Monacha (Monacha) claustralis (MENKE 1828)

Irikov, A., 2008, Genus Monacha FITZINGER 1833 in Bulgaria (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Hygromiidae), Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (1), pp. 785-811 : 789-792

Monacha (Monacha) claustralis (MENKE 1828)

1828 Helix claustralis MENKE : 12. Locus typicus: "Prevesa", Greece ( MOUSSON 1859: 254).

1911 Theba carthusiana HESSE: 143.

1911 Theba frecuens HESSE: 144.

1911 Carthusiana carthusiana: WOHLBEREDT: 198.

1911 Carthusiana frequens: WOHLBEREDT : 198.

1957 Monacha carthusiana JAECKEL, KLEMM & MEISE: 164.

1960b Monacha (Monacha) carthusiana URBANSKI: 72, 80, 92, 93, 99, 100, 103.

1960c Monacha (Monacha) carthusiana URBANSKI: 124, 130, 140.

1960c Monacha (Monacha) carascaloides URBANSKI : 124, 127, 140.

1964 Monacha carthusiana URBANSKI: 27.

1964 Monacha carascaloides URBANSKI : 27.

1965 Monacha carthusiana HUDEC: 13.

1967 Monacha cartusiana URBANSKI & WIKTOR : 57, 90.

1967 Monacha (Monacha) carascaloides URBANSKI & WIKTOR : 60.

1967 Monacha (Monacha) carthusiana HUDEC: 82, fig. 5 (in fig. 6 wrongly applied text).

1968 Monacha (Monacha) cartusiana PINTER L. : 221, fig. 9.

1968 Monacha (Monacha) carascaloides PINTER L. : 220.

1968 Monacha (Monacha) dissimulans PINTER L. : 221, fig. 5-6, fig. 64-66, fig. 67-69. Locus typicus: "Varna-Kurort", Bulgaria.

1969 Monacha cartusiana Urbanski : 234.

1970 Monacha cartusiana Urbanski : 67.

1971 Monacha (Monacha) carthusiana HUDEC & VASATKO: 29, fig. 16-17.

1973 Monacha (Monacha) venusta HUDEC & VASATKO : 20, fig. 16, pl. 5, fig. 1.

1975 Monacha cartusiana DAMJANOV & LIKHAREV : 362, fig. 291-292.

1977 Monacha cartusiana CLAUSS : 309.

1977 Monacha carascaloidesa CLAUSS: 309.

1983 Monacha cartusiana KÖRNIG : 36.

1983 Monacha carascaloide KÖRNIG: 36.

1997 Monacha cartusiana MITOV & RADOSLAVOV : 107.

2000 Monacha cartusiana DEDOV & PENEV : 127.

2000b Monacha (Monacha) claustralis HAUSDORF : 80, fig. 19, pl. 4 fig. 19-20, table 8, map 6.

2001 Monacha cartusiana ANTONOVA & DEDOV : 41.

2002 Monacha cartusiana ANTONOVA & DEDOV : 85.

2002 Monacha cartusiana IRIKOV & GEORGIEV : 12.

2002 Monacha cartusiana IRIKOV : 96.

2005a Monacha cartusiana HUBENOV : 782.

2005b Monacha cartusiana HUBENOV : 241.

2005 Monacha cartusiana IRIKOV & DEDOV : 789.

2005 Monacha cartusiana GEORGIEV : 435.

2006 Monacha (Monacha) cartusiana IRIKOV & MOLLOV : 820.

2006 Monacha (Monacha) claustralis IRIKOV & MOLLOV : 821.

Distribution of M. claustralis in Bulgaria ( Map 3 ): MOUSSON (1859): Helix cartusiana: Izvor (FM59), Kystendil (FM38), Blagoevgrad (= former name Djumaya) (FM75), Lovech (LH17-18), Sevlievo (LH49), Tarnovo (LH86-87-97), Shumen (MH99); Helix frequens ( MOUSSON 1859) : Blagoevgrad (= former name Djumaya) (FM75), Sevlievo (LH49), Shumen (MH99); JICKELY (1874): H. cartusiana: Pleven (LJ00-01), Varna (NH78); Kobelt (1898): Carthusiana carthusiana: Bulgaria; KOBELT (1898): Carthusiana frequens: Bulgaria; HESSE (1911): Theba cartusiana: surrordings by Plovdiv area (? LG16-17); HESSE (1911): Theba frequens: surrordings by Plovdiv area (? LG16-17), Sevlievo (LH49), Shumen (MH99), Blagoevgrad (= former name Djumaya) (FM75); HESSE (1916): T. cartusiana Varna (NH78); JAECKEL, KLEMM & MEISE (1957): M. cartusiana : Bulgaria; URBANSKI (1960a): M. (M.) cartusiana : 1.5 kilometer in the north of Burgas (NH30); URBANSKI (1960b): M. (M.) cartusiana: Tarnovo (LH86-87- 97), Lakatnik (FN96-97), Lozenets (NG67), Tsarevo (= former name Michurin) (NG66- 67), Dryanovo (LH75), Bachkovski Monastery (LG24), hills in Plovdiv (LG16-17); URBANSKI (1960c): M. (M.) cartusiana: Beloslav (NH58), Provadiya (NH37-38), Kaspichan (NH19), Bachkovski Monastery (LG24), Ropotamo River (? NG58-68); M. (M.) carascaloides : between Asenovgrad and Narechenski Bani (LG14-24-25); URBANSKI (1962): M. (M.) cartusiana: Balchik (NJ90); URBANSKI (1964): M. (M.) cartusiana : between Asenovgrad and Narechen (LG14-24-25); M. (M.) carascaloides: Asenova Krepost Fortress (LG25); HUDEC (1965): M. cartusiana : hill Tsarevets in Tarnovo (LH87); URBANSKI & WIKTOR (1967): M. cartusiana: Bachkovski Monastery (LG24), Berkovitsa (FN78-79), Ropotamo River (? NG58-68); HUDEC (1967): M. cartusiana : Varna (NH78), Aladzha Monastery (NH89); PINTER L. (1968): M. (M.) cartusiana : Varna (NH78), Veslets (GN19), Gara Lakatnik (FN97), Karlovo (LH12-22), Stoletov Peak, Shipka Pass (LH63), Bachkovski Monastery (LG24); M. (M.) carascaloides: Karlovo (LH12-22), between Asenovgrad and Narechenski Bani (LG14- 24-25), Bachkovski Monastery (LG24); M. (M.) dissimulans : Varna (NH78),? Kranevo (NH89-NJ90); DAMJANOV & L. PINTER (1969): M. carascaloides : from Asenobgrad to Bachkovo (LG24-25); URBANSKI (1969): M. cartusiana: Balchik (NJ90), Kaliakra Foreland (PJ10); PINTER I. & L. PINTER (1970): M. (M.) frequens: Boboshevo (FM66), Dolna Ribnitsa (FL79), Zlatarevo (FL78); URBANSKI (1970): M. cartusiana: Kaliakra Foreland (PJ10); DAMJANOV (1971): M. cartusiana: Rezovo (NG84), Silistar River (? NG85), bottom stream of Veleka River (NG75); HUDEC & VASAKO (1971): M. (M.) cartusiana: Sozopol (NG59), Arkutino (NG58), Ropotamo River (? NG58-68); Emine Foreland (? NH62-63-72-73), Vratnik Pass in Eastern Stara Planina Mountain (MH34), Trite Bratya in Aitoska Planina Mountain (NH22), Aitoska Planina north from Aitos (NH13-23), Sinite Kamani north of Sliven (MH42), Kardjali (LG61), Bachkovo (LG24); BERON (1972): M. haussknechti (O. BOETTGER, 1886) : Bankobitsa Cave, near by Lukovit (KN68); HUDEC & VASATKO (1973): M. (M.) venusta : the outfall of Ropotamo River (NG58-68); M. (M.) frequens : surrordings by Sandanski area (? FM80-90); DAMJANOV & LIKHAREV (1975): M. cartusiana : everywhere in Bulgaria; CLAUSS (1977); M. cartusiana: Oreshitsa Reka River Valley between Hvoyna and Orehovo and toward Summit Persenk (LG03), Pavelsko (LG03-13), Pamporovo district (LG01), Chepelarska Reka River Valley, 2-3 km from Chepelare (LG02); KÖRNIG (1983): M. cartusiana: Kresna in Mesta River Valley (FM72-81-82), Durankulak Lake (PJ23-24), Lozenets (NG67), Tsarevo (= former name Michurin) (NG66-67), Kranevo (NH89-NJ80); M. carascaloides: Bachkovo (LG24), Yugovo (LG13), Mostovo (LG23); MITOV & RADOSLAVOV (1997): M. cartusiana: Slavei Hut in Golo Bardo Mountain (FN61), Studena Lake by Varbishka Reka River in Golo Bardo Mountain (FN71); DEDOV & PENEV (2000): M. cartusiana : Sofia (FN82-83-92-93); HAUSDORF (2000b): M. (M.) claustralis : South Bulgaria; ANTONOVA & DEDOV (2001): M. cartusiana: Peio Yavorov Railway Station, nord from Kresna (FM72); ANTONOVA & DEDOV (2002): M. cartusiana: Zemenski Prolom Gorge (FN30-40; FM39-49); IRIKOV & GEORGIEV (2002): M. cartusiana : Stara Zagora (LG89), Sredna Gora Mountains, north from Stara Zagora (LH80); IRIKOV (2002): M. cartusiana: Dobrostan Ridge (LG14-23-24-25); HUBENOV (2005a): M. cartusiana : Eastern Rhodopes Mountains; HUBENOV (2005b), M. cartusiana: Dunavska Ravnina Lowland , Stara Planina Mountain system, Transition area, Rila-Rodopi Mountains Massif, Black Sea Coast; IRIKOV & DEDOV (2005): M. cartusiana: Plevun (MF19), Kostilkovo (MF28), Dolno Lukovo (MF28); GEORGIEV (2005): M. carascaloides: Surnena Sredna Gora Mountain, Oriahovitsa (MH00), Edrevo (MH01), Kolena and Dalboki (LH90), north from Stara Zagora (LH80), Ostra Mogila (LH70), Starozagorski Bani resort complex (LH70), wrongly registered by the author with a code (LH79), Stojan Zaimovo (LG69), Rozovets (LH40); IRIKOV & MOLLOV (2006): M. (M.) cartusiana: Belitsa (LG23), Dyavolsko Garlo Cave by Trigrad (KG81), Kastrakli Reserve, Chakin Dol River Valley (KG71-72), Between Mostovo and Sini Vrah (LG33), Bistritsa River Valley, 5-km before the flow to Mesta River (GM40); M. (M.) claustralis: Chepelarska River Valley , from Narechenski Bani to Hvoyna (LG03- LG14-LG24-LG25), (the last two UTM squares are inexact included in respective locality), Zabardo, Kamaka area (LG03).

Researched material ( Map 3 ): Eastern Rhodopes Mountains: about 25 km southeastern of Krumovgrad, Ribino ( LF78 ), 200-300 m alt., 2 specimens, 20.03.2005, leg. IRIKOV ; Ivaylovgrad ( MF29 ), 200 m alt., 2 specimens, 19.03.2005, leg. IRIKOV ; Western Rhodopes Mountains: Dobrostan Ridge (LG14-23-24-25), 500-1000 m alt., 19 specimens, 2002-2004, leg. IRIKOV ; Hvoyna (LG03), 650 m alt., 12 specimens, 7.08.2005, leg. IRIKOV ; Chernatitsa Ridge, 2 km north-east of Zabardo, Kamaka Rock Peak (LG03), 1600 m alt., 3 specimens, 24.09.2005, leg. IRIKOV ; Chepelare (LG02), 1100 m alt., 3 specimens, 1.05.2003, leg. Irikov ; Trakiiska Nizina Lowland : Plovdiv (LG16-17), 150-200 m alt., 37 specimens, 19.09.2006, leg. IRIKOV ; North Black Sea Coast: Kaliakra Foreland ( PJ10 ), 10-15 m alt, 11 specimens, 27.05.1999 leg. IRIKOV ; South Black Sea Coast: sand coast Arkutino, near by marsh-reserve Arkutino , between Sozopol and Primorsko ( NG58 ), 2-3 m alt., 5 specimens, 26.06.2006 leg. IRIKOV ; outfall of Ropotamo River , south riverside ( NG68 ), 3 m alt., 1 specimen, 4.06.2005, leg. MOLLOV ; Kiten ( NG67 ), 3-4 m alt., 3 specimens 7.06.2002, leg. IRIKOV ; about 2 km north of Tsarevo , campsite "Arapja" ( NG67 ), 1.5 m alt., 3 specimens, 6.09.2005 and 1 specimen, 7.09.2005, leg. IRIKOV ; Tsarevo , beach "Popski plaj" ( NG67 ), 1.5 m alt., 1 specimen, 2.06.2005, leg. MOLLOV ; firth of Silistar River ( NG85 ), 1.5 m alt., 3 specimens, 27.08.2004 and 1 specimen, 8.09.2005, 3 specimens 27.06.2006 and 2 specimens 25.08.2006, leg. IRIKOV ; Varvara ( NG76 ), 5-10 m alt., 3 specimens and outfall of Resovska River ( NG84 ), 4 m alt., 1 specimen, 5.06.2005 leg. IRIKOV ; Strandja Planina Mountain: reserve "Silkosija", near by Kosti ( NG65 ), ~ 250 m alt., 7 specimens 4.06.2002 leg. IRIKOV ; Sredna Stara Planina Mountain: Trjavna , about 23 km western of Gabrovo ( LH74 ), 450-500 m alt., 5 specimens, 5.09.2004, leg. J. Jelev ; Veliko Tarnovo ( LH86-87 - 97 ), 200-300 m alt., 3 specimens, 13.07.2004, leg. JELEV .

Shell (Fig. 8): Measurements (n = 20), D: 10.0- 16.6 mm, x = 13.7 mm; H: 7.2-11.5 mm, x = 8.8 mm; D/H = 1.41-1.87mm, x = 1.62 mm.

Genitalia (Fig. 2): The measurements of some sections of the genitalia are compiled in Table 2 and the variation of the proportions of some sections of the genitalia is represent in Table 3.

Vertical distribution: In Bulgaria from 0 m alt. to 1600 m alt. in the Mountains. This is a unique species of Genus Monacha , who meet in higher elevation in the Mountains.

Ecological data: The species prefer open grassy spaces with high vegetation, but unrarely may be found as synantrophic species in workable areas with agricultures, haymaking meadows and in gardens and courtyards in populated places also. In the towns inhabit in open areas with high grassy vegetation, in abundant number on perennials near by paths.

Mesohygrophilic, mesothermophilic, drought-resistant species.

Zoogeography: Eastersubmediterranean subelement, Submediterranean element, European faunistic complex.

Figures

Map 3. Distribution of Monacha (Monacha) claustralis (MENKE 1828) (UTM-grid, 10 kmsquares).