Praocis (Praocis) sanquinolenta Gay & Solier, 1840

Flores, Gustavo E. & Pizarro-Araya, Jaime, 2012, Systematic revision of the South American genus Praocis Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Part 1: Introduction and subgenus Praocis s. str., Zootaxa 3336, pp. 1-35 : 10-14

Praocis (Praocis) sanquinolenta Gay & Solier, 1840

( Figs. 5 , 16 , 27 )

Praocis sanquinolenta Gay & Solier in Solier, 1840: 223 (rev.); Solier, 1851: 192 (rev.); Lacordaire, 1859: 213; Gemminger & Harold, 1870: 1906 (cat.); Philippi, 1887: 733 (cat.); Gebien, 1910: 261 (cat.); Gebien, 1938: 398 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1945: 523 (cat.); Kulzer, 1958: 16 (rev.); Peña, 1966: 429 (cat.); Vidal & Guerrero, 2007: 73; Flores, 2007: 411 (lectot.); Pizarro-Araya et al., 2008: 273 (list).

Praocis audouini Solier, 1840: 222 (rev.); Gemminger & Harold, 1870: 1905 (cat.); Philippi, 1887: 731 (cat.); Gebien, 1910: 260 (cat.); Gebien, 1938: 398 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1945: 522 (cat.); Kulzer, 1958: 15 (rev.); Peña, 1966: 429 (cat.); Vidal & Guerrero, 2007: 73; Flores, 2007: 411 (syn. & lectot.). Synonymy by Flores, 2007: 411.

Redescription. Length 5.0–9.0 mm. Body black to dark brown, antennae and legs dark brown. Head. Clypeus and frons with round punctures each with a central seta; antennae reaching midpoint of lateral margin of pronotum; antennomere 9 longer than wide, with apical tomentose sensory patches arranged in two areas close dorsally; antennomere 10 wider than antennomere 11. Thorax. Pronotum widest behind midpoint; disc and lateral quarters with fine golden setae; punctures of disc same size as punctures of elytron; width of anterior margin exceeding half the width of posterior margin; lateral quarters flat, dorsal surface of lateral margin bearing a row of long golden setae; posterior angles right, apex rounded ( Fig. 16 ); prosternum horizontal, with edge on anterior margin broadened below gula; prosternal process subrectangular forming a right angle, not produced backwards (as in Fig. 12 ); prosternum and mesosternum with protuberances. Elytron lacking carinae, with four grooves bearing fine, golden setae, intervals flat, grooves wider than intervals; dorsal surface with short golden setae; the inner groove runs from apex of elytron reaching only the posterior third, not surpassing the midpoint of elytron towards anterior, parallel with the inner groove of the other elytron, the second groove runs from apex of elytron surpassing the midpoint of elytron, reaching the anterior third, the third and fourth (outer) grooves are very close together and run over lateral margin from apex of elytron reaching the base towards anterior ( Fig. 16 ); pseudopleuron with long setae arising on protuberances; epipleuron with short setae arising on protuberances, bearing a row of setae on the edge of anterior quarter. Legs. Ventral surface of meso– and metafemora with a row of setae on posterior edge. Inner surface of meso– and metatibiae with long, fine setae. Metatibiae curved outward. Male genitalia. Rods of sterna IX close to each other at basal third. Basal lamina of tegmen equal width throughout, with base concave. Lateral styles of tegmen with proximal margin ventrally concave, widest at base, with setae on distal 1/5 of ventral surface. Median lobe long (L/T> 1), distally broadened, with apical aperture large and apex acute. Female genitalia. Paraprocts long (2.0 <P/C ≤ 3.0); baculi of coxite horizontal; proctigeral baculus equal to length of paraproct baculus; apicodorsal lobe of proctiger extending about ¼ length of coxite.

Type material. Lectotype of Praocis sanquinolenta : [sanqui-/nolenta] [ Praocis / sanquinolentus / Sol./ Coquimbo] [ P. sanquinolentus / Gay et Sol./ Coquimbo] [Type] [ Praocis / sanquinolenta Sol. / Type de Solier/ Col. Marseul/ C. Girard det. 1975] [Lectotypus/ Praocis sanquinolenta / Gay et Solier, 1840 / Des. G. Flores 2005] ( MNHN). One paralectotype same data as lectotype, plus a label: [ sanquinolenta Sol. 223, 4 Chili] below the label [Type] ( MNHN).

Note: Flores (2007: 411) designated lectotype.

Lectotype of Praocis audouini : [Museum Paris/ Chili / Gaudichaud 1833] [ Praocis audouini / Sol. ] [Type] [Lectotypus/ Praocis audouini / Solier , 1840/ Des. G. Flores 2005] ( MNHN) . Three paralectotypes same data as lectotype ( MNHN) .

Note: Flores (2007: 411) designated lectotype and paralectotypes.

Other material examined. CHILE. Atacama Region: Huasco Province: Carrizal Bajo , 09.x.1989, 1 ( LEULS). Coquimbo Region: Elqui Province : Quebrada de Honda , 40 km N La Serena , 2.xi.1951, R. Wagenkneght, 1 ( FMNH), x.1952, R. Wagenkneght, 1 ( FMNH), Cuesta Buenos Aires , x.1992, S. Roig, 1 ( IADIZA), Caleta de Hornos , 5.iii.2005, J. Pizarro-Araya 4 ( LEULS), Punta de Teatinos , 3.xi.2002, J. Pizarro-Araya 1 ( LEULS), Peñuelas , 22.iii.1943, R. Wagenkneght, 1 ( FMNH), Coquimbo , 13.xi.1964, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), La Herradura , 13.xi.1964, L.E. Peña, 3 ( FMNH), La Pampilla , 15.viii.1969, L. Álvarez, 1 ( FMNH), Guayacán , 2.ii.1967, L.E. Peña, 5 ( FMNH), 8.ix.1968, Cekalovic , 2 ( FMNH), Lagunillas , 4.ix.1947, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), ix.1990, H. Vásquez, 15 ( LEULS), 2.iv.1990, H. Vásquez, 1 ( LEULS), 9.iii.1956, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), Herradura a Guanaqueros, 3.ix.1947, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), Guanaqueros , 6.xi.1980, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), 9.i.1984, A. Roig, 6 ( IADIZA), 10.i.1984, S. Roig, 2 ( IADIZA), 25.x.1992, S. Roig, 1 ( IADIZA), 23.i.1998, G. Castillo, 2 ( IADIZA), 18 ( LEULS), Terrazas de Guanaqueros , 14.viii.1999., J. Pizarro-Araya, 1 ( LEULS), Tongoy , 25.xi.1954, 1 ( FMNH), 16.ix.1964, H. Moyano, 1 ( FMNH), 20.iv.1955, L.E. Peña, 1 ( LEULS), E Lengua de Vaca , 25.vi.1955, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH). Limarí Province : P.N. Fray Jorge, 4.v.1991, H. Vásquez, 2 ( LEULS), Talinay , vi.1968, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), 29.x.1965, L.E. Peña, 5 ( FMNH).

Geographic distribution. Chile (Atacama Region: Huasco Province to Coquimbo Region: Limarí Province), in the Coquimbo biogeographic province.

Figures

FIGURE 27. Geographical distribution of four species of Praocis (Praocis): P. (P.) costata, P. (P.) quadrisulcata, P. (P.) sanquinolenta, and P. (P.) subsulcata.

FIGURES 5 − 14. Male and female genitalia and body details of Praocis (Praocis) species. 5. Fore tibia and tarsus in anterior view of Praocis (P.) sanquinolenta. 6 − 9: Male: 6, 7. P. (P.) rufipes, dorsal and ventral views; 8, 9. P. (P.) elliptica, dorsal and ventral views. Abbreviations: bl, basal lamina of tegmen, ls, lateral styles of tegmen, ml, median lobe. 10. Ovipositor (ventral view), spiculum and internal female reproductive tract of P. (P.) hirtella. Abbreviations: c, coxite, o, oviduct, p, paraproct, s, spermatheca, sag, spermathecal accessory gland, sp, spiculum, v, vagina. 11 – 14. Prosternum and mesosternun, lateral aspect. 11. P. (P.) costata; 12. P. (P.) quadrisulcata; 13. P. (P.) elliptica; 14. P. (P.) marginata. Abbreviations: p, prosternum, m, mesosternum. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 15 − 20. Habitus in dorsal view. 15. Praocis (Praocis) costata; 16. P. (P.) sanquinolenta; 17. P. (P.) bicentenario sp. nov., holotype; 18. P. (P.) hirtella; 19. P. (P.) subsulcata; 20. P. (P.) marginata.