Heterodermia podocarpa (Bél.) D.D. Awasthi, Geophytology

Mongkolsuk, Pachara, Meesim, Sanya, Poengsungnoen, Vasun, Buaruang, Kawinnat, Schumm, Felix & Kalb, Klaus, 2015, The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-II. Contributions to the genus Heterodermia sensu lato, Phytotaxa 235 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

7. Heterodermia podocarpa (Bél.) D.D. Awasthi, Geophytology 3: 114 (1973) ( Fig. 12E )

Parmelia podocarpa Bél., Voy. Indes-Orient., Bot. 2, Crypt.: 122, pl. 13, fig. 1 (1834); Anaptychia podocarpa (Bél.) A. Massal., Atti Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. Lett. Arti , ser. 3, 5: 249 (1860). Type:—[MASCARENE ISLANDS]. Île de Bourbon [Réunion] Sainte- Suzanne, sur les troncs pourris des arbres, pl. 13, fig. 1. Epitype (designated here): MASCARENE ISLANDS. Réunion: Plainedes-Palmistes, W-side of village, garden of Gîte rural 104 with Guave shrubs and Casuarina tree, on Psidium guajava , 1100 m, 55°37.1' E, 21°08.0' S, 1 June 2008, v.d. Boom & Sérusiaux 40294 (B!).— Physcia barbifera Nyl., Syn. Lich. 1: 416 (1860); Anaptychia barbifera (Nyl.) Trevis. , Flora 44: 52 (1861); Heterodermia barbifera (Nyl.) Kr.P. Singh, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 21: 221 (1981 [19 February]) [1979]. Type:— PERU. Near Tatanara, on branches of Weinmannia , August 1854, Lechler 2562 (holotype, PC n.v.).

Thallus foliose to subfruticose, forming small rosettes or irregularly spreading, adnate to loosely adnate, 2–5 cm wide. Lobes 0.5–3.0 mm wide, sublinear, convex, irregularly branched, suberect or ascending at the apices, partially imbricate, discrete to contiguous, ciliate, with whitish simple cilia 1–2 mm long scattered along the margins, not mat-forming. Upper surface grayish white or gray, epruinose; soredia and isidia absent. Medulla white. Lower surface ecorticate, arachnoid, ±canaliculate, whitish. Rhizines simple or irregularly branched, whitish, 1–2 mm long. Apothecia common, substipitate to stipitate, 1–5 mm wide, subterminal on ascending lobes; margin crenate or with well-developed squamules, eciliate; disc brown to dark brown, often white-pruinose. Ascospores Polyblastidia - type, ellipsoidal, with 2 or 3 small sporoblastidia, 36–51 × 17–25 µm. Pycnidia common, immersed, then becoming emergent, visible as black dots; conidia bacilliform, 4–5 × 1 µm.

Chemistry: Cortex K+ yellow, C–, KC–, P+ yellow; medulla K+ yellow then red, C–, P+ orange; yellow pigment on lower surface K+ violet; containing atranorin (major), zeorin (major), 6α-acetoxyhopane-16β,22-diol (minor), 6α-acetoxy-16β,22-dihydroxyhopane-25-oic acid (trace), leucotylin (trace), norstictic acid (major), connorstictic acid (minor).

Nomenclature notes: — Moberg & Nash (1999: 9) selected an epitype from Tanzania, Africa. However, TLC studies of this material revealed that it lacks depsidones. This chemistry differs from that commonly accepted for this species and for all six specimens collected from different places in Réunion —all contained norstictic and connorstictic acids as major depsidones. Therefore, we designate a new epitype. Furthermore, we place H. barbifera into synonymy, because all specimens from Réunion exhibit densely branches rhizines which form a mat along the margins, the prime distinguishing character of H. barbifera according to Kurokawa (1962). Only near the tips of the lobes are the rhizines more or less simple. Although we have not seen the type of H. barbifera , we have seen authentic material from Peru which was identified by Kurokawa.

Distribution and habitat:—Very rare on bark of trees ( Castanopsis and Acer pseudoplatanus are reported) in lower montane rainforest and lower montane scrub from 1125 to 1475 m above sea level; also in Asia, Australia, North, Central and South America and Africa.

Remarks: — characterized by the ascending or suberect lobes, the subterminal, substipitate or stipitate apothecia, eciliate apothecial margins, the white, ecorticate lower surface, ascospores with sporoblastidia, the presence of norstictic acid and the lack of japonene.

Material from Thailand examined:— Phitsanulok: Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, area at air raid shelter, in lower montane rainforest on bark of Castanopsis sp. , 1125 m, 16°59'27'' N, 100°00'45'' E, 6 June 2003, P. Mongkolsuk RU-PM 194, ( RAMK 21443); ibid., P. Mongkolsuk RU-PM 204, ( RAMK 21445); Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, Forest protection unit office, Lon Tae substation, in lower montane scrub forest, on bark of Acer pseudoplatanus , 1263 m, 17°14'18'' N, 101°33'19'' E, 12 November 2009, S. Meesim & K. Buaruang RU-MSPL 651, ( RAMK 21146); ibid., S. Meesim & K. Buaruang RU-MSPL 648, ( RAMK 21144); Loei: Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, area of Kok Nok Kraba along trail to channel 7, in lower montane scrub, on bark of Castanopsis sp. ,

54 • Phytotaxa 235 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press

MONGKOLSUK ET AL.

1470 m, 17°16'49'' N, 101°31'29'' E, 30 August 2005, W . Hongsachart WD 194, ( RAMK 21205 ); Loei: Phuluang Wildlife Sanctuary, walking trail to Pa Chang Parn , in lower montane scrub, on bark of unidentified tree , 1475 m, 17°16'51'' N, 101°31'10'' E, 24 June 2008, S . Meesim & K . Buaruang, RU-MS 14.4, ( RAMK 21002 ) .

Figures

FIGURE 12. A. Heterodermia archeri, holotype (scale 5 mm). B. Heterodermia galactophylla, apothecia with ciliate exciple (scale 1 mm). C. Heterodermia hypochraea, holotype (scale 5 mm). D. Heterodermia incana (scale 5 mm). E. Heterodermia podocarpa (scale 1.5 mm). F. Heterodermia stellata, lectotype (scale 1 mm).