Tanypodinae

Chamutiová, Tímea, Hamerlík, Ladislav & Bitušík, Peter, 2020, Subfossil chironomids (Diptera, Chironomidae) of lakes in the Tatra Mountains an illustrated guide, Zootaxa 4819 (2), pp. 216-264 : 226

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4819.2.2
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2459A542-6CF2-4545-9E6F-262C68838D99
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4437335
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F487F1-FFB7-FFAE-FF22-FE6DAB2BFC5E
treatment provided by	Plazi (2020-12-29 00:20:21, last updated 2024-11-25 23:27:53)
scientific name	Tanypodinae
status

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Tanypodinae View in CoL ( Figs 3, 4 View FIGURES 1–8 )

Head capsules of the subfamily Tanypodinae can be distinguished from the other subfamilies at first glance. The most obvious feature, unique for this subfamily, is the presence of ligula and a pair of paraligulae at each side of the base of the ligula. Another typical feature is the absence of distinct mentum and ventromental plates. If toothed dorsomentum present, it is less notable and of different shape as in other subfamilies ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1–8 ). Mandible curved, tapered towards apex into dark apical tooth with one (rarely more) inner teeth. Distal part of mola swollen into lobe appearing as a large tooth (in older literature called also basal tooth ( Fittkau & Roback 1983). Features used to distinguish morphotypes are mainly number of teeth, shape and colour of ligula, presence/absence of dorsomental teeth and the shape and colour of occipital margin. Unfortunately, in the subfossil material ligula (and frequently also other structures important for identification) is often missing. In that case, position of cephalic setae and sensory pores can be used for generic diagnosis. Our manual does not focus on this character, but there is a relatively extensive literature dealing with it (see Kowalyk 1985; Rieradevall & Brooks 2001; Brooks et al. 2007; Cranston & Epler 2013).

References

Brooks, S. J., Langdon, P. G. & Heiri, O. (2007) The Identification and Use of Palaearctic Chironomidae Larvae in Palaeoecology. QRA Technical Guide No. 10. QRA, London, 276 pp.

Cranston, P. S. & Epler, J. H. (2013) The larvae of Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region-Keys and diagnoses. In: Andersen, T., Saether, O. A., Cranston, P. S. & Epler, J. H. (Eds.), Chironomidae of the Holarctic Region. Keys and diagnoses. Larvae. Insects Systematics & Evolution, Supplements 66, pp. 39 - 136.

Fittkau, E. J. & Roback, S. S. (1983) The larvae of Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region-Keys and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. (Ed.), Chironomidae of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. Part 1. Larvae. Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement 19, pp. 33 - 110.

Kowalyk, H. E. (1985) The larval cephalic setae in the Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) and their importance in generic determinations. The Canadian Entomologist, 117, 67 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 11767 - 1

Rieradevall, M. & Brooks, S. J. (2001) An identification guide to subfossil Tanypodinae larvae (Insecta: Diptera: Chironomidae) based on cephalic setation. Journal of Paleolimnology, 25, 81 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1008185517959

Figures

FIGURES 1–8. Diamesinae, Pseudodiamesa nivosa: 1—head capsule. Prodiamesinae, Prodiamesa olivacea: 2—head capsule. Tanypodinae, Procladius: 3—detail of head capsule. Tanypodinae, Zavrelimyia: 4—head capsule. Orthocladiinae, Chaetocladius piger-type: 5—head capsule. Chironominae (Chironomini), Chironomus anthracinus-type: 6—head capsule. Chironominae (Tanytarsini), Micropsectra junci-type: 7—head capsule. Chironominae (Tanytarsini), Micropsectra radialistype: 8—head capsule. li—ligula, pl—paraligula, dt—dorsomental teeth, a—antennae, ma—mandible, om—occipital margin, me—mentum, vp—ventromental plate, b—beard, p—projection on occipital margin, at—apical tooth of the mandible, it—inner teeth of the mandible, ap—antennal pedestal, pm—premandible, s—spur, pp—post-occipital plate, ss—seta submenti