Lasioglossum (Dialictus) profundum, Gardner & Gibbs, 2023

Gardner, Joel & Gibbs, Jason, 2023, Revision of the Nearctic species of the Lasioglossum (Dialictus) gemmatum species complex (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 858 (1), pp. 1-222 : 134-142

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) profundum sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:733EE382-5F27-440B-A179-DE2D0A166E65

Figs 48–50 , 76L , 81A , 82A

Diagnosis

Females of L. profundum sp. nov. have the tegula very small (maximum length <45% ITS and barely reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view if at all), dark brown, with inner posterior margin straight, and impunctate except on far anterior margin; mesoscutum coarsely punctate (punctures as large as on mesepisternum, but sparser medially (IS = 1–2 PD)); mesoscutum and mesepisternum usually dull, tessellate to imbricate (mesoscutum sometimes shiny posteriorly); metapostnotum shiny with strong, coarse rugae; T1–T3 apical rims finely punctate; T2–T3 with tomentum covering half or more length of segment laterally; and mesoscutum with dense erect pubescence (each seta less than its length from the one nearest it and no gaps more than 0.5 OD wide visible in lateral view) and short intervening setae 0.25 OD long or more.

Females of L. profundum sp. nov. are most similar to those of L. deludens sp. nov. and L. rufodeludens sp. nov. See the diagnosis for L. deludens for a comparative diagnosis between these three species. They are also somewhat similar to those of L. holzenthali sp. nov. and L. perparvum , both of which have the tegula with at least some fine punctures medially and T2–T3 with tomentum covering less than half length of segment laterally. In addition, females of L. holzenthali have the T1–T3 apical rims with larger and deeper punctures. Females of L. perparvum have the mesoscutum with sparse erect pubescence (each seta about its length from the one nearest it and some gaps more than 0.5 OD wide visible in lateral view) and very short intervening setae no more than stubble, mesoscutum more finely punctate, and metapostnotum dull with fine rugae.

Males of L. profundum sp. nov. have the tegula relatively small (maximum length less than half ITS and not reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view), dark brown, with inner posterior margin weakly concave and a blunt posterior angle, and impunctate except on far anterior margin and sometimes a few punctures on posterior margin; mesoscutum shiny and usually coarsely, moderately densely punctate (IS = 1–2 PD); metapostnotum usually shiny with strong subparallel rugae; face with dense tomentum up to eye emargination and slightly above; mesoscutum with dense erect pubescence (no gaps more than 0.5 OD visible in lateral view); and head and mesosoma usually deep blue.

Males of L. profundum sp. nov. are most similar to those of L. deludens sp. nov. and L. rufodeludens sp. nov. See the diagnosis for L. deludens for a comparative diagnosis between these three species. They are also somewhat similar to those of L. holzenthali sp. nov. and L. perparvum , both of which have the face with dense tomentum limited to paraocular area and tegula usually punctate medially (rarely may be impunctate in L. holzenthali ). In addition, males of L. holzenthali have the T1–T3 apical rims deeply and distinctly punctate. Males of L. perparvum have the mesoscutum with sparse erect pubescence (some gaps more than 0.5 OD visible in lateral view) and metapostnotum dull with fine rugae.

Etymology

The specific epithet ʻ profundum ʼ is a Latin adjective meaning ʻdeepʼ or ʻprofoundʼ. It is a reference to this species’ deep blue and brown colouration, deep punctures, and its abundance near the deep caves at Carlsbad Caverns National Park. An appropriate translation would be the deep sweat bee.

Material examined

Holotype UNITED STATES – Texas • ♀; Brewster Co.; 29.1532° N, 103.1095° W; 30 Apr.; H.W. Ikerd leg.; BBSL USGS-DRO 009757 .

[Verbatim label: USGS / DRO / 009757 / USA Texas / Brewster Co. / 29.1532N 103.1095 / 30 Apr- / HW Ikerd 837 // DIAL 1409E02 // HOLOTYPE / Lasioglossum (Dialictus) profundum Gardner and Gibbs ]

Paratypes

MEXICO – Chihuahua • 1 ♀; 44 km E of Parral ; [26.93° N, 105.22° W]; 21 Aug. 1991; N. Pember leg.; SEMC SM0343012 • 1 ♀; 83 km N of Chihuahua ; [29.38° N, 106.07° W]; 29Aug. 1991; Jerome G. Rozen leg.; SEMC SM0313020 . – Coahuila • 1 ♀; 18 km S of Cuatrociénegas ; 26.867° N, 102.133° W; elev. 920 m; 27 Mar. 1992; Douglas Yanega leg.; ex Chamaesaracha crenata ; SEMC SM0313029 • 1 ♀; 55 km E of Parras de la Fuente ; 25.3167° N, 101.7333° W; elev. 1960 m; 31 Mar. 1992; B. Alexander leg.; ex Lesquerella argyraea ; SEMC SM0342995 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 1Apr. 1992; R. W. Brooks leg.; ex Dalea radicans ; SEMC SM0342998 • 1 ♀; Muralla Pass ; [26.33° N, 101.37° W]; 10 Jul. 1965; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1396192 . – Nuevo León • 1 ♀; 4.2 km S of Iturbide ; [24.7° N, 99.92° W]; 23 Mar. 1991; R. W. Brooks, R. Leschen leg.; ex yellow poppy; SEMC • 1 ♀; Galeana, El Potosí ; [24.89° N, 100.23° W]; elev. 3055 m; 22 Jun. 2013; Liliana Ramírez Freire, CVM leg.; LRF UANL-APO-145 • 1 ♀; Los Llanos, Galeana ; 24.8089° N, 100.7119° W; elev. 1865 m; 28 Sep. 2013; Liliana Ramírez Freire, CVM leg.; LRF UANL-APO-781 • 2 ♀♀; Pablillo, Galeana ; 24.6119° N, 100.0014° W; elev. 2085 m; 24 Aug. 2014; Liliana Ramírez Freire, CVM leg.; LRF . – Querétaro • 1 ♂; 10 mi. E of San Juan del Rio ; [20.39° N, 99.85° W]; elev. 1981 m; SEMC .

UNITED STATES – New Mexico • 1 ♀; Chaves Co., Bitter Lake NWR, trailer north of HQ; 33.4636° N, 104.4066° W; 20 Jul. 2004; D. Richman leg.; NMSU • 2 ♀♀; Eddy Co., 0.7 km E of Longview Spring ; 32.1007° N, 104.6137° W; elev. 1551 m; 19 Aug. 2010; R. Krauss, Terry L. Griswold leg.; BBSL CAVE22065 , CAVE22081 • 2 ♂♂; Eddy Co., 1.1 km SW by W of Oak Spring ; 32.1743° N, 104.458° W; elev. 1314–1374 m; 25 Aug. 2010; R. Krauss, J.D. Herndon leg.; BBSL CAVE22281 , CAVE22298 • 8 ♀♀; Eddy Co., 1.5 km SSW of Main Cave Entrance ; 32.1638° N, 104.4443° W; elev. 1152 m; 31 Aug. 2010; J.D. Herndon, R. Krauss leg.; BBSL CAVE21899 , CAVE21902 , CAVE21904 , CAVE21905 , CAVE21941 , CAVE21946 , CAVE21961 , CAVE22712 • 4 ♂♂; ibid.; 31 Aug. 2010; J.D. Herndon, R. Krauss leg.; BBSL CAVE21911 , CAVE21916 , CAVE21932 , CAVE21938 • 2 ♀♀; Eddy Co., 1.7 km E by S of Chimney Cave ; 32.1638° N, 104.4443° W; elev. 1152 m; 12 May 2010; Terry L. Griswold, J.D. Herndon leg.; BBSL CAVE9369 , CAVE9683 • 2 ♀♀; Eddy Co., 1.9 km SSW of Main Cave Entrance ; 32.1615° N, 104.4494° W; elev. 1161 m; 17 Aug. 2010; J.D. Herndon leg.; BBSL CAVE21816 , CAVE21821 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 31 Aug. 2010; R. Krauss, J.D. Herndon leg.; BBSL CAVE21471 • 1 ♀; Eddy Co., 2.2 km E of Chimney Cave ; 32.1669° N, 104.4392° W; elev. 1159 m; 21 Jun. 2010; J.D. Herndon, A. Druk leg.; BBSL CAVE3175 • 25 ♂♂; Eddy Co., 22 mi. SW of Carlsbad ; [32.2° N, 104.5° W]; 21 May 1969; D.J. Brothers, Krueger, Charles D. Michener leg.; ex Lepidium integrifolium ; SEMC • 2 ♂♂; ibid.; 21 May 1969; D.J. Brothers, Krueger, Charles D. Michener leg.; ex Sphaeralcea ; SEMC • 1 ♂; Eddy Co., 3 mi. S of Artesia ; [32.8° N, 104.4° W]; 20 May 1969; D.J. Brothers, Krueger, Charles D. Michener leg.; ex Chamaesaracha conioides ; SEMC • 2 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂; Eddy Co., Carlsbad ; [34.42° N, 104.23° W]; 20 May 1969; D.J. Brothers, Krueger, Charles D. Michener leg.; ex Lepidium integrifolium ; SEMC • 5 ♀♀; Eddy Co., Lowe Ranch ; 32.1744° N, 104.4989° W; elev. 1382 m; 1 Jun. 2010; J.D. Herndon, A. Druk leg.; BBSL CAVE10540 , CAVE10567 , CAVE10592 , CAVE10600 , CAVE10604 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 1 Jun. 2010; J.D. Herndon, A. Druk leg.; BBSL CAVE10526 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 7 Jul. 2010; A. Druk, J.D. Herndon leg.; BBSL CAVE7929 • 2 ♀♀; ibid.; 23 Aug. 2010; J.D. Herndon leg.; BBSL CAVE22640 , CAVE22651 • 5 ♀♀; Eddy Co., Rattlesnake Springs ; 32.1095° N, 104.4716° W; elev. 1115 m; 19 May 2010; J.D. Herndon, A. Druk leg.; BBSL CAVE10756 , CAVE10773 , CAVE10802 , CAVE10860 , CAVE10863 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 18 Jun. 2010; J.D. Herndon leg.; BBSL CAVE6420 • 1 ♂; Eddy Co., Slaughter Canyon , 0.4 km NE by N of Slaughter Cave; 32.1152° N, 104.5681° W; elev. 1324 m; 13 Aug. 2010; J.D. Herndon leg.; BBSL CAVE19682 • 1 ♀; Eddy Co., Slaughter Canyon , 0.7 km WSW of Rainbow Cave; 32.1152° N, 104.5681° W; elev. 1324 m; 17 May 2010; Terry L. Griswold, J.D. Herndon, A. Druk leg.; BBSL CAVE9579 • 3 ♀♀; Eddy Co., Slaughter Canyon , parking lot; 32.1104° N, 104.5624° W; elev. 1324 m; 2 Jun. 2010; J.D. Herndon, A. Druk leg.; BBSL CAVE10632 , CAVE10649 , CAVE10666 • 1 ♂; Eddy Co., Slaughter Canyon , parking lot, 0.4 km N along trail; 32.1131° N, 104.5643° W; elev. 1290 m; 5 May 2010; J.D. Herndon leg.; ex Fallugia paradoxa ; BBSL CAVE26004 • 2 ♀♀; Eddy Co., Walnut Canyon, Whites City ; 32.1781° N, 104.3819° W; elev. 1211 m; 28 Jul. 2010; J.D. Herndon leg.; BBSL CAVE22666 , CAVE22668 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 28 Jul. 2010; J.D. Herndon leg.; BBSL CAVE22670 • 1 ♀; Eddy Co., Yucca Canyon, Yucca Trail Head ; 32.0982° N, 104.5871° W; elev. 1395 m; 28 Apr. 2010; J.D. Herndon, A. Druk leg.; BBSL CAVE9712 • 3 ♀♀; ibid.; 19Aug. 2010; R. Krauss, Terry L. Griswold leg.; BBSL CAVE21859 , CAVE21882 , CAVE21886 • 1 ♂; Hidalgo Co., 20.3 mi. S of Animas ; 31.6619° N, 108.8378° W; elev. 1479 m; 20 Sep. 1999; Charles D. Michener leg.; ex Heterotheca psammophila ; SEMC SM0149449 • 1 ♀; Socorro Co., Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge ; [34.3° N, 106.8° W]; 15–29 Jul. 2003; Karen Wetherill leg.; TAMU • 1 ♀; Socorro Co., Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge ; 34.3325° N, 106.6328° W; 17 Jun.–1 Jul. 2010; Karen Wetherill leg.; TAMU • 1 ♀; Socorro Co., Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge ; 34.335° N, 106.7219° W; 15–29 Jul. 2010; Karen Wetherill leg.; TAMU • 6 ♀♀; ibid.; 10–24 Jul. 2014; Karen W. Wright leg.; TAMU • 1 ♀; Socorro Co., Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge ; 34.3431° N, 106.7417° W; 12–26 Jun. 2014; Karen W. Wright leg.; TAMU • 1 ♀; ibid.; 13–27 Jun. 2015; Karen W. Wright leg.; TAMU . – Texas • 1 ♀; Bandera Co., Lost Maples State Park ; [29.82° N, 99.58° W]; 27 Apr. 1986; P.W. Kovarik, K. Haack leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1416734 • 7 ♂♂; ibid.; 27 Apr. 1986; P.W. Kovarik, K. Haack leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1314010, X1316280, X1362315, X1385981, X1387307, X1418242, X1422921 • 1 ♀; Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park ; [29.3° N, 103.2° W]; 11 Jul. 1937; Rollin H. Baker leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1388812 • 1 ♀, 2 ♂♂; Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Government Spring ; [29.34° N, 103.256° W]; elev. 1200 m; 13 Apr. 1986; Terry L. Griswold leg.; BBSL • 1 ♀; Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Government Spring ; [29.34° N, 103.256° W]; 5 Jul. 1986; Heraty leg.; ex scrub cottonwood; TAMU-ENTO X1414321 • 4 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂; Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Mule Ears Overlook ; [29.166° N, 103.436° W]; elev. 860 m; 15 Apr. 1986; Terry L. Griswold leg.; BBSL • 2 ♀♀; Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, North Rosillos Mountains ; 29.5661° N, 103.2567° W; 17–21 Mar. 1992; R. A. Wharton, J.B. Woolley leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1315317, X1408760 • 1 ♂; Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park , North Rosillos Mountains, Alamo Springs; [29.6° N, 103.3° W]; 10–21 Jul. 1991; R. Vogtsberger leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1417434 • 1 ♀; Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, North Rosillos Mountains , Butrill Spring & Lodge ; [29.56° N, 103.29° W]; 14–17 Jun. 1991; R. A. Wharton leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1388434 • 1 ♂; Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, North Rosillos Mountains , nr. Buttrill Spring ; [29.56° N, 103.29° W]; 23–25 Apr. 1991; G. Zolnerowich leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1361553 • 1 ♀; Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Canyon ; [29.275° N, 103.32° W]; elev. 1400–1520 m; 11 Apr. 1986; R. T. Griswold leg.; BBSL • 1 ♂; Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Wasp Spring ; [29.3° N, 103.4° W]; elev. 925 m; 15 Apr. 1986; Terry L. Griswold leg.; ex Acacia greggii ; BBSL • 1 ♀; Brewster Co., Calamity Creek Road, 25 km S of Alpine; [30.14° N, 103.63° W]; 29 Apr. 2003; Laurence Packer, Fraser leg.; BBSL • 1 ♀; Brewster Co., The Post , 6 mi. SW of Marathon; [30.16° N, 103.3° W]; 10 Aug. 1969; Veryl V. Board, Hafernik leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1393532 • 35 ♀♀; Brewster Co.; 29.1532° N, 103.1095° W; 30 Apr.; H.W. Ikerd leg.; BBSL USGS-DRO 009535 , USGS-DRO 009536 , USGS-DRO 009538 , USGS-DRO 009542 , USGS-DRO 009553 , USGS-DRO 009555 , USGS-DRO 009556 , USGS-DRO 009558 , USGS-DRO 009560 , USGS-DRO 009621 , USGS-DRO 009623 , USGS-DRO 009624 , USGS-DRO 009625 , USGS-DRO 009640 , USGS-DRO 009648 , USGS-DRO 009650 , USGS-DRO 009653 , USGS-DRO 009661 , USGS-DRO 009665 , USGS-DRO 009666 , USGS-DRO 009667 , USGS-DRO 009669 , USGS-DRO 009670 , USGS-DRO 009681 , USGS-DRO 009703 , USGS-DRO 009706 , USGS-DRO 009737 , USGS-DRO 009808 , USGS-DRO 009811 , USGS-DRO 009812 , USGS-DRO 009816 , USGS-DRO 009817 , USGS-DRO 009821 , USGS-DRO 009923 , USGS-DRO 009947 • 1 ♀; Brewster Co.; 29.3072° N, 103.4782° W; 29 Apr.; H.W. Ikerd leg.; BBSL USGS-DRO 004267 • 1 ♀; Brewster Co.; 29.3469° N, 103.3081° W; 29 Apr.; H.W. Ikerd leg.; BBSL USGS-DRO 004256 • 1 ♂; Burnet Co., Inks Lake State Park ; [30.73° N, 98.36° W]; 2 May 1987; J.B. Woolley leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1395402 • 1 ♀; Culberson Co., Choza Spring, Guadalupe Mountains National Park ; [31.906° N, 104.786° W]; elev. 1610 m; 8 Apr. 1986; R. T. Griswold leg.; BBSL240379 • 1 ♂; Edwards Co., 10 mi. NE of Rocksprings ; [30.12° N, 100.09° W]; 6 Aug. 1982; J.C. Schaffner leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1391743 • 14 ♀♀; Edwards Co., 23 mi. W of Rocksprings ; [30.02° N, 100.59° W]; 6 Aug. 1982; J.C. Schaffner leg.; ex Rhus sp. ; TAMU-ENTO X1361854, X1392434, X1393384, X1393451, X1395218, X1395826, X1396020, X1396202, X1396226, X1397400, X1397419, X1397449, X1397457, X1397581 • 10 ♂♂; ibid.; 6 Aug. 1982; J.C. Schaffner leg.; ex Rhus sp. ; TAMU-ENTO X1361856 , X1393279 , X1393538 , X1395794 , X1395820 , X1396242 , X1397410 , X1397490 , X1397493 , X1397577 • 1 ♀; El Paso Co., Franklin Mountains State Park, McKelligon Canyon Park ; [31.84° N, 106.485° W]; 15–30 Jul. 2005; N. Brown leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1362588 • 1 ♀; Jeff Davis Co., 11.3 mi. W of SR 17 on SR 166, Davis Mountains Scenic Loop; [30.541° N, 104.1° W]; 21 Aug. 1974; H. Greenbaum leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1399812 • 2 ♀♀; Jeff Davis Co., 18 mi. S of Kent ; [30.81° N, 104.22° W]; 30 May 1999; Laurence Packer leg.; PCYU • 1 ♀; Jeff Davis Co., 20 km S of Kent ; [30.89° N, 104.22° W]; 30 Apr. 2003; Laurence Packer, Fraser leg.; ex Nama ; PCYU • 2 ♀♀; ibid.; 30 Apr. 2003; Laurence Packer, Fraser leg.; PCYU • 1 ♀; Jeff Davis Co., 20 mi. S of Kent ; [30.89° N, 104.22° W]; 15 Aug. 1965; J.C. Schaffner leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1393259 • 1 ♂; Jeff Davis Co., 9 mi. SE of Fort Davis ; [30.5° N, 103.79° W]; 23 Aug. 1967; R. C. Gardner, C. R. Kovacic leg.; UCDC • 1 ♂; Jeff Davis Co., Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute ; [30.54° N, 103.84° W]; 29 Apr. 2003; Laurence Packer, Fraser leg.; PCYU • 1 ♀; Jeff Davis Co., H.O. Canyon, Davis Mountains ; [30.592° N, 104.373° W]; elev. 1890 m; 5 Jul. 1968; J.E. Hafernik leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1392413 • 2 ♀♀; Jeff Davis Co., Madera Canyon, Texas Highway 118; 30.7061° N, 104.1042° W; 17–19 Oct. 2014; B. Hays leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1361891, X1364140 • 1 ♂; Potter Co., Bushland ; [35.19° N, 102.06° W]; 17–24 Jul. 1983; T. J. Kring leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1397481 • 1 ♂; Presidio Co., 10 mi. S of Marfa ; [30.16° N, 104.02° W]; 9Aug. 1982; J.C. Schaffner leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1370498 • 1 ♂; Presidio Co., Big Bend Ranch SNA, 2.5 mi. W of La Sauceda; [29.47° N, 104° W]; 7–9 Aug. 1991; J.B. Woolley, G. Zolnerowich leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1315431 • 8 ♀♀; Presidio Co., Big Bend State Natural Area, Agua Adentro; [29.48° N, 104.04° W]; 18–23 Jun. 1990; D. Judd leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1370725, X1370868, X1415373, X1416792, X1417898, X1418101, X1418960, X1422251 • 2 ♀♀; Reeves Co., TAMU Research Station at Pecos ; [31.37° N, 103.62° W]; 17 Aug. 1976; S.J. Merritt leg.; ex Solanum sp. ; TAMU-ENTO X1365251, X1400265 • 1 ♀; Starr Co., Falcon State Park ; [26.58° N, 99.14° W]; 19 Jun. 1969; Veryl V. Board leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1393343 • 1 ♀; Val Verde Co., 8 miles west of Carta Valley ; [29.79° N, 100.81° W]; 5 May 1997; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1395825 • 1 ♂; 10 miles NE of Marathon ; [30.31° N, 103.13° W]; 28 Jul. 1986; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1409646 • 1 ♀; 10 miles south of Marathon ; [30.06° N, 103.25° W]; 28 Jul. 1986; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1410909 • 1 ♂; 16 miles east of Sonora ; [30.57° N, 100.38° W]; 28 Jul. 1986; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1388594 • 2 ♂♂; 20 miles south of Fort Stockton ; [30.6° N, 102.88° W]; 28 Jul. 1986; W.F. Chamberlain leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1388593 , X1408050 .

Description

Female

COLOURATION. Head and mesosoma blue to blue-green; clypeus apex black; labrum black; mandible orange with black base and red apex; flagellum dark reddish brown dorsally, light brown ventrally. Pronotal lobe black; legs reddish brown; tegula dark brown; wing membrane hyaline, veins with subcosta dark brown, otherwise brown to light brown. Metasoma black with rims of terga and sterna narrowly translucent yellow.

PUBESCENCE. Body pile colour white. Tomentum dense on paraocular area, gena anteriorly, pronotal collar and lobe, space between pronotal lobe and tegula, and T2–T3 basolaterally; sparse on T4 throughout. Mesoscutum pubescence thin to moderately plumose. Wing setae dark, short and dense. Acarinarial fan complete, dense. T2 fringes sparse, T3 fringes sparse.

SURFACE SCULPTURE. Clypeus shiny, with punctures dense in basal third (IS <1 PD), large and irregularly spaced apically (IS <2 PD); supraclypeal area shiny, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD); paraocular area imbricate around antenna socket, otherwise shiny, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD), slightly sparser around antenna socket (IS ≤ 1 PD); frons shiny, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); vertex shiny, with punctures dense laterally (IS <1 PD), sparse medially (IS = 1–3 PD); gena shiny, with punctures dense (IS <1.5 PD); postgena shiny, becoming imbricate posteriorly. Tegula punctures absent; mesoscutum tessellate, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD), becoming moderately sparse submedially and anteromedially (IS = 1–2 PD); scutellum tessellate, with punctures dense marginally and on median line (IS <1 PD), moderately sparse submedially (IS = 1–2 PD); metapostnotum weakly imbricate, becoming tessellate posteriorly, with rugae strong, anastomosing, reaching posterior margin; preëpisternum imbricate with crowded punctures (IS = 0 PD); hypoepimeron imbricate, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD); mesepisternum imbricate, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD), becoming crowded medially (IS = 0 PD); metepisternum finely ruguloso-lineate dorsally, ruguloso-punctate ventrally; propodeum lateral surface tessellate, posterior surface tessellate. T1 anterior slope coriarious, disc weakly coriarious, with punctures moderately dense (IS = 1–2 PD), minute and sparse on rim laterally (IS = 1–4 PD), absent in large subapicolateral boss and on rim medially; T2 disc shiny, with punctures moderately dense (IS = 1–2 PD), apical rim weakly coriarious, with punctures minute, sparse (IS = 1–4 PD).

STRUCTURE. Face length/width ratio 0.82 (± 0.01 SD); clypeus apicolateral denticles low rounded knobs; gena/eye width ratio 0.86 (±0.13 SD). Pronotal angle slightly obtuse, nearly right-angled; intertegular span 0.91 (± 0.05 SD) mm; mesoscutum length/width ratio 0.85 (± 0.03 SD); mesoscutum/scutellum length ratio 2.82 (± 0.11 SD); scutellum/metanotum length ratio 1.68 (± 0.15 SD); metanotum/metapostnotum length ratio 0.8 (± 0.06 SD); forewing with 3 submarginal cells; tegula enlarged, nearly reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum; inner margin straight; tegula length 0.36 (±0.02 SD) mm, width 0.21 (± 0.01 SD) mm; propodeum lateral carinae not reaching dorsal margin; oblique carina strong, straight. T2 depressed apical rim less than 50% of tergum. (n = 10)

VARIATION. The labrum and flagellum ventral surface can vary from black to orange, the mesoscutum posterior half can vary from strongly tessellate to shiny, and the T1 anterior slope can vary from coriarious to shiny.

Male

COLOURATION. Head and mesosoma blue to blue-green; clypeus apex black; labrum black; mandible orange with black base and red apex; flagellum dark reddish brown dorsally, orange ventrally. Pronotal lobe black; legs black to dark reddish brown; tegula dark brown; wing membrane hyaline, veins with subcosta dark brown, otherwise brown to light brown. Metasoma black with depressed apical rims of terga and sterna and downcurved lateral areas of terga broadly translucent reddish brown.

PUBESCENCE. Body pile colour white. Tomentum moderately dense on face below eye emargination, gena, pronotal angle and lobe, and space between pronotal lobe and tegula; sparse on preëpisternum and metepisternum. Mesoscutum pubescence simple to moderately plumose. Wing setae dark and light intermixed, short and dense. Sterna pubescence short (0.5–1.5 OD), moderately plumose, sparse.

SURFACE SCULPTURE. Clypeus shiny, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD); supraclypeal area shiny, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD); paraocular area shiny, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); frons reticulate, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); vertex shiny, with punctures dense laterally (IS <1 PD), moderately dense medially (IS = 1–2 PD); gena shiny, with punctures fine, dense (IS ≤ 1 PD), obscure; postgena shiny to weakly imbricate-lineate. Tegula punctures absent; mesoscutum shiny, becoming weakly tessellate anteromedially, with punctures moderately dense (IS = 1–2 PD), becoming dense on lateral and posterior margins (IS <1 PD); scutellum shiny, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD); metanotum shiny and densely punctate (IS <1 PD); metapostnotum shiny to tessellate, with rugae strong, subparallel, nearly reaching posterior margin; preëpisternum areolate; hypoepimeron areolate, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); mesepisternum shiny, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); metepisternum areolate, becoming smooth dorsally; propodeum lateral surface shiny, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD), posterior surface shiny and moderately densely punctate (IS = 1–2 PD), becoming crowded laterally (IS = 0 PD). T1 anterior slope shiny, disc shiny, with punctures dense (IS ≤1.5 PD), becoming sparse in small subapicolateral boss (IS = 1–4 PD) and absent on rim medially; T2 disc shiny, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD), apical rim shiny, with punctures absent.

STRUCTURE. Face length/width ratio 0.86 (±0.01 SD); gena/eye width ratio 0.74 (± 0.07 SD). Pronotal angle obtuse; intertegular span 0.8 (± 0.11 SD) mm; mesoscutum length/width ratio 0.89 (± 0.03 SD); mesoscutum/scutellum length ratio 2.82 (± 0.08 SD); scutellum/metanotum length ratio 1.85 (± 0.15 SD); metanotum/metapostnotum length ratio 0.73 (± 0.08 SD); forewing with 3 submarginal cells; tegula enlarged, nearly reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view; inner posterior margin weakly concave; tegula length 0.36 (± 0.05 SD) mm, width 0.2 (± 0.03 SD) mm; propodeum lateral carinae not reaching dorsal margin; oblique carina absent. (n = 10)

GENITALIA. As in Fig. 76L . Gonocoxite about 1.8 times as broad as gonostylus. Gonostylus boot-shaped, strongly concave on outer margin and sharply angled at inner basal margin, with sparse long setae dorsally and short setae apically and along inner margin. Penis valves convergent apically, widely separated basally, with sparse short setae laterally. Retrorse lobe truncate apically, about 2.5 times as long as broad.

VARIATION. The mesoscutum punctures can vary from large and dense (IS <1 PD) to fine and sparse (IS = 1–3 PD), the metapostnotal rugae can vary from parallel to anastomosing, the propodeum lateral face can vary from distinctly punctate to almost rugulose, and the apical rims of T1–T3 can be entirely impunctate or with a few moderately sparse punctures near the premarginal line (IS = 1–2 PD).

Range

Chihuahuan Desert ( Fig. 50 ).

Floral hosts

ANACARDIACEAE : Rhus • BORAGINACEAE : Nama • BRASSICACEAE : Lepidium : L. integrifolium • Physaria : P. argyraea (A.Gray) O’Kane & Al-Shehbaz • FABACEAE : Acacia : A. greggii • Dalea L.: D. radicans S.Watson • ROSACEAE : Fallugia Endl. : F. paradoxa (D.Don) Endl. ex Torr. • SOLANACEAE : Chamaesaracha : C. crenata Rydb. • Solanum .

DNA barcodes

Five confirmed sequences available (BOLD process IDs: DLII048-06, DLII1120-07, DLII1699-09, DLIII115-18, LASNA048-08). There is a small amount of divergence within these sequences (0.16% maximum intraspecific p-distance). They are closest in terms of p-distance to L. tegulare (0.76% minimum interspecific p-distance). No fixed nucleotide substitutions distinguish L. profundum sp. nov. from all other species of the L. gemmatum complex, but one fixed nucleotide substitution distinguishes it from the closely related L. puteulanum and L. tegulare : 390(T) (Supp. file 2).

Figures

Fig. 48. Lasioglossum (D.) profundum sp. nov., ♀, holotype (BBSL USGS-DRO 009757). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Lateral habitus. C. Face. D. Metasoma and propodeum. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 49. Lasioglossum (D.) profundum sp. nov., ♂ (CAVE19682). A. Lateral habitus. B. Dorsal habitus. C. Face. D. Metasoma and propodeum. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 50. Georeferenced collection records of Lasioglossum (D.) profundum sp. nov. (black squares) and predicted distribution by maximum entropy ecological niche modelling in Maxent (colour shading). Warmer colours indicate higher cloglog probability of occurrence.

Fig. 76. Male genitalia illustrated in dorsal view and positioned such that the gonostylus is parallel to the plane of vision. Retrorse lobes are also illustrated separately to the bottom left of each figure in lateral view, positioned parallel to the plane of vision. A. Lasioglossum (D.) angelicum sp. nov.B. L. (D.) coactus (Cresson, 1872). C. L. (D.) deludens sp. nov. D. L. (D.) diabolicum sp. nov.E. L. (D.) gaudiale (Sandhouse, 1924). F. L. (D.) gloriosum sp. nov. (the retrorse lobe was not visible for illustration). G. L. (D.) helianthi (Cockerell, 1916). H. L. (D.) holzenthali sp. nov. I. L. (D.) indagator sp. nov. J. L. (D.) magnitegula sp. nov. K. L. (D.) perparvum (Ellis, 1914). L. L. (D.) profoundum sp. nov. M. L. (D.) pseudotegulare (Cockerell, 1896). N. L. (D.) rufodeludens sp. nov. This genital capsule was damaged during dissection and some details may be slightly distorted.O. L. (D.) stictaspis (Sandhouse, 1923) (holotype) (reproduced from Gardner & Gibbs 2022). P. L. (D.) tegulariforme (Crawford, 1907) (reproduced from Gardner & Gibbs 2022). Scale bars = 0.25 mm.

Fig. 81. Tegula.A. Lasioglossum profundum sp. nov., ♀, impunctate. B. L. holzenthali sp. nov., ♀, sparsely punctate. C. L. stictaspis (Sandhouse, 1923), ♀, densely punctate. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.

Fig. 82. Ventral surface of head showing postgena. A. Lasioglossum profundum sp. nov., ♀, smooth and shiny. B. L. coactus (Cresson, 1872), ♀, dull and lineolate. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.