Heterodermia pseudospeciosa (Kurok.) W.L. Culb., Bryologist

Mongkolsuk, Pachara, Meesim, Sanya, Poengsungnoen, Vasun, Buaruang, Kawinnat, Schumm, Felix & Kalb, Klaus, 2015, The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-II. Contributions to the genus Heterodermia sensu lato, Phytotaxa 235 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

11. Heterodermia pseudospeciosa (Kurok.) W.L. Culb., Bryologist 69: 484 (1967 [1966]) ( Fig. 8D )

Anaptychia pseudospeciosa Kurok., J. Jap. Bot. 34(6): 176 (1959). Type :— JAPAN. Honshu : Prov. Idzu, Suishochi, Amagi Pass, 20 August 1956, Asahina (holotype TNS, isotype M!).

Thallus foliose, orbicular to irregularly spreading, adnate to loosely adnate, 2–5 cm wide. Lobes comparatively small, 0.7–1.5 mm wide, plane to weakly convex, sublinear-elongate, sympodially to subdigitately branched, usually discrete at the periphery, radiating; apices not ascending, eciliate, with distinct pseudocyphellae along the margins of the lobes or on small short lateral branches. Upper surface grayish white to gray to brownish gray, ± darker at the lobe tips, pruinose or not, sorediate; soralia white to bluish gray, originating mostly from bursting pseudocyphellae, developing into subcapitate or labriform soralia. Medulla white. Lower surface corticate, whitish to pale brown, rarely dark gray in the centre. Lower surface rhizines sparse, mostly simple or sparsely branched, marginal rhizines frequent, concolorous with the thallus or becoming dark or black near the apices, irregularly branched, to 1 mm long, projecting beyond the lobes. Apothecia rare, laminal, adnate to sessile, 1–3 mm wide; margin initially crenulate, later sorediate; disc concave, brown to brown-black, epruinose. Ascospores Pachysporaria - type, ellipsoidal, 26–32 × 12–14 µm. Pycnidia immersed or slightly protruding; conidia bacilliform, 4–5 × 1 µm.

Chemistry: Cortex K+ yellow, C–, KC–, P+ yellow; medulla K+ yellow then red, C–, P+ dark yellow; containing atranorin (major), zeorin (major), 16β-acetoxyhopane-6α,22-diol (major), leucotylin (minor), 6αacetoxyhopane-16β,22-diol (trace), norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor), salazinic acid (trace).

Distribution and habitat:—This species occurs on bark of trees ( Magnolia henryi , Dipterocarpus costatus , Castanopsis and Acer pseudoplantanus are reported) and, more rarely, on mossy rocks in hill evergreen forest, dry dipterocarp forest, lower montane scrub, tropical rainforest, lower montane rainforest and mixed deciduous forest from 700–1610 m above sea level; also in North, Central and South America, Africa, Asia, Australia and New Zealand.

Remarks:—This lichen is characterized by the bursting pseudocyphellae along the lobe margins developing into soralia and the presence of norstictic acid in the medulla. Usually the development of the soralia starts in a very early stage and it may be difficult to see the few remaining pseudocyphellae. But sometimes the development of the soralia starts late and those specimens are very similar to Heterodermia angustiloba , which however, is easily separated by the presence of dissectic acid.

Material from Thailand examined:— Nan: Doi Phu Kha, along trail to Doi Phu Kha, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of Magnolia henryi , 1595 m, 19°18'13'' N, 101°09'55'' E, 10 May 2006, S. Meesim RU-DK 13, ( RAMK 21821); ibid., S. Meesim RU-DK 6, ( RAMK 21822); Chiang Mai: Doi Suthep-Pui, along trail junction to Pan Ma-Doi-Pui, km 5, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of Dipterocarpus costatus , 1420 m, 18°48'17'' N, 98°53'46'' E, 30 April 2005, W. Hongsachart RU-WD 39, ( RAMK 21841); ibid., W. Hongsachart RU-WD 39, ( RAMK 21863); Chiang Mai: Doi Inthanon National Park, area along trail Siriphum waterfall, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of unidentified tree, 1320 m, 18°32'50'' N, 98°30'56'' E, 9 September 2005, N. Juntawong RU-NJ 443, ( RAMK 21827); Loei: Na Haeo National Park, area of check point 1, in hill evergreen forest, on Castanopsis sp. , 1260 m, 17°30'15'' N, 100°56'25'' E, 12 July 1995, P. Mongkolsuk 4462, ( RAMK 21875); Loei: Na Haeo National Park, area of War Pha Chaleam Phrakeid, in dry dipterocarp forest, bark of unidentified tree, 705 m, 17°30'15'' N, 100°56'25'' E, 5 November 1995, P. Mongkolsuk 6637, ( RAMK 21872); Loei: Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, area of Kok Nok Kraba, in lower montane scrub, on rock, 1495 m, 17°16'49'' N, 101°31'29'' E, 29 August 2005, W. Hongsachart, RU-WD 148, ( RAMK 21179); ibid., W. Hongsachart, RU-WD 122, ( RAMK 21164); ibid., S. Meesim & K. Buaruang RU-MS 85, ( RAMK 21089); Loei: Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, area of Kok Nok Kraba along trail to channel 7, in lower montane scrub, on rock, 1470 m, 17°16'46'' N, 101°31'08'' E, 29 August 2005, W. Hongsachart WD 221, ( RAMK 21900); Loei: Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, office of forest protection unit, Phu Ho, in dry dipterocarp forest, on bark of Acer pseudoplatanus , 700 m, 17°14' 33'' N, 101°18'28'' E, 10 November 2009, S. Meeesim RU-MSPL 653, ( RAMK 21147); Phitsanulok: Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, area of political and military schools, in tropical rainforest, on rock, 1165 m, 16°59'33'' N, 100°00'42'' E, 5 June 2003, P. mongkolsuk, RU-PM 135, ( RAMK 21700); Phitsanulok: Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, area of Kang Han Nam water fall, in lower montane rain forest, on rock, 1165 m, 16°59'31'' N, 100°00'44'' E, 6 June 2003, P. Mongkolsuk RU-PM special, ( RAMK 21817); Phitsanulok: Phu Hin Rong Kla, forest protection unit Man Daeng, in lower montane forest, on rock, 1610 m, 16°55'51'' N, 101°03'04' E, 7 June 2004, P. Mongkolsuk RU-PM 256, ( RAMK 21832);

THE LICHEN FAMILY PHYSCIACEAE IN THAILAND —II

Phytotaxa 235 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 27

ibid., P. Mongkolsuk RU-PM 256/2, ( RAMK 21833 ); Phitsanulok: Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, along trail to Lan Hin Taek area , in mixed deciduous forest, on rock, 825 m, 17°00'27'' N, 100°59'36'' E, 6 February 2003, C . Chansuk RU-CS 19, ( RAMK 21816 ) .

Figures

FIGURE 8. A. Heterodermia koyana (scale 5 mm). B. Heterodermia koyanoides (scale 5 mm). C. Heterodermia lepidota (scale 5 mm). D. Heterodermia pseudospeciosa (scale 5 mm). E. Heterodermia rubescens (scale 5 mm). F. Heterodermia rugulosa (scale 5 mm).