Monacha (Paratheba) roseni ( Hesse, 1914 )

Hausdorf, Bernhard, 2000, genus Monacha in the Western Caucasus Gastropoda: Hygromiidae), Journal of Natural History 34, pp. 1575-1594 : 1583-1584

Monacha (Paratheba) roseni ( Hesse, 1914)

(®gures 3, 12, 17)

Helix (Carthusiana) carascaloides, O. Boettger 1884: 149 [partim, non Bourguignat, 1855].

Helix carascaloides, Westerlund 1889: 76 [partim, non Bourguignat, 1855].

Helix carthusiana ± carascaloides [sic], Rosen 1911: 101 [partim, non Bourguignat, 1855].

Helix carthusiana ± carascaloides [sic] f. elevata Rosen, 1911: 102 . Locus typicus:`in der NaÈhe der Eisenbahnstation Ssuworowskaja’, Russia.

Theba orientalis roseni, Hesse 1914: 263 [partim]. Locus typicus (restrictus nov.):`Suvorovka’, Russia.

Helix (Theba) orientalis var. roseni, Retowski 1914: 285 [partim].

Theba (Paratheba) elevata Hesse, 1931: 41 , pl. 6 ®g. 52. Locus typicus:`Suworowka’, Russia.

Monacha (Paratheba) caucasicola, Schileyko 1978: 283 , text-®g. 370±371, pl. 16, ®g. 155 [non Lindholm, 1913].

Monacha tschegemica Schileyko, 1988: 1311 , ®g. 5. Locus typicus:`ushchel’ye r. Chegem, naprotiv s. Khushtosyrt’, Russia.

Shell (®gure 3). Depressed conical±globular; with 4× ±6 convex whorls; teleoconch with wrinkled growth-ridges and Ô distinct incised spiral striae; whitish or light corneous; body whorl rounded; aperture elliptical or almost circular; upper insertion of the peristome usually slightly descending; peristome sharp, hardly expanded, with a whitish internal rib; umbilicus narrow, slightly obscured by the reēcted columellar edge.

Measurements. Middle Bzyb’ valley, above branch towards Gega valley (n 5 30): D: 13.5±17.7 mm, x Å 5 15.8 mm; H: 9.0± 11.5 mm, x Å 5 10.2 mm; D/H: 1.39±1.68, x Å 5 1.55. Summit of the Gora Mamdzyshkha near Gagra, 1974 m alt. (n 5 30): D: 9.8±14.1 mm, x Å 5 12.0 mm; H: 6.6±8.9 mm, x Å 5 8.0 mm; D/H: 1.42±1.62, x Å 5 1.50.

Genitalia (®gure 12). The penial papilla is Ô conical or almost cylindrical. The basal section of the appendicula narrows gradually towards the top. The shorter apical section is slightly expanded. The two glandulae mucosae are slightly rami®ed. The bursa of the bursa copulatrix is oval or Ô rounded triangular. The right ommatophoral retractor crosses with the penial retractor. The measurements of some sections of the genitalia are compiled in table 1 and the variation of the proportions of some sections of the genitalia is compiled in table 2.

Remarks. The umbilicus of M. roseni is wider than the umbilicus of M. (Metatheba) perfrequens (Hesse) , which sometimes occurs sympatrically. The umbilicus of M. roseni is slightly narrower than the umbilicus of M. (Metatheba) subcarthusiana , but it is di cult to distinguish the two species conchologically. Monacha roseni cannot be distinguished from M. (Metatheba) ciscaucasica , sp. n. solely by shell characters. Further remarks see under M. kuznetsovi , sp. n.

Theba orientalis roseni Hesse, 1914 includes at least three species: the specimens from Suvorovskay a (SMF 6606), Yessentuki and Akhali Af ’oni (SMF 69951) belong to M. roseni , the specimen from Sochi ( var. sotschensis ) belongs to M. (Metatheba) subcarthusiana and the specimens from Pyatigorsk (SMF 6605; ZMZ 505714) belong to M. (Metatheba) ciscaucasica , sp. n. The identity of the specimens from Khadyzhenskaya (SMF 69948) and from the Oshten-Fisht mountains (SMF 6607) is unclear. They may belong to M. roseni . The identity of the specimens from Gagra which have not been found in the Hesse collection in Philadelphia (G. Rosenberg, pers. comm.) is also unclear. Hesse (1931: pl. 7 ®g. 56a) ®gured the genitalia of a specimen from Gagra. It belongs to Metatheba , but it does not perfectly ®t any of the Caucasian Metatheba species. The short epiphallus in relation to the penis might indicate that it belongs to M. perfrequens . However, the very short vagina indicates that it might be a M. subcarthusiana . It is very unlikely that Hesse (1914) included specimens of M. perfrequens in M. roseni , because he listed the wider umbilicus as a diagnostic character of M. roseni . Moreover, he stated that the specimens from Gagra belong to a depressed form. These facts indicate that the specimens from Gagra were M. subcarthusiana . However, M. subcarthusiana has not subsequently been found in the surroundings of Gagra.

A syntype from Suvorovskaya (SMF 6606a) is designated as lectotype of Theba orientalis roseni Hesse, 1914 . Thus, the name M. roseni is restricted to the species to which most of the syntypes belong. The name Helix carthusiana ± carascaloides [sic] f. elevata Rosen, 1911 is infrasubspeci®c (Art. 45f (iii) ICZN), but was made available by Hesse (1931).

Distribution and material (®gure 17). Monacha roseni is widespread in the Western Caucasus. It crosses the main ridge of the Caucasus and is known from Northwestern Georgia to the Lagonakskiy Khrebet, Suvorovskaya and the Chegem valley in Ciscaucasia. It lives from sea level to about 2000 m altitude.

Russia. Lagonakskiy Khrebet , EJ78 (det. anat.; ZIRAN) ; Mount Dzhemagat near Teberda, GJ 21 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Teberda , GJ21 ( ZMUM 8458 ) ; valley near the Narsan springs near Teberda ( CLA); Krasnogorskaya, GJ36 ( ZIRAN); Chernyye Gory (5 Pastbishchnyy Khrebet), 1200 m alt., KP87 (det. anat.; CLA; ZIRAN) ; Krasnovostochnyy, KP87 ( CLA); El ¾ brus, LN09 ( Schileyko 1978); Baksan valley , slope above Itkol, LN 09 ( CLA) ; Kislovodsk , LP16 ( CLA; SMF 630 , 71461 ; ZIRAN) ; Alikanovka valley near Kislovodsk, LP16 ( CLA) ; Berezovaya valley near Kislovodsk, LP16 ( CLA) ; Borgustan Khrebet near Kislovodsk, LP17 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Suvorovskaya , LP19 (lectotype of roseni (design. nov.): SMF 6606 a, measurements: D 5 14.3 mm, H5 11.0 mm; paralectotype: SMF 6606 b; SMF 98981) ; Yessentuki , LP27 (det. anat.; ZIRAN; ZMUM 8423 ) ; gorge Shashbavat below Tyrnyauz, LP30 (det. anat.; CLA) ; gorge Chegemskoye Ushchel’ye opposite to Khushto-Syrt, LP51 ( Schileyko 1978) .

Georgia. Rocks at the shore NW of Gagra, EH99 (det. anat.; CLA) ; 5.3 km NW of Gagra , EH99 ( ZIRAN) ; Gantiadi , EJ80 (det. anat.; ZMUM 19101 ) ; Mountain Ferma near Khashupsa, EJ90 ( CLA) ; Pitsunda , FH18 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Bzyb’ valley , Bzyb’ 2 km towards Goluboye Ozero, FH18 (det. anat.; CLA) ; summit of the Gora Mamdzyshkha near Gagra, 1974 m alt., FH19 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Zolotoy Bereg near Gudauta, FH27 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Akhali Af ’oni (5 Novyy Afon 5 Psirsk), FH47 (paralectotypes of roseni: SMF 69951 (also specimens to O. Boettger 1884); SMF 71457 partim; SMF 100045 ; ZIRAN); Akhali Af ’oni, Monastir ( SMF 69944, 100047 ; ZIRAN) ; Akhali Af ’oni, Iberian mountain ( ZIRAN) ; Gumista valley near Sukhumi, FH66 ( CLA) ; between Shroma and Akhalsheni, FH67 (det. anat.; CLA) ; N of Vyshka, S of Gora Arabika , FJ10 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Bzyb’ valley , Goluboye Ozero, FJ 10 (det. anat.; CLA) ; middle Bzyb’ valley (above branch towards Gega valley), FJ20 (det. anat.; CLA) .