Rhytidothorax

Hayat, Mohammad & Kazmi, Sarfrazul Islam, 2011, On some Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Namdapha Tiger Reserve in Arunachal Pradesh, India, Zootaxa 2830, pp. 1-19 : 3-4

Key to world species of Rhytidothorax (females)

[Note: maxillary palp 4-segmented and labial palp 3-segmented unless noted otherwise; other features that are specific to the species and distributions are given between brackets.]

1. Antennal funicle with at least distal three segments (F4–6) quadrate to broader than long............................. 2

- Antennal funicle with all segments longer than broad, rarely F6 quadrate........................................ 13

2(1). Antenna with scape flattened and expanded beneath, not more than 2x as long as broad [maxillary palp 3-segmented, labial palp 2-segmented]..................................................................................... 3

- Scape at most slightly flattened and at least 3x as long as broad................................................. 4

3(2). Pedicel and flagellum dark brown; legs brownish yellow [ Australia]......................... R. aeriscutellum (Girault)

- Pedicel and funicle pale brownish yellow, clava suffused with blackish brown; legs largely dark blackish brown to black [ Swaziland; Zimbabwe]......................................................... R. latiscapus (Prinsloo & Annecke)

4(2). Scape at least slightly flattened with ventral margin usually at least slightly convex, 3– 4 x as long as broad.............. 5

- Scape cylindrical, at least 4.5x as long as broad............................................................. 8

5(4). Antennal torulus less than own height to mouth margin and its upper margin below lower margin of eye................ 6

- Antennal torulus placed higher, at least its own height from mouth margin and its upper margin above lower margin of eye [scape with basal one-third to half dark brown; F6 and clava yellow to white]..................................... 7

6(5). Frontovertex nearly half (0.48x) head width; eye height 2.5x malar space; POL 2.6x OOL and 5.2x OCL; scape about 3x as long as broad; fore wing with marginal vein longer than stigmal and postmarginal veins (1.5: 1.3: 1.0); body dark brown, with head and scutellum metallic green; legs and antennae honey yellow [palp segments unknown; Grenada]... R. hirtus (Howard)

- Frontovertex about one-third (0.31x) head width; eye height 1.71x malar space; POL 4x OOL and 3.42x OCL; scape 3.4x to nearly 4x as long as broad; fore wing with marginal vein slightly longer than stigmal vein, but distinctly shorter than postmarginal vein (0.83: 0.66: 1.0); body nearly black with sides of pronotum, prepectus, mesopleuron, mesoscutum largely, and base and sides of scutellum brownish yellow; scape brownish yellow except apically brown; pedicel and F3 dark brown; F4 yellowish brown, F5 pale brownish yellow, F6 and clava yellow to white; legs brownish yellow except mid coxae dark brown [maxillary palp 3-segmented, labial palp 2-segmented; India]....................................... R. horticola sp. nov.

7(5). Body completely dark brown to black [propodeum about one-third scutellum length; third valvula articulated with second valvifer; India]........................................................................ R. callistus Hayat et al.

- Body dark metallic purple except mesoscutum, propodeum, and sides and venter of mesosoma deep reddish orange [maxillary palp 3-segmented, labial palp 2-segmented; Australia]..................................... R. auratiscutum (Girault)

8(4). F1 subequal in length to pedicel [F6 and clava brownish yellow; legs brownish yellow except coxae dark brown; fore wing with marginal vein distinctly longer than postmarginal or stigmal veins (11: 7: 7); scape 7x as long as broad; body completely dark with blue and purple luster; maxillary palp 3-segmented, labial palp 2-segmented; Argentina].. R. flaviclava (De Santis)

- F1 clearly shorter than pedicel.......................................................................... 9

9(8). Scape at least about 6x as long as broad [body dark brown to black]............................................. 10

- Scape clearly less than 5x as long as broad [legs yellow with mid coxae dark; maxillary palp 3-segmented, labial palp 2-segmented)............................................................................................ 12

10(9). Pedicel about 3x as long as broad; F1 slightly less than 2x as long as broad (7: 4); fore wing with marginal vein as long as stigmal vein [F2–6 quadrate to distinctly broader than long, F2 = 5: 5 and F6 = 4.5: 6.5; USA]........... R. marlatti Ashmead

- Pedicel less than 3x as long as broad; F1quadrate to slightly longer than broad; fore wing with marginal vein distinctly shorter than stigmal vein [last segment of fore tarsus with setae in a comb-like arrangement).............................. 11

11(10). Antennal toruli with upper margins in line with lower margins of eyes; antennal clava with second suture perpendicular and third segment with only apex transversely truncate; fore wing with marginal vein about as long as postmarginal vein; ovipositor 0.92x mid tibia length [ India]................................................ R. pectinatum Singh & Agarwal

- Antennal toruli with upper margins far below lower margins of eyes; clava with second suture oblique and third segment obliquely truncate; fore wing with marginal vein 1.52x as long as postmarginal vein; ovipositor 0.8x mid tibia length [ India].................................................................................... R. namdapha sp. nov.

12(9). Head black except sides of pronotum, mesoscutum, tegula, subbasal region of gaster brownish yellow; scutellum darkened with bluish reflections; antennae brownish yellow; F2–4 quadrate and F5 and F6 broader than long; clava apparently 2-segmented; frontovertex width 0.41x head width [ Argentina]................................. R. flavicornis (De Santis)

- Body completely dark; antennae dark except scape yellowish; F2–F4 each very slightly longer than broad, F5 and F6 quadrate; clava 3-segmented; frontovertex 0.46x head width [ Argentina]............................. R. perhispidus (De Santis)

13(1). F1 clearly less than 3x as long as broad and scape longer than combined length of F1–3; fore wing with postmarginal vein longer than marginal and stigmal veins individually; funicle dark and clava white [maxillary palp 3-segmented, labial palp 2-segmented]............................................................................................ 14

- F1 at least 3x as long as broad and scape at most as long as combined length of F1–3; fore wing with postmarginal vein shorter than either marginal or stigmal veins; funicle with at least F6 and clava white to yellow............................. 15

14(13). Head, pronotum, anterior part of mesoscutum, scutellum, and gaster metallic purple; rest of body orange-yellow [ Australia].............................................................................. R. purpureiscutellum (Girault)

- Body completely dark green [ Australia]...................................................... R. ferus (Girault)

15(13). Fore wing at least slightly more than 3x as long as broad; marginal vein longer than stigmal vein; propodeum 0.4x scutellum length; last segment of fore tarsus with setae in a comb-like arrangement; third valvula distinctly articulated with second valvifer; flagellar segments longer, F1 at least 5x as long as broad; distal half of F5, F6 and clava yellow; fore wing distinctly infuscated beyond venation [ India]........................................................ R. ramakrishnai sp. nov.

- Fore wing 2.5–2.65x as long as broad; marginal vein shorter than stigmal vein; propodeum at most 0.3x scutellum length; last segment of fore tarsus without a comb; third valvula fused with apex of second valvifer; flagellar segments relatively shorter, F1 at most 4x as long as broad; distal part of F4 as well as F5, F6 and clava yellow (some specimens with F5 brownish yellow); fore wing infuscation on disc diffuse [ India].......................................... R. nigrum Singh & Agarwal