Barrowammo, PLATNICK, 2002

PLATNICK, NORMAN I., 2002, A Revision Of The Australasian Ground Spiders Of The Families Ammoxenidae, Cithaeronidae, Gallieniellidae, And Trochanteriidae (Araneae: Gnaphosoidea), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2002 (271), pp. 1-1 : 1-

Barrowammo , new genus

TYPE SPECIES: Barrowammo waldockae , new species.

ETYMOLOGY: The generic name is a contraction of Barrow Island ammoxenid, considered masculine in gender.

DIAGNOSIS: Both males and females lack the dorsal pad of setae on the palpal tarsus that characterizes Austrammo specimens; they also lack the large, club setae on the carapace. Males have a dorsal abdominal scutum and a median apophysis on the palpal bulb that are not found in Austrammo ; females have a rectangular rather than triangular abdomen.

DESCRIPTION: Small ecribellate, entelegyne, gnaphosoid spiders, total length 2.0– 2.2. Carapace oval in dorsal view, widest between coxae II and III, truncated anteriorly, medially invaginated posteriorly, very slightly narrowed at level of palpi, without tubercles, without club setae; cephalic area low, smoothly sloping to longitudinal thoracic groove. From above, anterior eye row slightly recurved, posterior row very slightly procurved; from front, anterior row slightly, posterior row strongly procurved; AME circular, dark, ALE and PLE oval, light; PME flattened, irregularly triangular, light; all eyes subequal in size; AME separated by about their radius, almost touching ALE; PME separated by more than their radius, about as far from PLE; lateral eyes of each side separated by more than their radius; MOQ almost as long as wide in back, wider in back than in front. Clypeal height equal to AME diameter.

Chelicerae without digging adaptations, with narrow lateral boss; fang not enlarged; chilum small, wide, accompanied by second, elongated, posterior chilum (narrow, Ishaped sclerite separating bases of chelicerae posteriorly); promargin with row of unmodified setae but fang furrow apparently without teeth. Endites relatively short, rectangu­ lar, anteriorly convergent, with deep oblique depression; serrula strong, not reduced as in Ammoxenus ; labium slightly wider than long, rebordered; sternum shield­shaped, with weakly sclerotized lateral margins, sparsely coated with dark, recumbent setae, with small sclerotized extensions to but not between coxae; coxae IV separated by almost their width; female palpal femur, patella, and tibia with spines, without large club setae; tarsus not widened at base, gradually narrowed at tip, where dorsal surface lacks pad of setae, tip with at least one greatly thickened, specialized macroseta, claw reduced, apparently to tiny nubbin (fig. 8).

Abdomen not iridescent, thickly coated with strong, dark (but not club) setae except on bare patch above spinnerets; males with distinct, triangular dorsal scutum; six spinnerets, colulus apparently represented only by numerous setae; anterior lateral spinnerets separated by roughly their width, seemingly bisegmented, distal segment apparently with single major ampullate gland spigot and few small piriform gland spigots, posterior medians conical, closely appressed, with flattened median surfaces, apparently with one large and several smaller spigots, slightly advanced anteriorly, where anterior laterals are widely separated; posterior lateral spinnerets bisegmented, distal segment with several small spigots. Tracheal spiracle just in advance of colular setae.

Leg formula 4123; femora, patellae, and tibiae without longitudinal rows of large, club setae. Typical leg spination pattern (only surfaces bearing spines listed: femora: I, II d0­1­1, p0­0­1; III d0­1­1; IV d0­1­1, r0­0­ 1; patellae III, IV p0­0­1, r0­0­1; tibiae: III d1­0­0, p0­1­1, v0­1p­2, r0­0­1; IV d1­0­0, p1­1­1, v1p­1p­2, r0­0­1; metatarsi: III p1­1­ 2, r0­0­2; IV p1­1­2, v0­0­1p, r0­1­2. Tarsi weakly scopulate, not pseudosegmented, with two weak, dentate claws but without claw tufts; trochanters very slightly notched; metatarsi with distal preening brushes; trichobothria not apparent.

Male palpal femur unmodified; tibia with long retrolateral apophysis; bulb relatively flat, with long subtegulum, prolaterally originating embolus, hook­shaped median apophysis, and membranous, retrolateral functional conductor. Epigynum rectangular, with transverse anterior hood, openings situated posteriorly; spermathecae bipartite, with lateral and medially directed ducts.

Barrowammo waldockae , new species

Figures 8 , 32–35 ; Map 2

TYPES: Male holotype, female allotype, and female paratype taken in pitfall traps at Bandicoot Bay, Barrow Island , 20 ° 52 ̍ S, 115 ° 20 ̍ E, Western Australia (Nov. 4–Dec. 3, 1993; M. Harvey, J. Waldock), deposited in WAM (99/387–389) .

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a patronym in honor of Ms. Julianne Waldock of the Western Australian Museum, collector of the holotype and many other important gnaphosoid specimens.

DIAGNOSIS: With the characters of the genus, a triangular retrolateral tibial apophysis that is as long as the tibia itself (fig. 33), and both medial and lateral pairs of epigynal ducts (fig. 35).

MALE: Total length 2.0. Carapace pale yellow except ocular area light brown; abdomen white but dorsum covered with dark gray setae except on bare patch above spinnerets, venter light gray except epigastric area pale yellow; femora light brown, other leg segments light yellow. Leg spination: tibiae: III p1­1­1; IV r0­1­1; metatarsus IV v1p­1p­ 1p. Palpal tibia very short, shorter than patella, retrolateral tibial apophysis long, triangular, wide at base (fig. 33); embolus abruptly constricted at about half its length (fig. 32).

FEMALE: Total length 2.2. Coloration as in male except abdominal venter pale white. Leg spination typical for genus. Epigynum rectangular, with transverse anterior margin, openings situated medially (fig. 34); spermathecae bipartite, attenuated at origin of median and lateral ducts (fig. 35).

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: None.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Barrow Island, off the west coast of Western Australia (map 2).

CITHAERONIDAE SIMON

Cithaeroninae Simon, 1893: 384 (type genus Ci­

thaeron O. P.­Cambridge).

Cithaeronidae : Caporiacco, 1938: 63.

DIAGNOSIS: The presence of long, pseudosegmented tarsi separates cithaeronids from the other lower gnaphosoid families. Cithaeronids lack the elongated fangs of gallieniellids and trochanteriids, and differ from ammoxenids in having a normal, rather than reduced, female palpal claw.

DISCUSSION: Only two genera of cithaeronids are known, Cithaeron and Inthaeron ( Platnick, 1991) . The latter genus is known only from India, but the former ranges widely from West Africa to Singapore, and is here newly recorded from the Northern Territory.

Figures

Map 2. Records of Austrammo rossi, new species (circles), Barrowammo waldockae, new species (square), and Cithaeron praedonius O. P.­ Cambridge (diamonds).

Figs. 3–8. Ammoxenidae, female palpal tarsi, distal view; arrows point to reduced tarsal claws. 3, 4. Ammoxenus psammodromus Simon. 5. Rastellus struthio Platnick and Griffin. 6, 7. Austrammo monteithi, new species. 8. Barrowammo waldockae, new species.

Figs. 32–35. Barrowammo waldockae, new species. 32. Left male palp, ventral view. 33. Same, retrolateral view. 34. Epigynum, ventral view. 35. Same, dorsal view.