Heterodermia diademata (Taylor) D.D. Awasthi, Geophytology

Mongkolsuk, Pachara, Meesim, Sanya, Poengsungnoen, Vasun, Buaruang, Kawinnat, Schumm, Felix & Kalb, Klaus, 2015, The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-II. Contributions to the genus Heterodermia sensu lato, Phytotaxa 235 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

5. Heterodermia diademata (Taylor) D.D. Awasthi, Geophytology 3(1): 113 (1973) ( Fig. 7A )

Parmelia diademata Taylor, London J. Bot. 6: 165 (1847). Type:— NEPAL. Wallich (holotype FH-Tayl., fide Kurokawa 1962); Physcia hypoleuca var. diademata (Taylor) Müll. Arg. , Flora 63: 277 (1880); Physcia speciosa f. diademata (Taylor) Müll. Arg. , Flora 71: 197 (1888); Pseudophyscia hypoleuca f. diademata (Taylor) Hue, Nuov. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. , sér. 4, 1: 113 (1899); Anaptychia diademata (Taylor) Kurok., Beih. Nova Hedwigia 6: 28 (1962); Physcia major Nyl. , Flora 41: 379 (1858). Type:— MEXICO. Orizaba: F. Müller (holotype H-Nyl!); Heterodermia major (Nyl.) Trevis., Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. 11: 618 (1869 [1868]); Physcia speciosa var. major (Nyl.) Müll. Arg. , Flora 70: 60 (1887); Anaptychia major (Nyl.) Vain., Dansk. Bot. Ark. 4(11): 12 (1926).—For further synonymy, see Kurokawa (1962, 1998) and Swinscow & Krog (1976).

Thallus foliose, orbicular to irregularly spreading, adnate to loosely adnate, to 15 cm wide. Lobes 0.5–2.5 mm wide, plane to weakly convex or weakly concave, sublinear-elongate, sympodially to irregularly branched, contiguous or discrete at the periphery, radiating; apices not ascending, with short lateral lobes, eciliate; isidia, phyllidia and soralia absent. Upper surface greenish white, whitish or gray, pruinose or not, rarely with marginal lobules. Medulla white. Lower surface corticate, whitish to pale brown to dirty brown towards the centre, smooth to strongly corrugated. Lower surface rhizines and marginal rhizines comparatively sparse, the latter sometimes projecting from the thallus, concolorous with the thallus or darkening at the apices, simple or irregularly or squarrosely branched. Apothecia laminal, sessile to substipitate, 1.5–5.5 mm wide; margin entire, crenulate to lobulate; disc concave, brown to brown-black, epruinose. Ascospores Pachysporaria - type, ellipsoidal, 25−40 × 10−17 µm. Pycnidia common, immersed or slightly protruding; conidia bacilliform, 3–4 × 1 µm.

Chemistry: Cortex K+ yellow, C–, KC–, P+ yellow; medulla K+ yellow, C–, P–; containing atranorin (major), zeorin (major), 16β-acetoxyhopane-6α,22-diol (major), leucotylin (minor), 6α-acetoxyhopane-16β,22-diol (minor), 6α,16β-diacetoxyhopane-22-ol (minor or trace).

Distribution and habitat:—Grows on rock and more often on the bark of trees ( Cassia , Betula and

18 • Phytotaxa 235 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press

MONGKOLSUK ET AL.

Lagerstroemia are reported) in hill evergreen forest, plantations, dry evergreen forest, lower montane forest, lower montane scrub, coniferous forest and dry dipterocarp forest from 700–2000 m above sea level, also in Australia, North, Central and South America, Africa and Asia; new for Thailand.

Remarks:—characterized by the narrow, sublinear-elongate lobes, the lack of isidia, phyllidia and soralia and the presence of 16β-acetoxyhopane-6α,22-diol (major), leucotylin (minor) and 6α-acetoxyhopane-16β,22-diol (minor) in the medulla.

Material from Thailand examined:— Nan: Doi Phu Kha, area of view point at Doi Phu Kha, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of Cassia bakeriana , 1470 m, 19°18'13'' N, 101°09'55'' E, 14 July 1995, S. Meesim RU-DK 10, ( RAMK 21384); ibid., S. Meesim RU-DK 30.1, ( RAMK 21669); Chiang Mai: Doi Suthep-Pui, along the trail from Research centre Suan Song Saeng Kasetsart Uiversity, National guard units 1 Pha Dum, in evergreen forest, on bark of unidentified tree, 1415 m, 18°45'04'' N, 98°53'16'' E, 30 April 2005, W. Hongsachart RU-WD 58, ( RAMK 21524); ibid., W. Hongsachart RU-WD 73, ( RAMK 21713); Doi Inthanon National Park, area along trail Doi Inthanon, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of unidentified tree, 2000 m, 18°35'22'' N, 98°29'15'' E, 4 March 1998, P. Mongkolsuk 11813, ( RAMK 13724); ibid., area along trail Siriphum waterfall, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of unidentified tree, 1320 m, 18°32'50'' N, 98°30'56'' E, 9 September 2005, N. Juntawong RU-NJ 285, ( RAMK 21496); Loei: Na Haeo National Park, area of Wat Pha Chaleam Phrakeid, in dry evergreen forest, on rock, 750 m, 17°30'15'' N, 100°56'25'' E, 14 July 1995, P. Mongkolsuk 5684, ( RAMK 21885); ibid., area of Wat Pha Chaleam Phrakeid, in dry evergreen forest, on bark of unidentified tree, 750 m, 17°30'15'' N, 100°56'25'' E, 14 July 1995, P. Mongkolsuk 5656, ( RAMK 21884); ibid., area of check point 1, in hill evergreen forest, on Castanopsis sp. , 1260 m, 17°30'15'' N, 100°56'25'' E, 12 July 1995, P. Mongkolsuk 4318, ( RAMK 21879); Loei: Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, area Phu khon of Forest protection unit, in dry dipterocarp forest, on rock, 700 m, 17°14'33'' N, 101°18'28'' E, 21 May 2009, S. Meesim & K. Buaruang, RU-MSPL 535, ( RAMK 21115); Loei: Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, area Lon Tae of Forest protection unit, along trail to Pa Kob, in coniferous forest, on bark of unidentified tree, 1250 m, 17°12'00'' N, 101°33'48'' E, 12 November 2009, S. Meesim & K. Buaruang, RU-MSPL 603, ( RAMK 21126); Loei: Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, area Kok Nok Kraba, in lower montane scrub, on bark of unidentified tree, 1490 m, 17°16'49'' N, 101°31'29'' E, 28 August 2008, S. Meesim & K. Buaruang, RU-MS 32.1, ( RAMK 21031); Phitsanulok: Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, along trail to Lan Hin Taek area, in lower montane scrub, on rock, 925 m, 17°00'27'' N, 101°59'36'' E, 4 February 2003, C. Chansuk, RU-CS 6, ( RAMK 21665); ibid., along trail to Phu Man Khaow area, in lower montane forest, on bark of unidentified tree, 1745 m, 16°54'23'' N, 101°05'38'' E, 31 March 2004, T. Deansa, RU-MS 35, ( RAMK 21484); Kamphaeng Phet: Maewong, along trail Chong Yen, in hill evergreen forest, on Betula alnoides , 1340 m, 16°06'03'' N, 99°06'27'' E, 2 May 2006, S. Meesim RU-MW 9, ( RAMK 21485); Nakon Ratchasima, Khao Yai National Park, Royal Forest Department training centre, in plantation, on Lagerstroemia speciosa , 825 m, 14°24'50'' N, 101°22'28'' E, 21 September 2001, W. Polyiam RU-22282, ( RAMK 7144); Phetchaburi: Kaeng Krachan, along trail Khao Phanoenthung before km 36, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of unidentified tree, 1210 m, 12°53'07'' N, 99°37'53'' E, 12 February 2006, S. Meesim RU-MS 119, ( RAMK 21483).

Figures

FIGURE 7. A. Heterodermia diademata (scale 1 cm). B. Heterodermia dissecta (scale 5 mm). C. Heterodermia firmula (scale 5 mm). D. Heterodermia granulifera (scale 1.5 mm). E. Heterodermia isidiophora (scale 5 mm). F. Heterodermia isidiophorella (scale 2 mm).