Anteon, Jurine, 1807

Olmi, Massimo, Copeland, Robert S. & Noort, Simon Van, 2019, Dryinidae of the Afrotropical region (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea), Zootaxa 4630 (1), pp. 1-619 : 89-95

Key to species of Anteon

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1. Brachypterous (Figs 41A, B)........................................................... A. brachypterum Olmi

- Fully winged ( Fig. 31D )................................................................................ 2

2. Protarsomere 4 approximately as long as, or slightly shorter, or longer than basal part of 5 ( Fig. 33B ).................. 3

- Protarsomere 4 at most 0.5 × as long as basal part of 5 ( Fig. 33A )............................................. 46

3. Propodeal declivity with 2 complete longitudinal keels....................................................... 4

- Propodeal declivity without longitudinal keels or with two incomplete longitudinal keels............................ 8

4. Head reticulate rugose or granulate....................................................................... 5

- Head punctate, unsculptured among punctures, not reticulate rugose............................................ 7

5. Head granulate............................................... A. musmani Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

- Head reticulate rugose................................................................................. 6

6. Clypeus and frons black; forewing with 1 dark spot around 2r-rs&Rs vein; posterior surface of pronotum longer than mesoscutum, almost completely granulate.............................. A. beankanum Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

- Clypeus and anterior surface of frons near clypeus and along inner margin of eyes testaceous; forewing hyaline, without dark spots; posterior surface of pronotum shorter than mesoscutum, crossed by transverse keels and with posterior third punctate........................................................................................ A. haladai Olmi

7. Body totally testaceous..................................................................... A. traorei Olmi

- Body black, with pronotum reddish or brown..................................................... A. agile Olmi

8. Protarsomere 5 with inner side almost straight, without distinct apical region, with basal part longer than distal part ( Fig. 57F )................................................................................................... 9

- Protarsomere 5 with inner side curvilinear, with distinct apical region, usually with basal part shorter than distal part ( Fig. 70A ); occasionally protarsomere 5 with inner side almost straight and without distinct apical region, then with basal part much shorter than distal part...................................................................................... 10

9. Forewing with two dark transverse bands; pronotum with raised transverse carina between anterior and posterior surfaces..................................................................................... A. maritimum (Turner)

- Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands; pronotum without raised transverse carina between anterior and posterior surfaces............................................................................... A. merinum Olmi

10. Propodeal declivity with two incomplete longitudinal keels, reaching about 0.5 × length of propodeal declivity.................................................................... A. sakalavense Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

- Propodeal declivity without longitudinal keels............................................................. 11

11. Forewing with distal part of 2r-rs&Rs vein more than 0.5 × as long as proximal part............................... 12

- Forewing with distal part of 2r-rs&Rs vein 0.5 ×, or less than 0.5 × as long as proximal part......................... 17

12. Pronotum with posterior surface longer than anterior surface, more than 0.5 × as long as mesoscutum................. 13

- Pronotum with posterior surface shorter than anterior surface, less than 0.5 × as long as mesoscutum.................. 15

13. Head and mesosoma completely testaceous ( Fig. 55F ); posterior surface of pronotum with raised carina on both anterior and lateral margins............................................. A. mabibiense Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

- Head and mesosoma mostly or totally black; posterior surface of pronotum without raised carinae.................... 14

14. Protarsomere 5 with apex very prominent ( Fig. 78F ).............................................. A. urbani Olmi

- Protarsomere 5 with apex less prominent ( Fig. 53D )......................................... A. kasaicum (Benoit)

15. Body mostly testaceous-reddish............................................................... A. fiorii Olmi

- Body mostly black................................................................................... 16

16. Head and mesosoma completely black (except mandible testaceous)............................ A. kivuanum (Benoit)

- Head and mesosoma black, with many areas or spots on head and mesosoma testaceous-reddish............ A. fiorii Olmi

17. Forewing with 1–2 dark transverse bands or spots.......................................................... 18

- Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands or spots; occasionally forewing completely darkened................ 32

18. Propodeal declivity sculptured by strong transverse keels, not reticulate rugose......................... A. taylori Olmi

- Propodeal declivity slightly or strongly reticulate rugose, occasionally also granulate, with or without transverse keels... 19

19. Head completely strongly reticulate rugose............................................................... 20

- Head completely or almost completely granulate, with slight tracks of areolae, or sculptured by numerous irregular and longitudinal striae, or only with frons reticulate rugose (then vertex granulate)........................................ 25

20. Head and mesosoma almost totally black................................................................. 21

- Head and mesosoma totally or mostly testaceous-reddish.................................................... 24

21. Protarsomere 5 with basal part slightly shorter than distal part ( Fig. 53F )...... A. kibalense Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino

- Protarsomere 5 with basal part much shorter than distal part ( Figs 38G , 79E )..................................... 22

22. Protarsomere 5 with apex bent and with shorter lamellae ( Fig. 79E )............................. A. zimbabwense Olmi

- Protarsomere 5 with apex straight, not bent, and with very long lamellae ( Fig. 38G )............................... 23

23. Vertex of head with two complete strong oblique keels from lateral ocelli to occipital carina (as in Deinodryinus )................................................................................................. A. beaveri Olmi

- Vertex of head without two strong oblique keels from lateral ocelli to occipital carina (occasionally oblique keels incomplete)......................................................................................... A. fiorii Olmi

24. Mesoscutum strongly or slightly granulate, occasionally almost unsculptured, not reticulate rugose.......... A. fiorii Olmi

- Mesoscutum granulate and partly reticulate rugose......................................... A. canabense (Benoit)

25. Posterior surface of pronotum with raised carina on both anterior and lateral margins ( Fig. 68B ).......................................................................................... A. mubfs Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino

- Posterior surface of pronotum without raised carinae, or with raised carina only on lateral margins or only on anterior margin, never with raised carina on both anterior and lateral margins.................................................. 26

26. Head granulate and sculptured by numerous irregular and longitudinal striae.......................... A. abditum Olmi

- Head completely or almost completely granulate, with only slight tracks of areolae, not sculptured by longitudinal striae.. 27

27. Head and thorax totally or almost totally testaceous-reddish or brown-reddish or dark reddish-brown...... A. townesi Olmi

- Head and thorax totally or almost totally black............................................................. 28

28. Forewing with one dark transverse band around 2r-rs&Rs vein, or with very slight dark spot situated across 2R1 cell..... 29

- Forewing with two dark transverse bands................................................................. 30

29. Forewing with one dark transverse band around 2r-rs&Rs vein........................................ A. dayi Olmi

- Forewing with one very slight dark spot situated across 2R1 cell................................ A. ugandanum Olmi

30. Propodeal declivity with areolae approximately as large as those of metapectal-propodeal disc.......... A. gabonense Olmi

- Propodeal declivity with areolae less wide than those of metapectal-propodeal disc................................ 31

31. Protarsomere 5 with apex very slender ( Fig. 70E ); posterior surface of pronotum approximately as long as mesoscutum............................................................................................ A. tetense Olmi

- Protarsomere 5 with apex less slender ( Fig. 78F ); posterior surface of pronotum much shorter than mesoscutum................................................................................................... A. urbani Olmi

32. Head at least partly reticulate rugose or sculptured by irregular longitudinal striae................................. 33

- Head not reticulate rugose nor sculptured by irregular longitudinal striae........................................ 38

33. Forewing completely darkened....................................................... A. accurrens Olmi in part

- Forewing hyaline, not darkened or at most with dark spot around 2r-rs&Rs vein.................................. 34

34. Protarsomere 5 ( Fig. 44E ) with less than 20 proximal and medial lamellae, with distal region very long and slender; distal group of lamellae located far from medial lamellae...................... A. elongatum Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

- Protarsomere 5 with more than 20 proximal and medial lamellae, with distal region usually very short; distal group of lamellae usually located near medial lamellae..................................................................... 35

35. Head at least partly sculptured by irregular longitudinal striae, mainly on frons................. A. accurrens Olmi in part

- Head without irregular longitudinal striae................................................................. 36

36. Head granulate, with frons completely or partly reticulate rugose; mesoscutum granulate, not reticulate rugose; body mostly black............................................................................... A. ugandanum Olmi

- Head completely granulate and reticulate rugose; mesoscutum partly reticulate rugose; body mostly testaceous-reddish or black............................................................................................. 37

37. Propodeal declivity granulate, except few irregular keels near margins; head and mesosoma testaceous-reddish, occasionally partly darkened..................................................................... A. canabense (Benoit)

- Propodeal declivity reticulate rugose; head and mesosoma black, except mandible testaceous........................................................................................ A. dzanganum Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino

38. Mesoscutum slightly punctate, unsculptured among punctures, not granulate or only slightly granulate................ 39

- Mesoscutum completely or almost completely strongly granulate.............................................. 40

39. Body almost totally black; head completely granulate, without longitudinal and irregular striae....... A. kawandanum Olmi

- Body almost totally testaceous; head more or less granulate and with numerous irregular and longitudinal striae........................................................................................... A. accurrens Olmi in part

40. Body mostly black................................................................................... 41

- Body almost totally or mostly testaceous-reddish........................................................... 45

41. Mesosoma black, with pronotum totally or partly testaceous or testaceous-yellow; propleuron black or yellow-testaceous. 42

- Mesosoma completely black........................................................................... 43

42. Frons with two lateral keels along orbits directed towards antennal toruli; mesoscutum completely granulate; posterior surface of pronotum with lateral borders rounded; prothorax black, except some regions testaceous........... A. variegatum Olmi

- Frons without two lateral keels along orbits directed towards antennal toruli; mesoscutum granulate, with posterior third and part of lateral regions reticulate rugose; posterior surface of pronotum with lateral sharp carinas separating disc from lateral regions; prothorax completely testaceous............................... A. mcguirkae Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino

43. Notauli absent............................................................................ A. evertsi Olmi

- Notauli present...................................................................................... 44

44. Notauli reaching approximately 0.5 × length of mesoscutum; propodeal declivity granulate, not reticulate rugose.................................................................................................. A. afrum Olmi

- Notauli reaching approximately 0.3–0.4 × length of mesoscutum; propodeal declivity reticulate rugose.. A. abdulnouri Olmi

45. Body almost totally testaceous-reddish, with petiole black and part of mesosoma black.................. A. turneri Olmi

- At least mesothorax and metapectal-propodeal disc completely black................................. A. evertsi Olmi

46. Propodeal declivity without longitudinal keels, or with tracks of two longitudinal keels............................ 47

- Propodeal declivity with two strong longitudinal keels...................................................... 67

47. Pronotum with posterior surface very short, approximately 0.5 × as long as mesoscutum, or shorter................... 48

- Pronotum with posterior surface very long, more than 0.5 × as long as mesoscutum............................... 65

48. Head and mesosoma completely testaceous or testaceous-reddish.............................................. 49

- Species almost completely black........................................................................ 50

49. Head and mesosoma testaceous; mesoscutum finely punctate; propodeal declivity granulate; forewing crossed by faint transverse band........................................................................... A. anthereon Benoit

- Head and mesosoma testaceous-reddish; mesoscutum granulate; propodeal declivity reticulate rugose; forewing crossed by very dark transverse band............................................................. A. transkeianum Olmi

50. Forewing with 1–2 dark transverse bands................................................................. 51

- Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands........................................................... 59

51. Head granulate, not reticulate rugose.................................................................... 52

- Head reticulate rugose, or granulate and reticulate rugose, or granulate and very slightly rugose...................... 53

52. Frons with one median keel and tracks of 2 lateral keels near orbits directed towards antennal toruli.... A. namibiense Olmi

- Frons without median and lateral keels............................................ A. occultum Olmi & van Harten

53. Mesoscutum granulate or punctate and unsculptured among punctures, not reticulate rugose........................ 54

- Mesoscutum at least partly reticulate rugose............................................................... 57

54. Mesoscutum granulate, except unsculptured surface near anterior margin........................................ 55

- Mesoscutum punctate and unsculptured among punctures.................................................... 56

55. Forewing with one dark transverse band or spot around 2r-rs&Rs vein................................ A. simoni Olmi

- Forewing with two dark transverse bands..................................................... A. nimbense Olmi

56. Metapectal-propodeal disc less than 0.5 × as long as mesoscutellum + metanotum.................... A. glabrum Olmi

- Metapectal-propodeal disc more than 0.5 × as long as mesoscutellum + metanotum..................... A. simoni Olmi

57. Propodeal declivity granulate and with many transverse keels................................. A. gutturnium (Benoit)

- Propodeal declivity reticulate rugose, without transverse keels................................................ 58

58. Propodeal declivity with areolae very small, less wide than areolae of head; mesoscutellum reticulate rugose..................................................................... A. crowleydelmanorum Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino

- Propodeal declivity with areolae as large as areolae of head; mesoscutellum weakly granulate or unsculptured.......................................................................................... A. felice Olmi & van Harten

59. Head granulate, with evanescent rugosities or slight keels or furrows; head not reticulate rugose..................... 60

- Head completely reticulate rugose...................................................................... 62

60. Protarsomere 5 with basal part approximately as long as distal part ( Fig. 79B ); mesoscutum granulate, with evanescent rugosities........................................................................ A. xericum Olmi & van Harten

- Protarsomere 5 with basal part much longer than distal part ( Fig. 38E ); mesoscutum granulate, or alutaceous, with numerous longitudinal slight keels or furrows...................................................................... 61

61. Mesoscutum alutaceous, with numerous longitudinal slight keels or furrows......................... A. arabicum Olmi

- Mesoscutum granulate.................................................................. A. nigropictum Olmi

62. Mesoscutum completely reticulate rugose................................................................ 63

- Mesoscutum not reticulate rugose (mesoscutum punctate, or alutaceous and with slight irregular folds, or slightly or strongly granulate, occasionally with irregular folds)............................................................... 64

63. Arolium very large, slightly shorter than basal part of protarsomere 5 ( Fig. 46A ); areolae of propodeal declivity about as large as those of metapectal-propodeal disc....................................................... A. copelandi Olmi

- Arolium smaller, much shorter than basal part of protarsomere 5 ( Fig. 67A ); areolae of propodeal declivity less wide than those of metapectal-propodeal disc............................................................... A. natalense Olmi

64. Mesoscutum punctate, unsculptured among punctures; posterior surface of pronotum almost completely reticulate rugose............................................................................................ A. hoyoi Olmi

- Mesoscutum granulate, not punctate, occasionally with irregular folds; occasionally mesoscutum alutaceous, with slight irregular folds, not granulate; posterior surface of pronotum usually almost completely unsculptured or slightly granulate........

........................................................................................... A. mingoae Olmi. ............................................................................................... 65. Forewing with one dark transverse subapical band; propodeal declivity almost smooth, with slight irregular keels........................................................................................ A. longiscapum (Ceballos)

- Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands; propodeal declivity strongly reticulate rugose..................... 66

66. Head completely reticulate rugose................................................... A. madagascolum (Benoit)

- Head completely granulate, not reticulate rugose, or with very slight areolae near clypeus............... A. medleri Olmi

67. Propodeal declivity with median area mostly smooth, with keels only around margins............................. 68

- Propodeal declivity with median area completely rugose, with many keels or areolae also in central region............. 70

68. Forewing with one dark spot around 2r-rs&Rs vein................ A. pseudohova Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

- Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands or spots.................................................... 69

69. Protarsomere 5 with proximal and medial bristles, in addition to distal group of lamellae ( Fig. 53A ); notauli reaching approxi- mately 0.4–0.5 × length of mesoscutum........................................................ A. hova Benoit

- Protarsomere 5 with proximal and medial lamellae, in addition to distal group of lamellae ( Fig. 79D ); notauli almost reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum.......................................................... A. zambianum Olmi

70. Head with OL longer than POL; forewing hyaline, not darkened.......................... A. compressicoxale (Benoit)

- Head with OL shorter than POL or less frequently about as long as POL; forewing hyaline or with 1–2 dark transverse bands.................................................................................................. 71

71. Mesoscutum dull, completely or mostly reticulate rugose; species mostly reddish or black.......................... 72

- Mesoscutum dull and weakly or strongly granulate, or shiny, smooth, slightly punctate, unsculptured among punctures; species mostly black........................................................................................ 74

72. Forewing hyaline, without darks transverse bands............................ A. alteri Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino

- Forewing with one dark transverse band around 2r-rs&Rs vein................................................ 73

73. Head and mesosoma mostly reddish; metanotum reticulate rugose............................... A. rufonigrum Olmi

- Head and mesosoma black; metanotum sculptured by broad punctures, unsculptured among punctures.. A. shimbanum Olmi

74. Notauli reaching approximately 0.5 × length of mesoscutum...................... A. zairense Benoit or A. cautum Olmi

- Notauli absent, or not extending beyond 0.25–0.30 × length of mesoscutum..................................... 75

75. Protarsomere 5 with many proximal and medial bristles, without lamellae or at most with one lamella ( Fig. 53C ); propodeal declivity with median area as rugose as lateral areas............................................ A. inflatrix Benoit

- Protarsomere 5 with many proximal and medial lamellae, in addition to bristles ( Fig. 42D ); propodeal declivity with areolae of median area less wide than those of lateral areas............................................... A. bytebieri Olmi

♂♂

1. Propodeal declivity with two longitudinal keels (rarely reduced to only one keel).................................. 2

- Propodeal declivity without longitudinal keels............................................................. 27

2. Propodeal declivity with median area shiny, at least centrally unsculptured or granulate and not rugose................. 3

- Propodeal declivity with median area dull, rugose, with many keels or areolae................................... 11

3. Head at least partly reticulate rugose or sculptured by irregular keels or striae..................................... 4

- Head not rugose, not sculptured by irregular striae or keels; head completely punctate, unsculptured among punctures, at most with two tracks of oblique keels connecting lateral ocelli to occipital carina, or slightly striate on sides of lateral ocelli, or completely granulate, or punctate and granulate among punctures.................................................. 7

4. Paramere without distal inner process ( Figs 56B , 79F )....................................................... 5

- Paramere with distal inner process ( Figs 51B , 65D ).......................................................... 6

5. Paramere with proximal or subdistal inner lobe provided with mosaic sculpture ( Fig. 56B )........... A. kwazuluense Olmi

- Paramere without inner lobe ( Fig. 79F )..................................................... A. zairense Benoit

6. Forewing hyaline, without dark bands; distal inner process of paramere with inner margin slightly excavated ( Fig. 51B ).......................................................................................... A. griswoldi Olmi

- Forewing broadly darkened; distal inner process of paramere with inner margin convex ( Fig. 65D )..... A. nigerrimum Olmi

7. Head punctate, unsculptured among punctures (occasionally with two tracks of oblique keels connecting lateral ocelli to occipital carina, or slightly striate on sides of lateral ocelli)...................................................... 8

- Head granulate or punctate and granulate among punctures.................................................... 9

8. Frons with two lateral keels directed towards antennal toruli; dorsal membranous process of paramere very broad ( Fig. 69A ).................................................................................... A. oriphilum Kieffer

- Frons without two lateral keels directed towards antennal toruli; dorsal membranous process of paramere very slender ( Fig. 75C )............................................................................... A. suboriphilum Olmi

9. Mesoscutum completely granulate............................... A. hoekense Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

- Mesoscutum unsculptured, or punctate and unsculptured among punctures, at most slightly granulate near anterior margin 10

10. Paramere without distal inner rounded process ( Fig. 49F ); notauli reaching approximately 0.4 × length of mesoscutum.......................................................................................... A. georgense Olmi

- Paramere with distal inner rounded process ( Fig. 49A ); notauli reaching approximately 0.65 × length of mesoscutum........................................................................................... A. fabulosum Olmi

11. Head completely or mostly punctate and smooth; at most only vertex and temple rugose........................... 12

- Head completely or mostly reticulate rugose; occasionally with large region sculptured by numerous longitudinal and parallel keels.............................................................................................. 16

12. Paramere with distal inner pointed process ( Figs 38A , 75D ).................................................. 13

- Paramere without distal inner pointed process ( Fig. 65F )..................................................... 14

13. Paramere with very sharp distal inner process ( Fig. 38A )........................................... A. agile Olmi

- Paramere with rounded ( Fig. 75D ) or slightly sharp ( Fig. 75E ) distal inner process................. A. suboriphilum Olmi

14. Vertex with two short oblique keels connecting lateral ocelli to occipital carina............. A. opacum Olmi & van Harten

- Vertex without oblique keels connecting lateral ocelli to occipital carina........................................ 15

15. Dorsal membranous process of paramere wide and very short ( Fig. 49C ).............................. A. fisheri Olmi

- Dorsal membranous process of paramere slender and long ( Figs 79F, G )........................... A. zairense Benoit

16. Paramere with proximal inner process provided or not with mosaic sculpture ( Figs 60C, D )...................................................................................... A. malagasy Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

- Paramere without inner process or at most with process located distally ( Figs 38B , 51B )........................... 17

17. Paramere with pointed or rounded distal inner process ( Figs 38B , 51B , 54A )..................................... 18

- Paramere without pointed or rounded distal inner process ( Figs 54B , 79G )...................................... 22

18. Distal inner process of paramere with outer margin provided with many small papillae ( Fig. 38B )................................................................................. A. ambrense Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

- Distal inner process of paramere with outer margin not provided with many small papillae ( Figs 51B , 54A )............ 19

19. Distal inner process of paramere large and with inner margin slightly excavated ( Figs 51B , 54A )..................... 20

- Distal inner process of paramere smaller and with inner margin not excavated (Fig. 43E)........................... 21

20. Mesoscutum punctate, unsculptured among punctures........................................... A. griswoldi Olmi

- Mesoscutum granulate....................................................................... A. inane Olmi

21. Dorsal membranous process of paramere bare (Fig. 43E)......................................... A. cautum Olmi

- Distal area of dorsal membranous process of paramere setose ( Fig. 77E )............................ A. whartoni Olmi

22. Anterior half or third of frons sculptured by many parallel longitudinal keels; clypeus smooth or sculptured by many parallel longitudinal keels..................................................................... A. tanzanianum Olmi

- Anterior half of frons completely reticulate rugose, not sculptured by parallel keels; clypeus always smooth............ 23

23. Mesoscutum completely granulate and rugose, occasionally with anterior surface rugose and rest of surface slightly granulate.................................................................................................. 24

- Mesoscutum at least partly punctate, unsculptured among punctures........................................... 25

24. Head granulate and very strongly reticulate rugose............................................ A. sanyatense Olmi

- Head granulate and very slightly rugose.................................................. A. gutturnium (Benoit)

25. Propodeal declivity with median area sculptured by areolae less wide than those of lateral areas........ A. abruptum Olmi

- Propodeal declivity with median area sculptured by areolae as large as those of lateral areas......................... 26

26. Paramere slightly shorter than penis ( Fig. 79G )............................................... A. zairense Benoit

- Paramere much shorter than penis ( Fig. 54B ).................................................. A. inflatrix Benoit

27. Paramere without distal inner pointed or rounded process ( Figs 77C, F )......................................... 28

- Paramere with distal inner pointed or rounded process (Figs 43E, 51A)......................................... 65

28. Metapectal-propodeal disc without strong transverse posterior keel............................................ 29

- Metapectal-propodeal disc with strong transverse posterior keel............................................... 36

29. Head granulate, occasionally granulate and rugose......................................................... 30

- Head punctate or unsculptured, at most with vertex and temple granulate........................................ 33

30. Paramere with numerous papillae on inner side ( Fig. 77F ); head granulate and slightly reticulate rugose............................................................................................ A. xericum Olmi & van Harten

- Paramere without papillae on inner side ( Fig. 77C ); head granulate, not rugose................................... 31

31. Mesoscutum dull, completely granulate.................................................... A. ugandanum Olmi

- Mesoscutum not completely granulate, at most very slightly granulate only near lateral and posterior margins.......... 32

32. Mesoscutum punctate, unsculptured among punctures, not granulate............................ A. kawandanum Olmi

- Mesoscutum very slightly punctate, unsculptured among punctures, very slightly granulate near lateral and posterior margins........................................................................................ A. afrum Olmi

33. Head unsculptured or very slightly punctate, occasionally with vertex and temple granulate................ A. capei Olmi

- Head strongly punctate............................................................................... 34

34. Paramere approximately as long as penis ( Fig. 51E )............................................. A. harteni Olmi

- Paramere much shorter than penis ( Fig. 42A ).............................................................. 35

35. Notauli approximately reaching 0.5 × length of mesoscutum; head with OPL shorter than OL............ A. mosseli Olmi

- Notauli approximately reaching 0.3 × length of mesoscutum; head with OPL much longer than OL........ A. boharti Olmi

36. Head completely granulate, without areolae or irregular keels................................................. 37

- Head reticulate rugose, or with irregular keels or slight areolae, granulate among areolae and keels; rarely head unsculptured or finely punctate...................................................................................... 46

37. Mesoscutum dull, completely granulate.................................................................. 38

- Mesoscutum not granulate, at most slightly granulate only near lateral and posterior margins........................ 43

38. Notauli reaching approximately 0.5 × length of mesoscutum.................................... A. ugandanum Olmi

- Notauli very short, present near anterior margin of mesoscutum, reaching at most 0.3 × length of mesoscutum.......... 39

39. Head with OPL approximately 0.5 × as long as TL; antenna almost moniliform........................... A. dayi Olmi

- Head with OPL as long as, or slightly shorter or longer than TL; antenna filiform or almost moniliform............... 40

40. Paramere with inner lobe with mosaic pattern ( Figs 56B, D )................................... A. kwazuluense Olmi

- Paramere without inner lobe with mosaic pattern ( Figs 46D , 77B )............................................. 41

41. Paramere with inner side not provided with papillae ( Fig. 46D ), rarely with few papillae................. A. evertsi Olmi

- Paramere with inner side provided with numerous papillae ( Fig. 77B ).......................................... 42

42. Antenna filiform, with antennomere 4 more than twice as long as broad. A. tulearense Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

- Antenna almost moniliform, with antennomere 4 as long as broad... A. majunganum Olmi, Copeland & van Noort , sp. nov.

43. Mesoscutum very slightly punctate, unsculptured among punctures, slightly granulate near lateral and posterior margins.. 44

- Mesoscutum punctate, unsculptured among punctures, not granulate........................................... 45

44. Paramere without proximal inner lobe ( Fig. 35G )................................................ A. afrum Olmi

- Paramere with proximal inner lobe ( Fig. 77D )................................................ A. umtatense Olmi

45. Paramere with inner medial process surrounded by membranous band ( Fig. 33F )................... A. abdulnouri Olmi

- Paramere without inner medial process surrounded by membranous band ( Fig. 54D )............... A. kawandanum Olmi

46. Paramere much shorter than penis ( Figs 54E, F )........................................................... 47

- Paramere as long as, or slightly shorter than penis ( Fig. 51D )................................................. 49

47. Mesoscutum granulate, occasionally with part of surface near anterior margin rugose or unsculptured. A. gutturnium (Benoit)

- Mesoscutum not granulate............................................................................. 48

48. Mesoscutum punctate, unsculptured among punctures........................................ A. kivuanum (Benoit)

- Mesoscutum with surface near anterior margin rugose; rest of mesoscutum sculptured by slight irregular striae and unsculptured among striae...................................................................... A. kenyanum Olmi

49. Mesoscutum completely strongly reticulate rugose and granulate.............................................. 50

- Mesoscutum not completely reticulate rugose, at most with anterior half or third or smaller surface near anterior margin reticulate rugose......................................................................................... 51

50. Head with OPL about 0.5 × as long as OOL.................................................. A. harinhalai Olmi

- Head with OPL about as long as OOL.................................. A. nkubayei Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino

51. Mesoscutum with anterior half reticulate rugose and remaining surface unsculptured or slightly granulate.................................................................................................... A. reunionense Olmi

- Mesoscutum not reticulate rugose, or at most rugose only near anterior margin................................... 52

52. Mesoscutum sculptured by many longitudinal subparallel irregular keels, except anterior third reticulate rugose........................................................................ A. makererense Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino

- Mesoscutum not sculptured by many longitudinal subparallel irregular keels..................................... 53

53. Paramere with inner lobe ( Figs 56B, D, E , 75A )........................................................... 54

- Paramere without inner lobe ( Figs 54C , 77F ).............................................................. 57

54. Paramere with distal inner lobe not covered with papillae, with few papillae on inner margin ( Fig. 75B ). A. sublobatum Olmi

- Paramere with subdistal or proximal inner lobe covered or not with papillae ( Figs 56D, E ).......................... 55

55. Paramere with subdistal inner lobe covered or not with papillae, without mosaic pattern ( Fig. 56E ) A. madagascolum (Benoit)

- Paramere with proximal or subdistal inner lobe with mosaic pattern ( Fig. 56D ), not covered with papillae.............. 56

56. Mesoscutum granulate, with region restricted to anterior margin slightly rugose................... A. kwazuluense Olmi

- Mesoscutum punctate, unsculptured among punctures........................................... A. ngoyense Olmi

57. Inner side of paramere with many papillae ( Figs 54C , 77F )................................................... 58

- Inner side of paramere without papillae (Fig. 43F).......................................................... 59

58. Propodeal declivity with areolae less wide than those of metapectal-propodeal disc; vertex of head without two oblique keels connecting lateral ocelli to occipital carina......................................... A. xericum Olmi & van Harten

- Propodeal declivity with areolae about as large as those of metapectal-propodeal disc; vertex of head with two strong oblique keels connecting lateral ocelli to occipital carina (as in Deinodryinus )............................... A. jacksoni Olmi

59. Paramere candelabrum shaped ( Fig. 56F ), with distal half very narrow and with inner lobe ( Figs 56E, F )............................................................................................... A. madagascolum (Benoit)

- Paramere not candelabrum shaped (Fig. 43E), usually with distal half broader (Fig. 43E), rarely with distal half narrow, then not candelabrum shaped (Figs 43F, 51C)................................................................. 60

60. Paramere with distal inner rounded process (Fig. 43E)........................................... A. cautum Olmi

- Paramere without distal inner rounded process ( Fig. 51C ).................................................... 61

61. Mesoscutum dull, strongly granulate, with or without anterior fourth rugose..................... A. gutturnium (Benoit)

- Mesoscutum shiny, mostly unsculptured, or punctate and unsculptured among punctures, or very slightly granulate...... 62

62. Notauli reaching approximately 0.5 × length of mesoscutum..................................... A. accurrens Olmi

- Notauli reaching approximately 0.25–0.40 × length of mesoscutum............................................ 63

63. Mesoscutum punctate, unsculptured among punctures, with slight striae on lateral regions and near anterior margin...................................................................................... A. felice Olmi & van Harten

- Mesoscutum unsculptured, or slightly granulate, or mostly punctate and unsculptured among punctures, without striae... 64

64. Dorsal proximal membranous process of paramere short and wide ( Fig. 54F )..................... A. kivuanum (Benoit)

- Dorsal proximal membranous process of paramere long and slender ( Fig. 79F )...................... A. zairense Benoit

65. Distal inner process of paramere with apex situated near apex of paramere ( Fig. 69E ).............................. 66

- Distal inner process of paramere with apex situated fart from apex of paramere ( Fig. 54A ).......................... 73

66. Clypeus completely sculptured by many longitudinal and subparallel keels........................... A. striatum Olmi

- Clypeus not sculptured by longitudinal and subparallel keels................................................. 67

67. Dorsal membranous process of paramere with many sensorial setae ( Fig. 69E ) A. semajanna Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino

- Dorsal membranous process of paramere without sensorial setae ( Fig. 46E )...................................... 68

68. Mesoscutum completely reticulate rugose and granulate................. A. granulatum Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino - Mesoscutum not completely reticulate rugose, at most with small surface near anterior margin rugose................. 69 69. Mesoscutum slightly granulate throughout................................................................ 70 - Mesoscutum mostly or completely unsculptured or punctate and unsculptured among punctures..................... 71 70. Dorsal membranous process of paramere longer than volsella ( Fig. 46E )............................ A. emeritum Olmi - Dorsal membranous process of paramere shorter than volsella (Fig. 43D)............................ A. cautum Olmi 71. Dorsal membranous process of paramere longer than volsella ( Fig. 46E )............................ A. emeritum Olmi - Dorsal membranous process of paramere shorter than volsella (Fig. 43D)....................................... 72 72. Dorsal membranous process of paramere unsetose (Fig. 43D)...................................... A. cautum Olmi - Distal area of dorsal membranous process of paramere setose ( Fig. 77E )............................ A. whartoni Olmi 73. Head slightly or strongly granulate, with numerous irregular transverse keels, or completely or partly reticulate rugose... 74 - Head completely granulate, without irregular keels, not rugose................................................ 78 74. Mesoscutum shiny, unsculptured........................................................ A. maritimum (Turner) - Mesoscutum dull, granulate or rugose.................................................................... 75 75. Mesoscutum rugose................................................... A. blacki Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino - Mesoscutum granulate................................................................................ 76 76. Notauli reaching about 0.5 × length of mesoscutum; frontal line absent.............................. A. cautum Olmi - Notauli reaching about 0.25–0.30 × length of mesoscutum; frontal line complete................................. 77 77. Mesoscutum strongly granulate................................................................ A. inane Olmi - Mesoscutum very weakly granulate..................................................... A. maritimum (Turner) 78. Head with TL approximately twice as long as OPL.............................................. A. medleri Olmi - Head with TL slightly longer than OPL.................................................................. 79 79. Mesoscutum unsculptured.............................................................. A. garambanum Olmi - Mesoscutum granulate.................................................................. A. danielssoni Olmi

Figures

FIGURE 31. Fiorianteon sulcatum Guglielmino, Olmi, Marletta & Speranza, ♂ holotype: A: habitus in dorsal view; B: head and mesosoma in dorsal view; C: frons in frontal view. ♀ of Anteon sp. in dorsal (D) and lateral (E) view. Scale bar:A: 4.53 mm; B: 2.39 mm; C: 1.75 mm; D: 2.27 mm; E: 1.66 mm.

FIGURE 33. A, B: chela and protarsomeres of Anteon sp. C: chela of Anteon abditum Olmi, holotype. D, E: chela of Anteon abdulnouri Olmi: holotype (D); specimen from Yemen, Lahj (E). F: ♂ genitalia of Anteon abdulnouri Olmi, paratype. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5: protarsomeres 1–5 of ♀; a: arolium; b: basal part of protarsomere 5; e: enlarged claw. Scale bar: A: 0.10 mm; B: 0.08 mm; C: 0.07 mm; D, E: 0.05 mm; F: 0.06 mm.

FIGURE 35. A–D: holotypes of Anteon, chelae: A: A. accurrens Olmi; B: A. afrum Olmi; C: A. agile Olmi; D: A. alteri Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino. E–G: ♂ genitalia of Anteon species: E: A. abruptum Olmi, holotype; F: A. accurrens Olmi, ♂ from Madagascar, 17°45’S 48°43’E; G: A. afrum Olmi, ♂ from Democratic Republic of the Congo, Garamba National Park. Scale bar: A: 0.05 mm; B, C, G: 0.07 mm; D, F: 0.08 mm; E: 0.16 mm.

FIGURE 38. ♂ genitalia of Anteon species: A: A. agile Olmi, from Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mbulikerere River; B: A. ambrense Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., holotype; C: A. blacki Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino, holotype. Chelae of Anteon species holotypes: D: A. anthereon Benoit; E: A. arabicum Olmi; E: A. beankanum Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov.; F: A. beaveri Olmi. Scale bar. A: 0.13 mm; B: 0.19 mm; C: 0.14 mm; D, E: 0.06 mm; F: 0.07 mm; G: 0.10 mm.

FIGURE 42. A: ♂ genitalia of Anteon boharti Olmi, holotype. B, C, D: chelae of Anteon species holotypes: B: A. brachypterum Olmi; C: A. canabense (Benoit); D: A. bytebieri Olmi. Scale bar: A: 0.04 mm; B, C, D: 0.07 mm.

FIGURE 44. Chelae of Anteon species holotypes. A: A. compressicoxale (Benoit); B: A. crowleydelmanorum Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino; C: A. dayi Olmi; D: A. dzanganum Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino; E: A. elongatum Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov.; F: A. evertsi Olmi. Scale bar: A: 0.08 mm; B, D: 0.06 mm; C, E: 0.07 mm; F: 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 46. A: chela of Anteon copelandi Olmi, holotype. B–E: ♂ genitalia of Anteon species: B: A. danielssoni Olmi, holotype; C: A. dayi Olmi, ♂ from Botswana, Farmer’s Brigade; D: A. evertsi Olmi, paratype; E: A. emeritum Olmi, holotype. Scale bar: A, B: 0.07 mm; C, D: 0.06 mm; E: 0.12 mm.

FIGURE 49. ♂ genitalia of Anteon species. A: A. fabulosum Olmi, holotype; B: A. felice Olmi & van Harten, ♂ from Ye- men, Ar-Rujum; C: A. fisheri Olmi, holotype; D, E: A. garambanum Olmi, holotype (D) and ♂ from Madagascar, 25°00.40’S 46°18.20’E; F: A. georgense Olmi, holotype. Scale bar: A: 0.10 mm; B, F: 0.11 mm; C, D, E: 0.07 mm.

FIGURE 51. ♂ genitalia of Anteon species. A: A. granulatum Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino, holotype; B: A. griswoldi Olmi, holotype; C: A. gutturnium (Benoit), ♂ from South Africa, Katberg; D: A. harinhalai Olmi, holotype; E: A. harteni Olmi, ho- lotype; F: A. hoekense Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., holotype. Scale bar: A, D: 0.07 mm; B: 0.10 mm; C: 0.13 mm; E: 0.12 mm; F: 0.09 mm.

FIGURE 53. Chelae of Anteon species. A: A. hova Benoit, holotype; B: A. hoyoi Olmi, holotype; C: A. inflatrix Benoit, ♀ from South Africa, Port St. Johns; D: A. kasaicum (Benoit), holotype; E: A. kawandanum Olmi, holotype; F: A. kibalense Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino, holotype. Scale bar: A: 0.06 mm; B: 0.08 mm; C, D: 0.09 mm; E: 0.05 mm; F: 0.07 mm.

FIGURE 54. ♂ genitalia of Anteon species. A: A. inane Olmi, holotype; B: A. inflatrix Benoit, ♂ from South Africa, Port St. Johns; C: A. jacksoni Olmi, holotype; D: A. kawandanum Olmi, ♂ from Uganda, Kawanda; E: A. kenyanum Olmi, holotype; F: A. kivuanum (Benoit), ♂ from South Africa, 32°32.033’S 25°14.267’E.

FIGURE 55. Holotypes of Anteon species. A: A. inane Olmi, ♂ in dorsal view; B–E: A. makererense Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino: ♂ in dorsal (B) and lateral (C) view; mesosoma in dorsal view (D); head in frontal view (E); F: A. mabibiense Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., ♀ in dorsal view; head vertex and mesoscutum sculpture. Scale bar: A: 2.42 mm; F: 1.74 mm.

FIGURE 56. ♂ genitalia of Anteon species.A: A. kivuanum (Benoit), from South Africa, Graskop; B–D: A. kwazuluense Olmi, holotype (B); ♂ from Madagascar, 21°15.99’S 47°25.21’E (C); ♂ from South Africa, Royal Natal National Park (D); E–F: A. madagascolum (Benoit), ♂ from Madagascar, Antananarivo (holotype of a junior synonym, Anteon brooksi Olmi) (E); ♂ from Madagascar, 12°30.52’S 49°10.53’E (F). Scale bar: A: 0.12 mm; B, C: 0.08 mm; D, F: 0.05 mm; E: 0.07 mm.

FIGURE 57. Chelae of Anteon species.A: A. kivuanum (Benoit), ♀ from Democratic Republic of the Congo, Upemba National Park; B: A. longiscapum (Ceballos), holotype; C: A. mabibiense Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., holotype; D: A. madagascolum (Benoit), holotype; E: A. mcguirkae Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino, holotype; F: A. maritimum (Turner), ♀ from South Africa, Milnerton. Scale bar: A, D: 0.09 mm; B: 0.07 mm; C, E: 0.04 mm; F: 0.06 mm.

FIGURE 60. ♂ genitalia of Anteon species. A: A. majunganum Olmi, Copeland & van Noort, sp, nov., holotype; B: A. maker- erense Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino, holotype; C–E: A. malagasy Olmi, Copeland & van Noort, sp, nov., holotype (C), ♂ from Madagascar, 21°15.05’S 47°24.43’E (D) and ♂ from Madagascar, 21°15.99’S 47°25.21’E (E); F: A. maritimum (Turner), ♂ from Kenya, 4.57749°S 39.43825°E. Scale bar: A, D: 0.07 mm; B: 0.06 mm; C, E: 0.11 mm; F: 0.10 mm.

FIGURE 65. ♂ genitalia of Anteon species. A: A. medleri Olmi, ♂ from Nigeria, Ile-Ife; B: A. mosseli Olmi, holotype; C: A. ngoyense Olmi, holotype; D: A. nigerrimum Olmi, holotype; E: A. nkubayei Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino, holotype; F: A. opacum Olmi & van Harten, holotype. Scale bar: A, F: 0.07 mm; B, E: 0.13 mm; C: 0.09 mm; D: 0.15 mm.

FIGURE 67. Chelae of Anteon species holotypes. A: A. natalense Olmi; B: A. nigropictum Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov.; C: A. nimbense Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov.; D: A. occultum Olmi & van Harten; E: A. pseudohova Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov.; F: A. rufonigrum Olmi. Scale bar: A, D: 0.05 mm; B: 0.07 mm; C, E: 0.08 mm; F: 0.10 mm.

FIGURE 68. Holotypes of Anteon species. A–D: A. mubfs Olmi, van Noort & Guglielmino, ♀; habitus in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view; head and mesosoma in dorsal view (C); head in frontal view (D). E: A. nigerrimum Olmi, ♂; F: A. nkubayei Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino, ♂. Scale bar: E: 3.36 mm; F: 3.09 mm.

FIGURE 69. ♂ genitalia of Anteon species. A, B: A. oriphilum Kieffer: holotype (A) and ♂ from the Seychelles, 04°39.04’S 55°27.30’E (B); C: A. reunionense Olmi, holotype; D: A. sanyatense Olmi, holotype; E: A. semajanna Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino, holotype; F: A. striatum Olmi, holotype. Scale bar: A: 0.11 mm; B: 0.13 mm; C, D: 0.08 mm; E: 0.10 mm; F: 0.14 mm.

FIGURE 70. Chelae of Anteon species holotypes. A: A. sakalavense Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov.; B: A. shimbanum Olmi; C: A. simoni Olmi; D: A. taylori Olmi; E: A. tetense Olmi. Scale bar:A: 0.05 mm; B: 0.09 mm; C: 0.06 mm; D: 0.07 mm; E: 0.10 mm.

FIGURE 75. ♂ genitalia of Anteon species. A, B: A. sublobatum Olmi: holotype (A); paramere of ♂ from Madagascar, 12°31.13’S 49°10.46’E (B); C–E: A. suboriphilum Olmi: holotype (C); ♂s from Madagascar, 20°47.56’S 47°10.54’E (D) and 21°13.67’S 47°22.19’E (E); F: A. tanzanianum Olmi, ♂ from Madagascar, 12°30.52’S 49°10.53’E. Scale bar: A: 0.08 mm; B: 0.06 mm; C: 0.07 mm; D, F: 0.09 mm; E: 0.13 mm.

FIGURE 77. ♂ genitalia of Anteon species. A: A. tanzanianum Olmi, holotype; B: A. tulearense Olmi, Copeland & van Noort sp. nov., holotype; C: A. ugandanum Olmi, ♂ from Namibia, Ameib Farm; D: A. umtatense Olmi, holotype; E: A. whartoni Olmi, holotype; F: A. xericum Olmi & van Harten, holotype. Scale bar: A: 0.10 mm; B, D: 0.06 mm; C, F: 0.07 mm; E: 0.11 mm.

FIGURE 78. Chelae of Anteon species holotypes. A: A. townesi Olmi; B: A. transkeianum Olmi; C: A. traorei Olmi; D: A. turneri Olmi; E: A. ugandanum Olmi; F: A. urbani Olmi. Scale bar: A, B, D, F: 0.07 mm; C, E: 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 79. Chelae and ♂ genitalia of Anteon species. A: A. variegatum Olmi, holotype chela; B: A. xericum Olmi & van Harten, chela of ♀ from Yemen, Lahj; C, F, G: A. zairense Benoit: chela of ♀ from Madagascar, 21°15.99’S 47°25.21’E (C); genitalia of ♂♂ from Zimbabwe, Chishawasha (F) and South Africa, 34°02.5’S 18°23’E (G); D: A. zambianum Olmi, chela of holotype; E: A. zimbabwense Olmi, chela of holotype. Scale bar: A, B: 0.05 mm; C, F: 0.07 mm; D: 0.10 mm; E: 0.11 mm; G: 0.09 mm.