Heterodermia hypochraea (Vain.) Swinscow & Krog, Lichenologist

Mongkolsuk, Pachara, Meesim, Sanya, Poengsungnoen, Vasun, Buaruang, Kawinnat, Schumm, Felix & Kalb, Klaus, 2015, The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-II. Contributions to the genus Heterodermia sensu lato, Phytotaxa 235 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

4. Heterodermia hypochraea (Vain.) Swinscow & Krog, Lichenologist 8(2): 119 (1976) ( Fig. 12C )

Anaptychia hypochraea Vain., Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 35: 59 (1921); Anaptychia podocarpa var. hypochraea (Vain.) M. Satô, J. Jap. Bot. 12: 431 (1936). Type :— JAPAN. Prov. Inaba: Mt. Sensoku, ad corticem arboris, 25 September 1915, A. Yasuda 151 (holotype, TUR-Vain. 7958!)

Thallus foliose to subfruticose, forming small rosettes or irregularly spreading, adnate to loosely adnate, 2–5 cm wide. Lobes 0.5–2.0 mm wide, sublinear, convex, rarely flat or partly concave, irregularly branched, suberect or ascending at the apices, partially imbricate, discrete to contiguous, non-ciliate, Upper surface grayish white or gray, epruinose; soredia and isidia absent. Medulla white. Lower surface ecorticate, arachnoid, ± canaliculate, white, partly or totally impregnated by an orange to orange-brown pigment. Marginal rhizines simple or irregularly branched, whitish or somewhat darker at the tips, 1–4 mm long. Apothecia common (not seen in the holotype), substipitate to stipitate, 1–5 mm wide, subterminal on ascending lobes; margin crenate or with well-developed squamules, eciliate; disc brown to dark brown, often white-pruinose. Ascospores Polyblastidia -type, ellipsoidal, with 2–3 small sporoblastidia, 30–45 × 17–22 µm. Pycnidia not seen.

Chemistry: Cortex K+ yellow, C–, KC–, P+ yellow; medulla K+ yellow then red, C–, P+ orange; orange pigment on lower surface K+ violet; containing atranorin (major), zeorin (major), japonene (major), 7- chloroemodin (minor) and dissectic acid (minor).

Distribution and habitat:—Rare on branches and bark of trees ( Adenanthera pavonina is reported) in hill evergreen forest and lower montane scrub from 1210 to 1470 m above sea level; also in Asia, Africa and South America.

THE LICHEN FAMILY PHYSCIACEAE IN THAILAND —II

Phytotaxa 235 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 51

Remarks: — This species might be confused with H. flabellata , but differs by having a comosa -like growth form and in containing dissectic acid and japonene (rather than 16β-acetoxyhopane-6α,22- diol as a major terpene).

Material from Thailand examined:— Nan: Doi Phu Kha, area of view point at Doi Phu Kha , in hill evergreen forest, on bark of Toona ciliata , 1470 m, 19°18'13'' N, 101°09'55'' E, 10 May 2006, S . Meesim RU-DK 27, ( RAMK 21425 ) ; Loei: Na Haeo National Park , area of check point 1, in hill evergreen forest, on Adenanthera pavonina ,

52 • Phytotaxa 235 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press

MONGKOLSUK ET AL.

1260 m, 17°30'15'' N, 100°56'25'' E, 12 July 1995, P. Mongkolsuk 4508, ( RAMK 11988 ); ibid., Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, area of Kok Nok Kraba, in lower montane scrub, on bark of unidentified tree , 1490 m, 17°16'49'' N, 101°31'29'' E, 28 August 2005, W . Hongsachart, RU-WD 172, ( RAMK 21197 ); Nakon Ratchasima, Khao Yai National Park , north of the main road no. 3077 from the park's headquarters to Khao Khaeo, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of unidentified tree , 1390 m, 14°21'40'' N, 101°23'35'' E, 21 August 1997, K . Boonpragob et al. RU-8360, ( RAMK 5553 ); Phetchaburi: Kaeng Krachan , along trail Khao Phanoenthung before km 36, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of unidentified tree , 1210 m, 12°53'07'' N, 99°37'53'' E, 12 February 2006, S . Meesim RU-DK 114, ( RAMK 21428 ) .

Figures

FIGURE 12. A. Heterodermia archeri, holotype (scale 5 mm). B. Heterodermia galactophylla, apothecia with ciliate exciple (scale 1 mm). C. Heterodermia hypochraea, holotype (scale 5 mm). D. Heterodermia incana (scale 5 mm). E. Heterodermia podocarpa (scale 1.5 mm). F. Heterodermia stellata, lectotype (scale 1 mm).