone (1♂ CAS) ; Yolo Co., Davis [38.518 -121.769], 4.iv.1951, R.G. Bechtel (1♂ FSCA) , 20.iv.1951, H.F. Robinson (1♀ LACM, LACM ENT 334069 ) , 23.iv.1951, J.C. Downey (1♂ LACM, LACM ENT 334068 ) , 27.iv.1951, R.G. Bechtel (1♂ 1♀ CNC, 1♀ FISH), 2.iv.1952, E.I. Schlinger (2♂ CAS) , 23.iv.1952, E.I. Schlinger (1♂ CAS) , 12.iii.1956, F.D. Parker (1♂ FSCA) , 8.iv.1956, J.C. Downey (1♂ FISH) , 24.v.1956, J.C. Downey (1♂ LACM, LACM ENT 334067 ) , 22.iv.1959, J.R. Powers (1♂ BEZA, 2♂ EMEC), 7.iv.1961, M.E. Irwin (1♂ BEZA) ; Putah Canyon [38.514 -122.072], 5.v.1967, R.F. Denno (1♂ BEZA) ; IDAHO: Canyon Co., Parma [43.802 -117.000], 13.v.1933, F.H. Schirck (1♀ CAS) ; OREGON: Baker Co., Burnt River 2 mi N of Huntington, 44.36724 -117.28899, 1.v.2014, T.A. McKnight (1♀ [EtOH] UMMZ) ; Jett, Burnt River [44.426 -117.312], 3.v.1946, C.H. Martin (3♂ FSCA, 1♂ RBCM) ; Lake Co., Chandler Wayside State Park, Crooked Creek at Hwy 395, 8.5 km S jct Hwy 31 [42.4115 -120.2905], 27.v.1995, R.A. Cannings, H. Nadel (10♂ 12♀ 1? RBCM, RBCM ENT 010-002824 – RBCM ENT 010-002829 ) ; Malheur Co., Adrian, Owyhee River [43.781 -117.060], 3.v.1946, C.H. Martin (2♂ FISH, 9♂ 1♀ FSCA, 2♀ RBCM, 1♂ TAM) ; Ontario [44.040 -116.962], 16.v.1946, C.H. Martin (1♀ FISH, 1♂ 1♀ FSCA) ; WASHINGTON: Benton Co., Richland, Yakima River [46.276 -119.317], 2.v.1946, C.H. Martin (1♂ RBCM) .

Etymology. No explanation given in the original description, but evidently named for the “zonate appearance of the abdomen”, i.e., the straight bands of light and dark tergite tomentum.

Distribution ( Fig. 40 ) Nearctic; U.S.A.: California, Oregon, western Idaho. Type locality: U.S.A., California: Orange Co., Santa Ana Canyon.

Phylogenetic Relationships. Member of the bivittatus section, sister to L. wilcoxi , likely in a position basal to the drabicolum group.

Natural History. Habitat: sandy stream banks in semiarid areas. Caught perching on bare dry sand 1–10 m from the flowing water ( Fig. 18 ), or in an open dry flood wash through willows. Dates collected: March 11 to July 24, with most in April or May.

Figures

FIGURE 34. Matrix key of Lasiopogon morphology for species revised in this publication, indicating details of tergite tomentum, major setation, and dissected male genitalia. Taxa are grouped on pages with closely related and visually similar species. (34) L. apoecus sp. nov., L. condylophorus sp. nov., L. gabrieli, L. wilcoxi sp. nov., L. zonatus.

FIGURES 37–40. Distribution maps of georeferenced records for Lasiopogon species revised in this publication, part 1 of 2. Each map corresponds to one page of the morphology tabular key.

FIGURES 14–21. Representative habitats of inland sand-perching Lasiopogon species collected for this revision. (14) Washington: Asotin Co., Snake River, sandy bank 4 mi S of Asotin jct Hwy 129, 21.iv.2014 (L. ripicola). (15) Washington: Thurston Co., Tumwater, Deschutes River @ Pioneer Park, 15.v.2015 (L. puyallupi stat. nov.). (16) Oregon: Linn Co., Crabtree Creek @ Hwy 226 bridge 8 mi N of Lebanon, 19.v.2012 (L. willametti). (17) Washington: Franklin Co., Juniper Dunes Wilderness, N entrance, 18 mi NE of Pasco, 20.iv.2014 (L. albidus). (18) California: Marin Co., San Antonio Creek, San Antonio Rd 4.5 mi S of Petaluma, 15.iii.2014 (L. zonatus, L. esau sp. nov.). (19) California: Riverside Co., Little San Gorgonio Creek @ Potrero blvd bridge, 2 mi NW of Beaumont, 9.iii.2014 (L. wilcoxi sp. nov.). (20) New Mexico: Grant Co., Gila River below Forks campsite, 6.v.2015 (L. karli sp. nov.). (21) California: Riverside Co., Santa Ana River at Mt. Rubidoux, 4.iii.2013 (L. drabicolum).